October 2023 arXiv papers — page 16

Kim Vallée, Pierre-Emmanuel Emeriau, Boris Bourdoncle, Adel Sohbi

Contextuality is a feature of quantum correlations. It is crucial from a foundational perspective as a nonclassical phenomenon, and from an applied perspective as a resource for quantum advantage. It is commonly defined in terms of hidden variables, for which it forces a contradiction with the assumptions of parameter-independence and determinism. The former

Denis Sidorov, Aleksandr Tynda, Vladislav Muratov, Eugeny Yanitsky

The Volterra integral-functional series is the classic approach for nonlinear black box dynamical systems modeling. It is widely employed in many domains including radiophysics, aerodynamics, electronic and electrical engineering and many other. Identifying the time-varying functional parameters, also known as Volterra kernels, poses a difficulty due to the

Nicolas M. Müller, Maximilian Burgert, Pascal Debus, Jennifer Williams

Machine-learning (ML) shortcuts or spurious correlations are artifacts in datasets that lead to very good training and test performance but severely limit the model's generalization capability. Such shortcuts are insidious because they go unnoticed due to good in-domain test performance. In this paper, we explore the influence of different shortcuts and show

Meng Lou, Shu Zhang, Hong-Yu Zhou, Sibei Yang

Recent studies have integrated convolutions into transformers to introduce inductive bias and improve generalization performance. However, the static nature of conventional convolution prevents it from dynamically adapting to input variations, resulting in a representation discrepancy between convolution and self-attention as the latter computes attention ma

Eduard Feireisl

We show the Navier-Stokes-Fourier system driven by inhomogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions admits a weak solution with a strictly positive temperature as long as the initial/boundary temperature is bounded below away from zero.

Hengjia Li, Yang Liu, Linxuan Xia, Yuqi Lin

Can a pre-trained generator be adapted to the hybrid of multiple target domains and generate images with integrated attributes of them? In this work, we introduce a new task -- Few-shot Hybrid Domain Adaptation (HDA). Given a source generator and several target domains, HDA aims to acquire an adapted generator that preserves the integrated attributes of all

Joel Creutzberg, Wojciech Skomorowski, Thomas-C. Jagau

We compute autoionization widths of various Rydberg states of neon and dinitrogen by equation-of-motion coupled-cluster theory combined with complex scaling and complex basis functions. This represents the first time that complex-variable methods are applied to Rydberg states represented in Gaussian basis sets. A new computational protocol based on Kaufmann

Masahiro Nozaki, Kotaro Tamaoka, Mao Tian Tan

The non-equilibrium process where the system does not evolve to the featureless state is one of the new central objects in the non-equilibrium phenomena. In this paper, starting from the short-range entangled state in the two-dimensional conformal field theories ($2$d CFTs), the boundary state with a regularization, we evolve the system with the inhomogeneou

Stefan Behrens

We study the monopole h-invariants of 3-manifolds from a topological perspective based on Lidman and Manolescu's description of monopole Floer homology in terms of Seiberg-Witten-Floer homotopy types. We investigate the possible dependence on the choice of coefficients and give proofs of several properties of the h-invariants which are well known to experts,

Mihir Durve, Sibilla Orsini, Adriano Tiribocchi, Andrea Montessori

In microfluidic systems, droplets undergo intricate deformations as they traverse flow-focusing junctions, posing a challenging task for accurate measurement, especially during short transit times. This study investigates the physical behavior of droplets within dense emulsions in diverse microchannel geometries, specifically focusing on the impact of varyin

Sascha Mücke

This article describes an improved brute-force solving strategy for Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems that is faster than naive approaches and easily parallelizable. It exploits the Gray code ordering of natural numbers to allow for a more efficient evaluation of the QUBO objective function. The implementation in Python is discussed

Sri Aditya Deevi, Connor Lee, Lu Gan, Sushruth Nagesh

Multimodal deep sensor fusion has the potential to enable autonomous vehicles to visually understand their surrounding environments in all weather conditions. However, existing deep sensor fusion methods usually employ convoluted architectures with intermingled multimodal features, requiring large coregistered multimodal datasets for training. In this work,

Yoav Zimhony

For a compact Lie group G and a Hamiltonian G-space M with momentum map $\mu:M \to g^*$, we prove that the zero level set $\mu^{-1}(0)$ and the critical set of the norm-squared momentum map are neighbourhood smooth weak deformation retracts. To this end we show that these subsets, stratified by orbit types, satisfy a condition stronger than Whitney (B) regul

Liao Qianfen, Liu Weijun, Zhang Pengli

In this paper, firstly, we provide some necessary and sufficient conditions for generalized Cayley graphs on abelian groups to be bipartite. Secondly, we deduce several necessary and sufficient conditions for generalized Cayley graphs on finite groups to be connected. At last, as a by-product, we determine the groups whose all cubic generalized Cayley graphs

David Cardona-Vasquez, Thomas Klatzer, Sonja Wogrin

Power system optimization models are large mathematical models used by researchers and policymakers that pose tractability issues when representing real-world systems. Several aggregation techniques have been proposed to address these computational challenges and it remains a relevant topic in power systems research. In this paper, we extend a recently devel

Attila Lengyel, Ombretta Strafforello, Robert-Jan Bruintjes, Alexander Gielisse

Color is a crucial visual cue readily exploited by Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for object recognition. However, CNNs struggle if there is data imbalance between color variations introduced by accidental recording conditions. Color invariance addresses this issue but does so at the cost of removing all color information, which sacrifices discriminati

Mikiya Sekine, Satoshi Tsuruhara, Kazuhisa Ito

To reduce the typical time-consuming routines of plant modeling for model-based controller designs, the fictitious reference iterative tuning (FRIT) has been proposed and has proven to be effective in many applications. However, it is generally difficult to select a reference model properly without information on the plant, which significantly affects the co

Sandro Rodriguez Garzon, Hai Dinh Tuan, Maria Mora Martinez, Axel Küpper

Next generation mobile networks are poised to transition from monolithic structures owned and operated by single mobile network operators into multi-stakeholder networks where various parties contribute with infrastructure, resources, and services. However, a federation of networks and services brings along a crucial challenge: Guaranteeing secure and trustw

Kathrin Kromer, Chunhai Lyu, Menno Door, Pavel Filianin

Highly charged ions (HCIs) offer many opportunities for next-generation clock research due to the vast landscape of available electronic transitions in different charge states. The development of XUV frequency combs has enabled the search for clock transitions based on shorter wavelengths in HCIs. However, without initial knowledge of the energy of the clock

Francis Oger

A self-avoiding plane-filling curve cannot be periodic, but we show that it can satisfy the local isomorphism property. We investigate three families of coverings of the plane by finite sets of nonoverlapping self-avoiding curves which satisfy that property in a strong form. These curves are respectively inductive limits of: 1) $n$-folding square curves such

Hangyue Zhang

In this paper, we provide an example of a partially hyperbolic diffeomorphism with any finite number of physical measures when some Lyapunov exponent is 0 on the center.

Vahid Mosallanejad, Yu Wang, Wenjie Dou

Non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) and quantum master equation (QME) are two main classes of approaches for electronic transport. We discuss various Floquet variances of these formalisms for transport properties of a quantum dot driven via interaction with an external periodic field. We first derived two versions of the Floquet NEGF. We also explore an

Ryo Tamura

Sublattices A and B are opposite in the decay direction of the edge state of the zigzag graphene ribbon (ZGR). Detecting exponential growth from the zigzag edges to the ZGR center remains challenging. The tight-binding model calculations in this letter reveal that interlayer conductance manifests this growth in parallel contact with the armchair nanotube. Th

Yifei Wang, Liangchen Li, Jiansheng Yang, Zhouchen Lin

Adversarial Training (AT) has become arguably the state-of-the-art algorithm for extracting robust features. However, researchers recently notice that AT suffers from severe robust overfitting problems, particularly after learning rate (LR) decay. In this paper, we explain this phenomenon by viewing adversarial training as a dynamic minimax game between the

Nazeeh Ghatasheh, Ismail Altaharwa, Khaled Aldebei

Recently, spam on online social networks has attracted attention in the research and business world. Twitter has become the preferred medium to spread spam content. Many research efforts attempted to encounter social networks spam. Twitter brought extra challenges represented by the feature space size, and imbalanced data distributions. Usually, the related

Pablo Morales-Álvarez, Arne Schmidt, José Miguel Hernández-Lobato, Rafael Molina

In the last years, the weakly supervised paradigm of multiple instance learning (MIL) has become very popular in many different areas. A paradigmatic example is computational pathology, where the lack of patch-level labels for whole-slide images prevents the application of supervised models. Probabilistic MIL methods based on Gaussian Processes (GPs) have ob

Ya-Ping Xie, S. V. Goloskokov, Xurong Chen

The General Parton Distributions (GPDs) are applied to study the hard Pseudoscalar Meson Production (PMP) at high energies. The PMP amplitudes are be obtained within the GPDs factorization. They are expressed in terms of GPDs convolution functions, which are most essential in PMP reactions. We show that these convolution functions can be extracted from the P

Iosto Fodde, Jinglang Feng, Massimiliano Vasile, Jesús Gil-Fernández

ESA's Hera mission aims to visit binary asteroid Didymos in late 2026, investigating its physical characteristics and the result of NASA's impact by the DART spacecraft in more detail. Two CubeSats on-board Hera plan to perform a ballistic landing on the secondary of the system, called Dimorphos. For these types of landings the translational state during des

Cédric Pilatte

Let $λ$ be the Liouville function, defined as $λ(n) := (-1)^{Ω(n)}$ where $Ω(n)$ is the number of prime factors of $n$ with multiplicity. In 2021, Helfgott and Radziwiłł proved that $$\sum_{n\leq x} \frac{1}{n} λ(n) λ(n+1) \ll \frac{\log x}{(\log \log x)^{1/2}},$$improving earlier results by Tao and Teräväinen. We prove that $$\sum_{n\leq x} \frac{1}{n} λ(n)

Shutian Zhang, Shikun Liu, Tengfei Jiao, Min Sun

This study numerically investigates the nonlinear interaction of head-on solitary waves in a granular chain (a nonintegrable system) and compares the simulation results with the theoretical results in fluid (an integrable system). Three stages (i.e., pre-in-phase traveling stage, central-collision stage, and post-in-phase traveling stage) are identified to d

Shivan Mittal, Nicholas Hunter-Jones

We consider random quantum circuits (RQC) on arbitrary connected graphs whose edges determine the allowed $2$-qudit interactions. Prior work has established that such $n$-qudit circuits with local dimension $q$ on 1D, complete, and $D$-dimensional graphs form approximate unitary designs, that is, they generate unitaries from distributions close to the Haar m

Miguel Martinez, Isaac Ohavi

The objective of this article is to prove existence and weak uniqueness of a Walsh spider diffusion process, whose spinning measure and coefficients are allowed to depend on the local time spent at the junction vertex. The methodology is to show carefully that an effectively designed martingale problem is well-posed. Exploiting fully the results coming from

Nazeeh Ghatasheh, Ismail Altaharwa, Khaled Aldebei

Currently, almost all direct marketing activities take place virtually rather than in person, weakening interpersonal skills at an alarming pace. Furthermore, businesses have been striving to sense and foster the tendency of their clients to accept a marketing offer. The digital transformation and the increased virtual presence forced firms to seek novel mar

Yong-Jin Liu, Weimi Zhou

The l1-regularized logistic regression is a widely used statistical model in data classification. This paper proposes a dual Newton method based proximal point algorithm (PPDNA) to solve the l1-regularized logistic regression problem with bias term. The global and local convergence of PPDNA hold under mild conditions. The computational cost of a semismooth N

Mirco Ciallella, Thomas Milcent

In this paper we propose a novel and general approach to design semi-implicit methods for the simulation of fluid-structure interaction problems in a fully Eulerian framework. In order to properly present the new method, we focus on the two-dimensional version of the general model developed to describe full membrane elasticity. The approach consists in treat

Ryosuke Furuta, Yoichi Sato

Object detectors do not work well when domains largely differ between training and testing data. To overcome this domain gap in object detection without requiring expensive annotations, we consider two problem settings: semi-supervised domain generalizable object detection (SS-DGOD) and weakly-supervised DGOD (WS-DGOD). In contrast to the conventional domain

Jiho Lee, Suyeon Ju, Seungwoo Hwang, Jinmu You

Solid-state electrolytes with argyrodite structures, such as $\mathrm{Li_6PS_5Cl}$, have attracted considerable attention due to their superior safety compared to liquid electrolytes and higher ionic conductivity than other solid electrolytes. Although experimental efforts have been made to enhance conductivity by controlling the degree of disorder, the unde

Hayato Tsukagoshi, Ryohei Sasano, Koichi Takeda

We report the development of Japanese SimCSE, Japanese sentence embedding models fine-tuned with SimCSE. Since there is a lack of sentence embedding models for Japanese that can be used as a baseline in sentence embedding research, we conducted extensive experiments on Japanese sentence embeddings involving 24 pre-trained Japanese or multilingual language mo

Junghyun Kim, Woongki Na, Jonghyeon Kim, Pyeongjae Park

The unique discovery of magnetic exciton in van der Waals antiferromagnet NiPS3 arises between two quantum many-body states of a Zhang-Rice singlet excited state and a Zhang-Rice triplet ground state. Simultaneously, the spectral width of photoluminescence originating from this exciton is exceedingly narrow as 0.4 meV. These extraordinary properties, includi

Huawen Feng, Yan Fan, Xiong Liu, Ting-En Lin

Despite the recent progress in news summarization made by large language models (LLMs), they often generate summaries that are factually inconsistent with original articles, known as "hallucinations" in text generation. Unlike previous small models (e.g., BART, T5), current LLMs make fewer silly mistakes but more sophisticated ones, such as imposing cause an

Josef Málek, Kumbakonam R. Rajagopal

While the assumption of the ``no-slip" condition at a solid boundary is unquestioningly applied to study the flow characteristics of the Navier-Stokes fluid, there was considerable debate amongst the early pioneers of fluid mechanics, Du Buat, Girard, Navier, Coulomb, Poisson, Prony, Stokes and others, as to the proper condition that pertains at a solid boun

Beatrice Savoldi, Marco Gaido, Matteo Negri, Luisa Bentivogli

As part of the WMT-2023 "Test suites" shared task, in this paper we summarize the results of two test suites evaluations: MuST-SHE-WMT23 and INES. By focusing on the en-de and de-en language pairs, we rely on these newly created test suites to investigate systems' ability to translate feminine and masculine gender and produce gender-inclusive translations. F

Francis Filbet, Myeongju Kang

In this paper, we study the inertial Kuramoto-Sakaguchi equation for interacting oscillatory systems. On the one hand, we prove the convergence toward corresponding phase-homogeneous stationary states in weighted Lebesgue norm sense when the coupling strength is small enough. In [10], it is proved that when the noise intensity is sufficiently large, equilibr

Md Rakibul Hasan, Md Zakir Hossain, Shreya Ghosh, Aneesh Krishna

Empathy indicates an individual's ability to understand others. Over the past few years, empathy has drawn attention from various disciplines, including but not limited to Affective Computing, Cognitive Science, and Psychology. Detecting empathy has potential applications in society, healthcare and education. Despite being a broad and overlapping topic, the

Herbert Susmann, Antoine Chambaz

Estimating quantiles of an outcome conditional on covariates is of fundamental interest in statistics with broad application in probabilistic prediction and forecasting. We propose an ensemble method for conditional quantile estimation, Quantile Super Learning, that combines predictions from multiple candidate algorithms based on their empirical performance

Ngoc-Bao Nguyen, Keshigeyan Chandrasegaran, Milad Abdollahzadeh, Ngai-Man Cheung

In a model inversion (MI) attack, an adversary abuses access to a machine learning (ML) model to infer and reconstruct private training data. Remarkable progress has been made in the white-box and black-box setups, where the adversary has access to the complete model or the model's soft output respectively. However, there is very limited study in the most ch

Tianwen Wei, Liang Zhao, Lichang Zhang, Bo Zhu

In this technical report, we present Skywork-13B, a family of large language models (LLMs) trained on a corpus of over 3.2 trillion tokens drawn from both English and Chinese texts. This bilingual foundation model is the most extensively trained and openly published LLMs of comparable size to date. We introduce a two-stage training methodology using a segmen

David Kent, Tamás Budavári, Thomas J. Loredo, David Ruppert

Survey-based measurements of the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of galaxies have flux density estimates on badly misaligned grids in rest-frame wavelength. The shift to rest frame wavelength also causes estimated SEDs to have differing support. For many galaxies, there are sizeable wavelength regions with missing data. Finally, dim galaxies dominate ty

Valentin Maestracci, Thomas Seiller

Cobordism categories are known to be compact closed. They can therefore be used to define non-degenerate models of multiplicative linear logic by combining the Int construction with double glueing. In this work we detail such construction in the case of low-dimensional cobordisms, and exhibit a connexion between those models and the model of Interaction grap

Kenta Watanabe, Jiryo Komeda

Let $X$ be a K3 surface, let $C$ be a smooth curve of genus $g$ on $X$, and let $A$ be a line bundle of degree $d$ on $C$. Then a line bundle $M$ on $X$ with $M\otimes\mathcal{O}_C=A$ is called a lift of $A$ . In this paper, we prove that if the dimension of the linear system $|A|$ is $r\geq2$, $g>2d-4+r(r-1)$, $d\geq 2r+4$, and $A$ computes the Clifford ind

Rodrigo Gutiérrez-Cuevas, Arthur Goetschy, Yaron Bromberg, Guy Pelc

In an ideal perfectly straight multimode fiber with a circular-core, the symmetry ensures that rotating the input wavefront leads to a corresponding rotation of the output wavefront. This invariant property, known as the rotational memory effect (RME), remains independent of the typically unknown output profile. The RME thus offers significant potential for

Shivani Guptasarma, Monroe Kennedy

Robotic systems that are intended to augment human capabilities commonly require the use of semi-autonomous control and artificial sensing, while at the same time aiming to empower the user to make decisions and take actions. This work identifies principles and techniques from the literature that can help to resolve this apparent contradiction. It is postula

Nikhil Balaji, Samir Datta

The Sum of Square Roots (SSR) problem is the following computational problem: Given positive integers $a_1, \dots, a_k$, and signs $\delta_1, \dots, \delta_k \in \{-1, 1\}$, check if $\sum_{i=1}^k \delta_i \sqrt{a_i} > 0$. The problem is known to have a polynomial time algorithm on the real RAM model of computation, however no sub-exponential time algorithm

Armin Egetenmeier, Sven Strickroth

Detailed feedback on courses and lecture content is essential for their improvement and also serves as a tool for reflection. However, feedback methods are often only used sporadically, especially in mass courses, because collecting and analyzing feedback in a timely manner is often a challenge for teachers. Moreover, the current situation of the students or

Ding-Zu Wang, Hao Zhu, Jian Cui, Javier Argüello-Luengo

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is a successful theory that establishes the criteria for ergodicity and thermalization in isolated quantum many-body systems. In this work, we investigate the thermalization properties of spin-$ 1/2 $ XXZ chain with linearly-inhomogeneous interactions. We demonstrate that introduction of the inhomogeneous intera

Vysakh P. A., Prateek Mayank

Solar flares are among the most severe space weather phenomena, and they have the capacity to generate radiation storms and radio disruptions on Earth. The accurate prediction of solar flare events remains a significant challenge, requiring continuous monitoring and identification of specific features that can aid in forecasting this phenomenon, particularly

Penghui Zhang, Hua Zhang, Yibo Pi, Zijian Cao

In-band Network Telemetry (INT) has emerged as a promising network measurement technology. However, existing network telemetry systems lack the flexibility to meet diverse telemetry requirements and are also difficult to adapt to dynamic network environments. In this paper, we propose AdapINT, a versatile and adaptive in-band network telemetry framework assi

Lilac Atassi

While recent generative models can produce engaging music, their utility is limited. The variation in the music is often left to chance, resulting in compositions that lack structure. Pieces extending beyond a minute can become incoherent or repetitive. This paper introduces an approach for generating structured, arbitrarily long musical pieces. Central to t

Pascal Auscher, Hedong Hou

We propose a simple method to obtain semigroup representation of solutions to the heat equation using a local $L^2$ condition with prescribed growth and a boundedness condition within tempered distributions. This applies to many functional settings and, as an example, we consider the Koch and Tataru space related to $BMO^{-1}$ initial data.

Ulysse Remfort-Aurat

Let $\Gamma$ be a hyperbolic group and G be the isometry group of a Gromov-hyperbolic, properand geodesic metric space. We study the action of the outer automorphism group Out($\Gamma$) onthe set X($\Gamma$,G) of conjugacy classes of representations of $\Gamma$ into G. We construct a familyof Out($\Gamma$)-invariant subsets of X($\Gamma$,G) which contains (s

S. P. Baranov, A. V. Lipatov, A. A. Prokhorov, X. Chen

Inclusive $P$-wave charmonia production in hadronic collisions at high energies is discussed in the framework of non-relativistic QCD and $k_T$-factorization formalism. We present two consistent approches to merge the usual leading order $k_T$-factorization calculations with tree-level next-to-leading order off-shell amplitudes. Using these prescriptions, we

Xiao Tan, Tian-Yu Ye

In this paper, we propose a novel semiquantum proxy blind signature scheme with quantum teleportation based on X states, where the original message owner, the proxy signer and the third party are quantum participants with complete quantum capabilities, while the original signer and the signature verifier are semiquantum participants with limited quantum capa

Claudia Adam, Valérie Vidal, Pablo Grosse, Mie Ichihara

Arc volcanoes, created by magma generated from the dehydration of subducting slabs, show great variability in their sizes and along-arc spatial distributions. In this study, we address a fundamental question, namely, how do subduction zones and volcanic arcs respond to the subduction of ``atypical'' oceanic lithosphere. We investigate the correlation between

Zijia Li, Hans-Peter Schröcker, Johannes Siegele

We present a new algorithm to decompose generic spinor polynomials into linear factors. Spinor polynomials are certain polynomials with coefficients in the geometric algebra of dimension three that parametrize rational conformal motions. The factorization algorithm is based on the "kinematics at infinity" of the underlying rational motion. Factorizations exi

Kailai Sun, Tianxiang Lan, Yang Miang Goh, Sufiana Safiena

The transportation industry, particularly the trucking sector, is prone to workplace accidents and fatalities. Accidents involving large trucks accounted for a considerable percentage of overall traffic fatalities. Recognizing the crucial role of safety climate in accident prevention, researchers have sought to understand its factors and measure its impact w

Jialin Chen, Rex Ying

Temporal graphs are widely used to model dynamic systems with time-varying interactions. In real-world scenarios, the underlying mechanisms of generating future interactions in dynamic systems are typically governed by a set of recurring substructures within the graph, known as temporal motifs. Despite the success and prevalence of current temporal graph neu

Muhammad Qurratulain Khan, Abdo Gaber, Mohammad Parvini, Philipp Schulz

The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is currently studying machine learning (ML) for the fifth generation (5G)-Advanced New Radio (NR) air interface, where spatial and temporal-domain beam prediction are important use cases. With this background, this letter presents a low-complexity ML design that expedites the spatial-domain beam prediction to red

Yang Lin

In this paper, we introduce ProNet, an novel deep learning approach designed for multi-horizon time series forecasting, adaptively blending autoregressive (AR) and non-autoregressive (NAR) strategies. Our method involves dividing the forecasting horizon into segments, predicting the most crucial steps in each segment non-autoregressively, and the remaining s

Jinghua Wang

This paper presents a new numerical model based on the highly nonlinear potential flow theory for simulating the propagation of water waves in variable depth. A new set of equations for estimating the surface vertical velocity is derived based on the boundary integral equation considering the water depth variability. A successive approximation scheme is also

Jialin Chen, Shirley Wu, Abhijit Gupta, Rex Ying

The widespread deployment of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) sparks significant interest in their explainability, which plays a vital role in model auditing and ensuring trustworthy graph learning. The objective of GNN explainability is to discern the underlying graph structures that have the most significant impact on model predictions. Ensuring that explanati

Steve Prabu, Steven J. Tingay, Andrew Williams

Typical radio interferometer observations are performed assuming the source of radiation to be in the far-field of the instrument, resulting in a two-dimensional Fourier relationship between the observed visibilities in the aperture plane and the sky brightness distribution (over a small field of view). When near-field objects are present in an observation,

Chao Qin, Wei You

While experimental design often focuses on selecting the single best alternative from a finite set (e.g., in ranking and selection or best-arm identification), many pure-exploration problems pursue richer goals. Given a specific goal, adaptive experimentation aims to achieve it by strategically allocating sampling effort, with the underlying sample complexit

Ming-Xuan Lu, Long Li, Xiang-Gao Wang, Can-Min Deng

The physical origin of fast radio bursts (FRBs) is still unclear. However, young magnetars associated with short-duration gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) have been thought to be possible central engines for some FRBs. In this paper, we perform a systematic search for SGRBs that are associated with FRBs in a sample including 623 FRBs (601 one-off bursts and 22 repea

Takaaki Ishii, Ryo Kitaku, Keiju Murata, Chul-Moon Yoo

We demonstrate the turbulent dynamics of the Nambu-Goto open string in the AdS3 spacetime. While the motion of a classical closed string in AdS is known to be integrable, the integrability of an open string motion depends on the boundary conditions at the string endpoints. We numerically solve the equations of motion of the open string under the boundary con

Kai E. Yang, Xudong Sun, Graham S. Kerr, Hugh S. Hudson

M-dwarf flares observed by the \textit{Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite} (\textit{TESS}) sometimes exhibit a "peak-bump" light-curve morphology, characterized by a secondary, gradual peak well after the main, impulsive peak. A similar "late phase" is frequently detected in solar flares observed in the extreme-ultraviolet from longer hot coronal loops di

Yuting Liu

We study positivity properties of exterior powers of tangent bundles and their subsheaves. We prove a structure theorem for projective manifolds whose third exterior power of the tangent bundle is nef. We also prove a rigidity theorem for ample subsheaves of $\wedge^2 T_X$ under a rank condition. Finally, we study regular foliations whose exterior powers are

Ron Holzman

We explore a version of the minimax theorem for two-person win-lose games with infinitely many pure strategies. In the countable case, we give a combinatorial condition on the game which implies the minimax property. In the general case, we prove that a game satisfies the minimax property along with all its subgames if and only if none of its subgames is iso

Zhoyang Hai, Liyuan Pan, Xiabi Liu, Zhengzheng Liu

With the concept of teaching being introduced to the machine learning community, a teacher model start using dynamic loss functions to teach the training of a student model. The dynamic intends to set adaptive loss functions to different phases of student model learning. In existing works, the teacher model 1) merely determines the loss function based on the

Petar Žugec, Davor Horvatić, Ivica Smolić

In light of a recent direct experimental confirmation of a Lorentz contraction of Coulomb field (an electric field of a point charge in a uniform motion), we revisit some common confusions related to it, to be mindful of in teaching the subject. These include the questions about a radial nature of the field, a role of the retardation effect due to a finite s

Shuhan Liu, Yuan Tian, Zikun Deng, Weiwei Cui

Querying time series based on their relations is a crucial part of multiple time series analysis. By retrieving and understanding time series relations, analysts can easily detect anomalies and validate hypotheses in complex time series datasets. However, current relation extraction approaches, including knowledge- and data-driven ones, tend to be laborious

Balázs Dóra, Cătălin Paşcu Moca

We focus on the biorthogonal work statistics of the interacting many-body Hatano-Nelson model after switching on the imaginary vector potential. We introduce a generalized Loschmidt echo $G(t)$ utilizing the biorthogonal metric operator. It is well suited for numerical analysis and its Fourier transform yields the probability distribution of work done. The s

Debora Ramacciotti, Andreea-Iulia Lefterovici, Antonio F. Rotundo

State preparation is a fundamental routine in quantum computation, for which many algorithms have been proposed. Among them, perhaps the simplest one is the Grover-Rudolph algorithm. In this paper, we analyse the performance of this algorithm when the state to prepare is sparse. We show that the gate complexity is linear in the number of non-zero amplitudes

Zhaoyi Zhou, Chuning Zhu, Runlong Zhou, Qiwen Cui

Off-policy dynamic programming (DP) techniques such as $Q$-learning have proven to be important in sequential decision-making problems. In the presence of function approximation, however, these techniques often diverge due to the absence of Bellman completeness in the function classes considered, a crucial condition for the success of DP-based methods. In th

Yuhui Peng, Kun Wang, Anbing Ren

In this paper, we performed a search for EL CVn-type binaries based on the Gaia and TESS data. Through the combination of the Gaia DR3 eclipsing binary catalogue and the Gaia DR3 spectroscopic binary catalogue, we have identified 13 stars exhibiting EL CVn-like characteristics. Among these stars, nine have already been identified as EL CVn binaries, while th

N. Karjanto

We developed a pilot course focused on mathematical modeling within the tertiary education framework, with a distinct emphasis on sustainability and sustainable development. While an applicable textbook exists for this liberal arts course, it is noticeable that numerous examples within it are not directly aligned with sustainability concerns. To address this

Pengjie Shi, Zhiping Xu

Extreme mechanical processes such as strong lattice distortion and bond breakage during fracture are ubiquitous in nature and engineering, which often lead to catastrophic failure of structures. However, understanding the nucleation and growth of cracks is challenged by their multiscale characteristics spanning from atomic-level structures at the crack tip t

Haotian Chen, Liu Chen, Fulvio Zonca, Jiquan Li

We study the validity of gyrokinetic theory by examining the destruction of magnetic moment adiabatic invariant in the presence of fluctuations. Contrary to common assertions, it is shown for the first time that the gyrokinetic theory rests not only on the magnetic moment conservation, but also on the fact that the particle dynamics constitutes a boundary la

Swanand Ravindra Kadhe, Heiko Ludwig, Nathalie Baracaldo, Alan King

The effective detection of evidence of financial anomalies requires collaboration among multiple entities who own a diverse set of data, such as a payment network system (PNS) and its partner banks. Trust among these financial institutions is limited by regulation and competition. Federated learning (FL) enables entities to collaboratively train a model when

Yugen Sato, Taisei Nakajima, Tatsuki Kawamoto, Tomohiro Takagi

Large-scale language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, are becoming increasingly sophisticated and exhibit human-like capabilities, playing an essential role in assisting humans in a variety of everyday tasks. An important application of AI is interactive recommendation systems that respond to human inquiries and make recommendations tailored to the user. In m

Wenjing Cao, Kai Du

This paper studies the approximation of invariant measures of McKean-Vlasov dynamics with non-degenerate additive noise. While prior findings necessitated a strong monotonicity condition on the McKean-Vlasov process, we expand these results to encompass dissipative and weak interaction scenarios. Utilizing a reflection coupling technique, we prove that the e

Kankan Zhou, Eason Lai, Wei Bin Au Yeong, Kyriakos Mouratidis

Humans possess a strong capability for reasoning beyond common sense. For example, given an unconventional image of a goldfish laying on the table next to an empty fishbowl, a human would effortlessly determine that the fish is not inside the fishbowl. The case, however, may be different for a vision-language model, whose reasoning could gravitate towards th

Hanwen Ye, Wenzhuo Zhou, Ruoqing Zhu, Annie Qu

Recent advances in dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) facilitate the search for optimal treatments, which are tailored to individuals' specific needs and able to maximize their expected clinical benefits. However, existing algorithms relying on consistent trajectories, such as inverse probability weighting estimators (IPWEs), could suffer from insufficient sam

Karan Fernandes, Nabamita Banerjee, Arpita Mitra

We review recent developments concerning the soft factorization of scattering amplitudes that arise in the large radius limit of four dimensional Anti-de Sitter (AdS$_4$) spacetimes. This includes the presence of AdS radius dependent corrections of known flat spacetime soft factors and their implication on the relationship between soft theorems and Ward iden

Keith D. Hillaire, Praneshnandan Nithyanandam, Minyung Song, Sahar Rashid Nadimi

When in a pristine state, gallium and its alloys have the largest interfacial tensions of any liquid at room temperature. Nonetheless, applying as little as 0.8 V of electric potential across eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) placed within aqueous NaOH (or other electrolyte) solution will cause the metal to behave as if its interfacial tension is near zero. Th

Christopher T. H. Teo, Milad Abdollahzadeh, Ngai-Man Cheung

Recently, there has been increased interest in fair generative models. In this work, we conduct, for the first time, an in-depth study on fairness measurement, a critical component in gauging progress on fair generative models. We make three contributions. First, we conduct a study that reveals that the existing fairness measurement framework has considerabl

Nicolas J. Cerf, Anaelle Hertz, Zacharie Van Herstraeten

It is common knowledge that the Wigner function of a quantum state may admit negative values, so that it cannot be viewed as a genuine probability density. Here, we examine the difficulty in finding an entropy-like functional in phase space that extends to negative Wigner functions and then advocate the merits of defining a complex-valued entropy associated

Huiyao Shu, Ang Wang, Ziji Shi, Hanyu Zhao

As deep learning models continue to increase in size, the memory requirements for training have surged. While high-level techniques like offloading, recomputation, and compression can alleviate memory pressure, they also introduce overheads. However, a memory-efficient execution plan that includes a reasonable operator execution order and tensor memory layou

Jin-Jian Han, Wei Zhong, Ruo-Can Zhao, Ting Zeng

Satellite-based greenhouse gases (GHG) sensing technologies play a critical role in the study of global carbon emissions and climate change. However, none of the existing satellite-based GHG sensing technologies can achieve the measurement of broad bandwidth, high temporal-spatial resolution, and high sensitivity at the same time. Recently, dual-comb spectro

Chaoyu Chen, Xin Yang, Yuhao Huang, Wenlong Shi

Fetal pose estimation in 3D ultrasound (US) involves identifying a set of associated fetal anatomical landmarks. Its primary objective is to provide comprehensive information about the fetus through landmark connections, thus benefiting various critical applications, such as biometric measurements, plane localization, and fetal movement monitoring. However,

Xin Su, Phillip Howard, Nagib Hakim, Steven Bethard

Answering time-sensitive questions from long documents requires temporal reasoning over the times in questions and documents. An important open question is whether large language models can perform such reasoning solely using a provided text document, or whether they can benefit from additional temporal information extracted using other systems. We address t