July 2023 arXiv papers — page 75

Peter Hanukaev, Harley Eades

We propose two new dependent type systems. The first, is a dependent graded/linear type system where a graded dependent type system is connected via modal operators to a linear type system in the style of Linear/Non-linear logic. We then generalize this system to support many graded systems connected by many modal operators through the introduction of modes

Ineke van der Berg, Andrea De Domenico, Giuseppe Greco, Krishna B. Manoorkar

We define LE-ALC, a generalization of the description logic ALC based on the propositional logic of general (i.e. not necessarily distributive) lattices, and semantically interpreted on relational structures based on formal contexts from Formal Concept Analysis (FCA). The description logic LE-ALC allows us to formally describe databases with objects, feature

Hasan Iqbal, Walter O. Krawec

High-dimensional (HD) states are known to have several interesting properties when applied to quantum cryptography. For quantum key distribution (QKD), these states have the potential to improve noise tolerance and efficiency. However, creating, and measuring, HD states is technologically challenging, thus making it important to study HD-QKD protocols where

Wanying Kang

It has been long puzzling whether the ice thickness variations observed on Enceladus can be sustained sorely by a polar-amplified bottom heating. The key to this question is to understand how the upward heat transport by convective plumes would be interfered by the temperature and salinity variations beneath the ice due to the ice thickness variations, which

Gerald Hechenblaikner

Systematic errors affecting center-of-gravity (CoG) measurements may occur from coarse sampling of the point-spread-function (PSF) or from signal truncation at the boundaries of the region-of-interest (ROI). For small ROI and PSF widths, these effects are shown to become dominant, but this can be mitigated by introducing novel unbiased estimators that are la

S. Montiel

In the last decades, many mathematicians have studied the curl operator in compact three-manifolds , mainly the structure of its spectrum and some isoperimetric problems associated with it. In this paper, we will see that all the compact three-manifolds (both closed and and with non-empty boundary) have always optimal lower bounds for the absolute value of t

Yuhang Wu, Nicholas Bender, Demetrios N. Christodoulides, Frank W. Wise

We report the generation of multimode solitons in step-index fiber. The solitons are superpositions of 5-10 temporally-aligned transverse modes, they exhibit speckled beam profiles, and the spatio-spectral variation across the soliton can be complex. Greater understanding of multimode solitons should create a foundation for further research into complex mult

Joseph W. Cutler, Christopher Watson, Emeka Nkurumeh, Phillip Hilliard

We propose a rich foundational theory of typed data streams and stream transformers, motivated by two high-level goals: (1) The type of a stream should be able to express complex sequential patterns of events over time. And (2) it should describe the internal parallel structure of the stream to support deterministic stream processing on parallel and distribu

Salman Sajad Wani, Saif Al-Kuwari, Xiaoping Shi, Yiting Chen

In this letter, we propose a novel statistical method to measure which system is better suited to probe small deviations from the usual quantum behavior. Such deviations are motivated by a number of theoretical and phenomenological motivations, and various systems have been proposed to test them. We propose that measuring deviations from quantum mechanics fo

Fekede Asefa Kumsa, Rameshwari Prasad, Arash Shaban-Nejad

Digital health, including telemedicine, has increased access to abortion care. The convenience, flexibility of appointment times, and ensured privacy to abortion users may make abortion services via telemedicine preferable. This scoping review systematically mapped studies conducted on abortion services via telemedicine, including their effectiveness and acc

Philipp M. Faller, Leena Chennuru Vankadara, Atalanti A. Mastakouri, Francesco Locatello

As causal ground truth is incredibly rare, causal discovery algorithms are commonly only evaluated on simulated data. This is concerning, given that simulations reflect preconceptions about generating processes regarding noise distributions, model classes, and more. In this work, we propose a novel method for falsifying the output of a causal discovery algor

Laura Sparacino, Yuri Antonacci, Chiara Barà, Angela Valenti

Concepts of Granger causality (GC) and Granger autonomy (GA) are central to assess the dynamics of coupled physiologic processes. While causality measures have been already proposed and applied in time and frequency domains, measures quantifying self-dependencies are still limited to the time-domain formulation and lack of a clear spectral representation. We

Yanis Miraoui

In this paper, we carefully investigate how we can use multiple different Natural Language Processing techniques and methods in order to automatically recognize the main actions in sports events. We aim to extract insights by analyzing live sport commentaries from different sources and by classifying these major actions into different categories. We also stu

Shreyas Gokhale

Deep neural networks exhibit a fascinating spectrum of phenomena ranging from predictable scaling laws to the unpredictable emergence of new capabilities as a function of training time, dataset size and network size. Analysis of these phenomena has revealed the existence of concepts and algorithms encoded within the learned representations of these networks.

Richard Derbyshire, Benjamin Green, Charl van der Walt, David Hutchison

For decades, operational technology (OT) has enjoyed the luxury of being suitably inaccessible so as to experience directly targeted cyber attacks from only the most advanced and well-resourced adversaries. However, security via obscurity cannot last forever, and indeed a shift is happening whereby less advanced adversaries are showing an appetite for target

Saurav Sharma, Chinedu Innocent Nwoye, Didier Mutter, Nicolas Padoy

Surgical action triplets describe instrument-tissue interactions as (instrument, verb, target) combinations, thereby supporting a detailed analysis of surgical scene activities and workflow. This work focuses on surgical action triplet detection, which is challenging but more precise than the traditional triplet recognition task as it consists of joint (1) l

Hasan Atakan Bedel, Tolga Çukur

Deep learning analyses have offered sensitivity leaps in detection of cognitive states from functional MRI (fMRI) measurements across the brain. Yet, as deep models perform hierarchical nonlinear transformations on their input, interpreting the association between brain responses and cognitive states is challenging. Among common explanation approaches for de

Sofia L. Vega, Rachel C. Nethery

Although some pollutants emitted in vehicle exhaust, such as benzene, are known to cause leukemia in adults with high exposure levels, less is known about the relationship between traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and childhood hematologic cancer. In the 1990s, the US EPA enacted the reformulated gasoline program in select areas of the US, which drastical

Mauro Fava, William Lafargue-Dit-Hauret, Aldo H. Romero, Eric Bousquet

We explore from first-principles calculations the ferroelectric material Pb5Ge3O11 as a model for controlling the spin-orbit interaction (SOC) in crystalline solids. The SOC has a surprisingly strong effect on the structural energy landscape by deepening the ferroelectric double well. We observe that this effect comes from a specific Pb Wyckoff site that lie

Brandon Manley

We revisit the problem of the small Bjorken-$x$ asymptotics of the quark and gluon orbital angular momentum (OAM) distributions in the proton utilizing the revised formalism for small-$x$ helicity evolution derived recently in a paper by Cougoulic, Kovchegov, Tarasov, and Tawabutr. We relate the quark and gluon OAM distributions at small $x$ to the polarized

M. Vivienne Liu, Vivek Srikrishnan, Kenji Doering, Elnaz Kabir

The transition to decarbonized energy systems has become a priority globally to mitigate carbon emissions and, therefore, climate change. However, the vulnerabilities of zero-carbon power grids under climatic and technological changes have not been thoroughly examined. In this study, we focus on modeling the zero-carbon grid using a dataset that captures div

M. Petrescu, A Sterca

This paper presents a study on using Agile methodologies in the teaching process at the university/college level during the Covid-19 pandemic, online classes. We detail a list of techniques inspired from software engineering Agile methodologies that can be used in online teaching. We also show, by analyzing students grades, that these Agile inspired techniqu

Pratyush Maini, Michael C. Mozer, Hanie Sedghi, Zachary C. Lipton

Recent efforts at explaining the interplay of memorization and generalization in deep overparametrized networks have posited that neural networks $\textit{memorize}$ "hard" examples in the final few layers of the model. Memorization refers to the ability to correctly predict on $\textit{atypical}$ examples of the training set. In this work, we show that rath

Kazuki Kojima

We report two new measurements for tests of lepton flavor universality between electrons and muons using semileptonic $B$ decays with a data set of $189~\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ collected at the Belle II experiment between 2019 and 2021. Firstly, we find a ratio of inclusive branching fractions at $R(X_{e/\mu}) \equiv \mathcal{B}(\overline{B} \rightarrow Xe^{-}\ove

C. Hernández-Vera, V. V. Guzmán, J. R. Goicoechea, V. Maillard

(Abridged) Massive stars can determine the evolution of molecular clouds with their strong ultraviolet (UV) radiation fields. Moreover, UV radiation is relevant in setting the thermal gas pressure in star-forming clouds, whose influence can extend from the rims of molecular clouds to entire star-forming galaxies. Probing the fundamental structure of nearby m

M. Crisanti, A. O. Leonov, R. Cubitt, A. Labh

The bulk helimagnet Cu2OSeO3 represents a unique example in the family of B20 cubic helimagnets exhibiting a tilted spiral and skyrmion phase at low temperatures when the magnetic field is applied along the easy <001> crystallographic direction. Here we present a systematic study of the stability and ordering of these low temperature magnetic states. We focu

Xuejian Li

We propose a continuous data assimilation (CDA) method to address the uniqueness problem for steady Navier-Stokes equations(NSE). The CDA method incorporates spatial observations into the NSE, and we prove that with sufficient observations, the CDA-NSE system is well-posed even for large data where multiple solutions may exist. This CDA idea is in general he

Mahsa Ashouri, Frederick Kin Hing Phoa, Marzia A. Cremona

This study explores traffic patterns on Taiwanese highways during consecutive holidays and focuses on understanding Taiwanese highway traffic behavior. We propose a prediction-based detection method for finding highway traffic anomalies using reconciled ordinary least squares (OLS) forecasts and bootstrap prediction intervals. Two fundamental features of tra

M. A. Anacleto, J. A. V. Campos, F. A. Brito, E. Maciel

In this paper, we consider the Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black hole to investigate the process of scalar wave scattering by the black hole in a spacetime of (d + 1) dimensions and also with the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). In this scenario, we analytically determine the phase shift and explore the effect of extra dimensions by calculating the dif

Pedro Garrido, Tomasz Komorowski, Joel L. Lebowitz, Stefano Olla

We consider a chain consisting of $n+1$ pinned harmonic oscillators subjected on the right to a time dependent periodic force $\cF(t)$ while Langevin thermostats are attached at both endpoints of the chain. We show that for long times the system is described by a Gaussian measure whose covariance function is independent of the force, while the means are peri

Felix Küster, Souvik Das, Stuart S. P. Parkin, Paolo Sessi

Measurements of magnetic properties at the atomic scale require probes capable of combining high spatial resolution with spin sensitivity. Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SP-STM) fulfills these conditions by using atomically sharp magnetic tips. The imaging of spin structures results from the tunneling magneto-conductance that depends on the im

Charlie Carlson, Ewan Davies, Alexandra Kolla, Aditya Potukuchi

We give a randomized algorithm that approximates the number of independent sets in a dense, regular bipartite graph -- in the language of approximate counting, we give an FPRAS for #BIS on the class of dense, regular bipartite graphs. Efficient counting algorithms typically apply to ``high-temperature'' problems on bounded-degree graphs, and our contribution

Damith Premasiri, Tharindu Ranasinghe, Ruslan Mitkov

Text classification is an area of research which has been studied over the years in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Adapting NLP to multiple domains has introduced many new challenges for text classification and one of them is long document classification. While state-of-the-art transformer models provide excellent results in text classification, most of

Kai Huang, Junqiao Zhao, Zhongyang Zhu, Chen Ye

Local geometric information, i.e. normal and distribution of points, is crucial for LiDAR-based simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) because it provides constraints for data association, which further determines the direction of optimization and ultimately affects the accuracy of localization. However, estimating normal and distribution of points are

Zhaoxuan Zhu, Shengjie Yu, Dean Johnstone, Laurent Sanchez-Palencia

Quasicrystals, a fascinating class of materials with long-range but nonperiodic order, have revolutionized our understanding of solid-state physics due to their unique properties at the crossroads of long-range-ordered and disordered systems. Since their discovery, they continue to spark broad interest for their structural and electronic properties. The quan

Adelheid Teklu, Rolf-Peter Kudritzki, Klaus Dolag, Rhea-Silvia Remus

Cosmological simulations predict that during the evolution of galaxies, the specific star formation rate continuously decreases. In a previous study we showed that generally this is not caused by the galaxies running out of cold gas but rather a decrease in the fraction of gas capable of forming stars. To investigate the origin of this behavior, we use disk

James Michael Wilson

If $f:{\bf R}^d\to{\bf C}$ is bounded and $f$'s H\"older $\alpha$-modulus of continuity grows no faster than $(1+\vert x\vert)^M$ ($M\geq0$) then, for every $\epsilon>0$, there is a $\beta>0$ such that $f$'s H\"older $\beta$-modulus grows no faster than $(1+\vert x\vert)^{\epsilon}$. We use this easy fact to show that, if $\vert f\vert$ decays as fast as $(1

Boaz Barak, Yael Kalai, Ran Raz, Salil Vadhan

This is an overview of some of the works of Avi Wigderson, 2021 Abel prize laureate. Wigderson's contributions span many fields of computer science and mathematics. In this survey we focus on four subfields: cryptography, pseudorandomness, computational complexity lower bounds, and the theory of optimization over symmetric manifolds. Even within those fields

Jing An, Christopher Henderson, Lenya Ryzhik

We propose a novel method for establishing the convergence rates of solutions to reaction-diffusion equations to traveling waves. The analysis is based on the study of the traveling wave shape defect function introduced in [2]. It turns out that the convergence rate is controlled by the distance between the ``phantom front location'' for the shape defect fun

Michael Meiers, Lloyd Knox, Nils Schöneberg

We implement and explore high-dimensional generalized dark matter (HDGDM) with an arbitrary equation of state as a function of redshift as an extension to {\Lambda}CDM.. Exposing this model to CMB, BAO, and supernova data, we demonstrate that the use of marginalized posterior distributions can easily lead to misleading conclusions on the viability of a high-

Luis Ossa-Fuentes, Alejandro S. Borlaff, John E. Beckman, Pamela M. Marcum

The structure of the outskrits of galaxies provides valuable information about their past and evolution. Due to their projected orientation, edge-on isolated galaxies effectively serve as test labs in which to study the three-dimensional structures of galaxies including warps and flares, and to explore the possible sources of souch distortions. We analyzed t

Sheng Cheng, Tejas Gokhale, Yezhou Yang

Generalizing to unseen image domains is a challenging problem primarily due to the lack of diverse training data, inaccessible target data, and the large domain shift that may exist in many real-world settings. As such data augmentation is a critical component of domain generalization methods that seek to address this problem. We present Adversarial Bayesian

Ying-Hai Wu, Yueshui Zhang, Hong-Hao Tu, Meng Cheng

We propose a novel mechanism of impurity screening in (1+1)$d$ quantum critical states described by conformal field theories (CFTs). An impurity can be screened if it has the same quantum numbers as some gapless degrees of freedom of the CFT. The common source of these degrees of freedom is the chiral primary fields of the CFT, but we uncover that topologica

Peter Dørffler Ladegaard Jensen, Tim Felle Olsen, J. Andreas Bærentzen, Niels Aage

Inverse design of high-resolution and fine-detailed 3D lightweight mechanical structures is notoriously expensive due to the need for vast computational resources and the use of very fine-scaled complex meshes. Furthermore, in designing for additive manufacturing, infill is often neglected as a component of the optimized structure. In this paper, both concer

Gang Wu, Christian Henkel, Ye Xu, Andreas Brunthaler

Protostellar jets and outflows are essential ingredients of the star formation process. A better understanding of this phenomenon is important in its own right as well as for many fundamental aspects of star formation. Jets and outflows associated with O-type protostars are rarely studied with observations reaching the close vicinity of the protostars. In th

Martin Bauer, Guillaume Rostagni

We reexamine the low-energy potential for a macroscopic fifth force generated from the exchange of two axions. The shift-symmetry of the linear axion interactions leads to a potential falling off as $V(r) \sim 1/r^5$. We find that in the case of the QCD axion higher-order terms in the Lagrangian break the shift symmetry and lead to the dominant contribution

Jorge Pérez González, Michael Greklek-McKeon, Shreyas Vissapragada, Morgan Saidel

Photoevaporative mass-loss rates are expected to be highest when planets are young and the host star is more active, but to date there have been relatively few measurements of mass-loss rates for young gas giant exoplanets. In this study we measure the present-day atmospheric mass-loss rate of TOI-1268b, a young (110 - 380 Myr) and low density (0.71$^{+0.17}

A. Sollima, C. Nipoti, F. Calura, R. Pascale

We developed self-consistent dynamical models of stellar systems in the framework of quasi-linear modified Newtonian dynamics (QUMOND). The models are constructed from the anisotropic distribution function of Gunn & Griffin (1979), combined with the modified Poisson equation defining this gravitation theory and take into account the external field effect. We

Gyueun Park, Min-Young Lee, Shmuel Bialy, Blakesley Burkhart

In this paper, we investigate the conditions for the HI-to-H$_{2}$ transition in the solar neighborhood by analyzing HI emission and absorption measurements toward 58 Galactic lines of sight (LOSs) along with $^{12}$CO(1$-$0) (CO) and dust data. Based on the accurate column densities of the cold and warm neutral medium (CNM and WNM), we first perform a decom

Simeon Bird, Chia-Feng Chang, Yanou Cui, Daneng Yang

We demonstrate that enhanced early galaxy formation can generically arise in axion-like particle (ALP) dark matter (DM) models with a delayed onset of axion field oscillation. In these models, the formation of localized massive objects enhances structure formation, potentially addressing the excess recently observed by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST),

Yu-Jie Liu, Simon Lieu

We classify different ways to passively protect classical and quantum information, i.e. we do not allow for syndrome measurements, in the context of local Lindblad models for spin systems. Within this family of models, we suggest that passive error correction is associated with nontrivial phases of matter and propose a definition for dissipative phases based

Igor Andreoni, Michael W. Coughlin, Alexander W. Criswell, Mattia Bulla

Binary neutron star mergers and neutron star-black hole mergers are multi-messenger sources that can be detected in gravitational waves and in electromagnetic radiation. The low electron fraction of neutron star merger ejecta favors the production of heavy elements such as lanthanides and actinides via rapid neutron capture (r-process). The decay of these un

Tobin M. Wainer, Gail Zasowski, Joshua Pepper, Tom Wagg

We present the first integrated light, TESS-based light curves for star clusters in the Milky Way, Small Magellanic Cloud, and Large Magellanic Cloud. We explore the information encoded in these light curves, with particular emphasis on variability. We describe our publicly available package ELK, which is designed to extract the light curves by applying prin

Rasmi Hajjar, Sergio Palomares-Ruiz, Olga Mena

One long-standing tension in the determination of neutrino parameters is the mismatched value of the solar mass square difference, $\Delta m_{21}^2$, measured by different experiments: the reactor antineutrino experiment KamLAND finds a best fit larger than the one obtained with solar neutrino data. Even if the current tension is mild ($\sim 1.5\sigma$), it

Silvia Onorato, Mario Cadelano, Emanuele Dalessandro, Enrico Vesperini

NGC 2419 is likely the globular cluster (GC) with the lowest dynamical age in the Galaxy. This makes it an extremely interesting target for studying the properties of its multiple populations (MPs), as they have been likely affected only modestly by long-term dynamical evolution effects. Here we present for the first time a detailed analysis of the structura

Francisco J. Mercado, James S. Bullock, Jorge Moreno, Michael Boylan-Kolchin

The Radial Acceleration Relation (RAR) connects the total gravitational acceleration of a galaxy at a given radius, $a_{\rm tot}(r)$, with that accounted for by baryons at the same radius, $a_{\rm bar}(r)$. The shape and tightness of the RAR for rotationally-supported galaxies have characteristics in line with MOdified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) and can also

Zhigang Song, Jingshan Qi, Olivia Liebman, Prineha Narang

Twisting is a novel technique for creating strongly correlated effects in two-dimensional bilayered materials, and can tunably generate nontrivial topological properties, magnetism, and superconductivity. Magnetism is particularly significant as it can both compete with superconductivity and lead to the emergence of nontrivial topological states. However, th

J. M. Palencia, J. M. Diego, B. J. Kavanagh, J. Martinez

Microlensing of stars in strongly lensed galaxies can lead to temporary extreme magnification factors ($\mu\!>\!1000$), enabling their detection at high redshifts. Following the discovery of Icarus, several stars at cosmological distances ($z\!>\!1$) have been observed using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). This eme

Adrian E. Bayer, Uros Seljak, Chirag Modi

Field-level inference provides a means to optimally extract information from upcoming cosmological surveys, but requires efficient sampling of a high-dimensional parameter space. This work applies Microcanonical Langevin Monte Carlo (MCLMC) to sample the initial conditions of the Universe, as well as the cosmological parameters $\sigma_8$ and $\Omega_m$, fro

Bren E. Backhaus, Jonathan R. Trump, Nor Pirzkal, Guillermo Barro

We use James Webb Space Telescope Near-Infrared Camera Wide Field Slitless Spectroscopy (NIRCam WFSS) and Near-Infrared spectrograph (NIRSpec) in the Cosmic Evolution Early Release survey (CEERS) to measure rest-frame optical emission-line of 155 galaxies at z>2. The blind NIRCam grism observations include a sample of galaxies with bright emission lines that

Tomas Cassanelli, Calvin Leung, Pranav Sanghavi, Juan Mena-Parra

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration, luminous radio transients of extragalactic origin. These events have been used to trace the baryonic structure of the Universe using their dispersion measure (DM) assuming that the contribution from host galaxies can be reliably estimated. However, contributions from the immediate environment of an FRB may d

Michele Moresco

Twenty years after the discovery that the expansion of the Universe is accelerating, a new finding is now challenging our understanding of the cosmos. Recent studies have shown that the Hubble constant, the speed of expansion measured today, provides values in significant tension when measured from the Cosmic Microwave Background in the primordial Universe o

Kyung-Su Kim, Hosho Katsura

We prove that the motion of a single hole induces $SU(N)$ flavor-singlets in the $U=\infty$ $SU(N)$ (Fermi) Hubbard model on a Husimi-like tree graph. The result is also generalized to certain $t$-$J$ models with antiferromagnetic interactions and singlet hopping terms typically neglected in the literature. This is an $SU(N)$ generalization of the "counter-N

Andrii Kurkin, Jonas Hegemann, Mo Kordzanganeh, Alexey Melnikov

Efficient and sustainable power generation is a crucial concern in the energy sector. In particular, thermal power plants grapple with accurately predicting steam mass flow, which is crucial for operational efficiency and cost reduction. In this study, we use a parallel hybrid neural network architecture that combines a parametrized quantum circuit and a con

Andrew Lingenfelter, Mingxing Yao, Andrew Pocklington, Yu-Xin Wang

We derive an exact solution for the steady state of a setup where two $XX$-coupled $N$-qubit spin chains (with possibly non-uniform couplings) are subject to boundary Rabi drives, and common boundary loss generated by a waveguide (either bidirectional or unidirectional). For a wide range of parameters, this system has a pure entangled steady state, providing

Xi Chen, Lianghua Huang, Yu Liu, Yujun Shen

This work presents AnyDoor, a diffusion-based image generator with the power to teleport target objects to new scenes at user-specified locations in a harmonious way. Instead of tuning parameters for each object, our model is trained only once and effortlessly generalizes to diverse object-scene combinations at the inference stage. Such a challenging zero-sh

Jack Saunders, Steven Caulkin, Vinay Namboodiri

The ability to accurately capture and express emotions is a critical aspect of creating believable characters in video games and other forms of entertainment. Traditionally, this animation has been achieved with artistic effort or performance capture, both requiring costs in time and labor. More recently, audio-driven models have seen success, however, these

Danny Halawi, Jean-Stanislas Denain, Jacob Steinhardt

Modern language models can imitate complex patterns through few-shot learning, enabling them to complete challenging tasks without fine-tuning. However, imitation can also lead models to reproduce inaccuracies or harmful content if present in the context. We study harmful imitation through the lens of a model's internal representations, and identify two rela

David E. Kaplan, Tom Melia, Surjeet Rajendran

In this and companion papers, we show that quantum field theories with gauge symmetries permit a broader class of classical dynamics than typically assumed. In this article, we show that the quantization of electromagnetism permits the existence of classical electric field states that do not obey Gauss's law. These states are gauge invariant and their time e

Liang Zhao, En Yu, Zheng Ge, Jinrong Yang

Human-AI interactivity is a critical aspect that reflects the usability of multimodal large language models (MLLMs). However, existing end-to-end MLLMs only allow users to interact with them through language instructions, leading to the limitation of the interactive accuracy and efficiency. In this study, we present precise referring instructions that utiliz

Zhuoling Li, Chunrui Han, Zheng Ge, Jinrong Yang

Efficiency is quite important for 3D lane detection due to practical deployment demand. In this work, we propose a simple, fast, and end-to-end detector that still maintains high detection precision. Specifically, we devise a set of fully convolutional heads based on row-wise classification. In contrast to previous counterparts, ours supports recognizing bot

Valerio De Angelis

We derive asymptotic estimates for the coefficient of $z^{k}$ in $\left( f\left( z\right) \right) ^{n}$ when $n\rightarrow \infty $ and $k$ is of order $n^{\delta }$, where $0<\delta <1,$ and $f\left( z\right) $ is a power series satisfying suitable positivity conditions and with $f\left( 0\right) \neq 0,$ $f^{\prime }\left( 0\right) =0.$ We also show that t

Alexandre Barthelemy, Anik Halder, Zhengyangguang Gong, Cora Uhlemann

The last few years have seen the development of a promising theoretical framework for statistics of the cosmic large-scale structure -- the theory of large deviations (LDT) for modelling weak-lensing one-point statistics in the mildly non-linear regime. The goal of this series of papers is to make the leap and lay out the steps to perform an actual data anal

Yajia Zhang, Hongyi Sun, Ruizhi Chai, Daike Kang

Vehicle trajectory planning is a key component for an autonomous driving system. A practical system not only requires the component to compute a feasible trajectory, but also a comfortable one given certain comfort metrics. Nevertheless, computation efficiency is critical for the system to be deployed as a commercial product. In this paper, we present a nove

Shrouk Wally, Ahmed Elsayed, Islam Alkabbany, Asem Ali

Given that approximately half of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) undergraduate students in U.S. colleges and universities leave by the end of the first year [15], it is crucial to improve the quality of classroom environments. This study focuses on monitoring students' emotions in the classroom as an indicator of their engagement and

Efstratios Manousakis

In this paper we analyze the band-structure of two-dimensional (2D) halide perovskites by considering structures related to the simpler case of the series, (BA)$_2$PbI$_4$, in which PbI$_4$ layers are intercalated with butylammonium (BA=CH$_3$(CH$_2$)$_3$NH$_3$) organic ligands. We use density-functional-theory (DFT) based calculations and tight-binding (TB)

Victor Yon, Frédéric Marcotte, Pierre-Antoine Mouny, Gebremedhin A. Dagnew

Neural decoders for quantum error correction (QEC) rely on neural networks to classify syndromes extracted from error correction codes and find appropriate recovery operators to protect logical information against errors. Its ability to adapt to hardware noise and long-term drifts make neural decoders a promising candidate for inclusion in a fault-tolerant q

Emile Anand, Chris Umans

We extend the pseudorandomness of random walks on expander graphs using the sticky random walk. Building on prior works, it was recently shown that expander random walks can fool all symmetric functions in total variation distance (TVD) upto an $O(\lambda(\frac{p}{\min f})^{O(p)})$ error, where $\lambda$ is the second largest eigenvalue of the expander, $p$

Pablo Correa

One of the major challenges for large-scale radio surface arrays, such as the Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND), is the requirement of an autonomous online trigger for radio signals induced by extensive air showers. The NUTRIG project lays the foundations for the development of a pure, efficient, and scalable trigger in the context of GRAND. F

P. Mark Kayll, Michael Morris

We prove that for every oriented graph $D$ and every choice of positive integers $k$ and $\ell$, there exists an oriented graph $D^*$ along with a surjective homomorphism $\psi\colon V(D^*) \to V(D)$ such that: (i) girth$(D^*) \geq\ell$; (ii) for every oriented graph $C$ with at most $k$ vertices, there exists a homomorphism from $D^*$ to $C$ if and only if

Gonzalo Herrera, Kohta Murase

Recent observations of high-energy neutrinos from active galactic nuclei (AGN), NGC 1068 and TXS 0506+056, suggest that cosmic rays (CRs) are accelerated in the vicinity of the central supermassive black hole and high-energy protons and electrons can cool efficiently via interactions with ambient photons and gas. The dark matter density may be significantly

Chiara Bissolotti, Radja Boughezal, Kaan Simsek

In this study, we examine the possibilities opened by upcoming high-energy deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) experiments to investigate new physics within the framework of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). Specifically, we investigate the beyond-the-Standard-Model (BSM) potential of the Large Hadron-electron Collider (LHeC) and the Future Circ

Tom Lieberum, Matthew Rahtz, János Kramár, Neel Nanda

\emph{Circuit analysis} is a promising technique for understanding the internal mechanisms of language models. However, existing analyses are done in small models far from the state of the art. To address this, we present a case study of circuit analysis in the 70B Chinchilla model, aiming to test the scalability of circuit analysis. In particular, we study

Yunan Wu, Francisco M. Castro-Macías, Pablo Morales-Álvarez, Rafael Molina

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) has been widely applied to medical imaging diagnosis, where bag labels are known and instance labels inside bags are unknown. Traditional MIL assumes that instances in each bag are independent samples from a given distribution. However, instances are often spatially or sequentially ordered, and one would expect similar diagno

Alexander Mayorov

Variable independence and decomposability are algorithmic techniques for simplifying logical formulas by tearing apart connections between free variables. These techniques were originally proposed to speed up query evaluation in constraint databases, in particular by representing the query as a Boolean combination of formulas with no interconnected variables

Jyrki Laatikainen, Ari T. Friberg, Tero Setälä

We consider cross-spectral purity in random nonstationary electromagnetic beams in terms of the Stokes parameters representing the spectral density and the spectral polarization state. We show that a Stokes parameter being cross-spectrally pure is consistent with the property that the corresponding normalized time-integrated coherence (two-point) Stokes para

Fatemeh Rezapoor Nikroo, Ajinkya Deshmukh, Anantha Sharma, Adrian Tam

In this study, we evaluate the performance of multiple state-of-the-art SRGAN (Super Resolution Generative Adversarial Network) models, ESRGAN, Real-ESRGAN and EDSR, on a benchmark dataset of real-world images which undergo degradation using a pipeline. Our results show that some models seem to significantly increase the resolution of the input images while

Jaeyoung Kim, Kyuheon Jung, Dongbin Na, Sion Jang

For real-world language applications, detecting an out-of-distribution (OOD) sample is helpful to alert users or reject such unreliable samples. However, modern over-parameterized language models often produce overconfident predictions for both in-distribution (ID) and OOD samples. In particular, language models suffer from OOD samples with a similar semanti

Ce Jin

We study pseudo-polynomial time algorithms for the fundamental \emph{0-1 Knapsack} problem. In terms of $n$ and $w_{\max}$, previous algorithms for 0-1 Knapsack have cubic time complexities: $O(n^2w_{\max})$ (Bellman 1957), $O(nw_{\max}^2)$ (Kellerer and Pferschy 2004), and $O(n + w_{\max}^3)$ (Polak, Rohwedder, and W\k{e}grzycki 2021). On the other hand, fi

Győző Kovács, Péter Kovács, Pok Man Lo, Krzysztof Redlich

Finite volume effects are studied both with low-momentum cutoff and with momentum discretization in the framework of an (axial)vector meson extended quark-meson model with Polyakov-loop variables. In the momentum cutoff scenario, the CEP moves to lower temperatures and larger quark chemical potentials as the characteristic system size is reduced, however, th

G. Lusztig

For a symplectic vector space V over Z/2 with a given circular basis we give a non-inductive definition of a family of isotropic subspaces of V with remarkable properties.

P. H. Ouyang, S. R. He, Y. Z. Wang, Y. Q. Chai

According to the statistical distribution laws, all the elementary particles in the real 3+1-dimensional world must and only be chosen as either bosons or fermions, without exception and not both. Here, we experimentally verified that a quantized current-biased Josephson junction (CBJJ), as an artificial macroscopic "particle", can be served as either boson

Y. Rappaz, J. Schober

The intracluster medium (ICM) is the low-density diffuse magnetized plasma in galaxy clusters, which reaches virial temperatures of up to 10^8 K. Under these conditions, the plasma is weakly collisional and therefore has an anisotropic pressure tensor with respect to the local direction of the magnetic field. This triggers very fast, Larmor-scale, pressure-a

Askar Tuganbaev

A module is said to be \textsf{distributive} if the lattice of its submodules is distributive. A direct sum of distributive modules is called a \textsf{semidistributive} module. In this paper we consider rings $A$ such that all right $A$-modules are semidistributive.

Julia Brandes, Rainer Dietmann, David B. Leep

We show that any rational cubic hypersurface of dimension at least 33 defined over a number field $K$ vanishes on a $K$-rational projective line, reducing the previous lower bound of Wooley by two. For $K=\mathbb Q$ we can reduce the bound to 29. The main ingredients are a result on linear spaces on quadratic forms over suitable non-real quadratic field exte

V. M. Zhuravlov

The article proposes a method for constructing non-standard theories based on terms from partially existing sequences of elements. The method is illustrated by the example of the theory of monoids. Predicates and terms from non-standard sequences, 2023, udc: 510.65 msc: 03H05 Key words: monoid, term, ideal, category, isomorphizm, insignificant extension of t

Tomi K. Baikie, Darius Kosmützky, Joshua M. Lawrence, Victor Gray

Transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy has proved fundamental to our understanding of energy and charge transfer in biological systems, allowing measurements of photoactive proteins on sub-picosecond timescales. Recently, ultrafast TA spectroscopy has been applied in vivo, providing sub-picosecond measurements of photosynthetic light harvesting and electron

Cody J. Balos, Steven Roberts, David J. Gardner

The machine learning explosion has created a prominent trend in modern computer hardware towards low precision floating-point operations. In response, there have been growing efforts to use low and mixed precision in general scientific computing. One important area that has received limited exploration is time-integration methods, which are used for solving

Jorge Dueñas-Lerín, Raúl Lara-Cabrera, Fernando Ortega, Jesús Bobadilla

Modern society devotes a significant amount of time to digital interaction. Many of our daily actions are carried out through digital means. This has led to the emergence of numerous Artificial Intelligence tools that assist us in various aspects of our lives. One key tool for the digital society is Recommender Systems, intelligent systems that learn from ou

Pedro Araújo, Letícia Mattos

Let $X_H$ be the number of copies of a fixed graph $H$ in $G(n,p)$. In 2016, Gilmer and Kopparty conjectured that a local central limit theorem should hold for $X_H$ as long as $H$ is connected, $p\gg n^{-1/m(H)}$ and $n^2(1-p)\gg 1$, where $m(H)$ denotes the $m$-density of $H$. Recently, Sah and Sawhney showed that the Gilmer--Kopparty conjecture holds for