December 2023 arXiv papers — page 37

Andrian Uihlein, Winnifried Wollner

Based on techniques by (S.J. Wright 1998) for finite-dimensional optimization, we investigate a stabilized sequential quadratic programming method for nonlinear optimization problems in infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. The method is shown to achieve fast local convergence even in the absence of a constraint qualification, generalizing the results obtaine

Jonas Bergström, Angelina Zheng

We compute the stable cohomology of moduli spaces of hyperelliptic curves of a fixed genus embedded on a fixed Hirzebruch surface. We also describe these moduli spaces of embedded hyperelliptic curves in terms of moduli spaces of pointed non-embedded hyperelliptic curves.

Santanu Sinha, Yves Méheust, Hursanay Fyhn, Subhadeep Roy

The immiscible displacement of a fluid by another one inside a porous medium produces different types of patterns depending on the capillary number Ca and viscosity ratio M. At high Ca, viscous fingers resulting from the viscous instability between fluid-fluid interfaces are believed to exhibit the same Laplacian growth behavior as viscously-unstable fingers

Ben Eyal, Amir Bachar, Ophir Haroche, Michael Elhadad

Large Language Models (LLMs) have spurred progress in text-to-SQL, the task of generating SQL queries from natural language questions based on a given database schema. Despite the declarative nature of SQL, it continues to be a complex programming language. In this paper, we investigate the potential of an alternative query language with simpler syntax and m

Evan Breedlove, Chao Chen, David Lindeman, Oscar Lopez-Pamies

In spite of the growing body of evidence against it, the elasticity view of the phenomenon of cavitation in elastomers continues to be utilized in numerous studies. In this context, the main objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the existing evidence that settles that cavitation in elastomers is \emph{not} a purely elastic phenomeno

Abel Lacabanne, Loïc Poulain d'Andecy

We study framizations of algebras through the idea of Schur--Weyl duality. We provide a general setting in which framizations of algebras such as the Yokonuma--Hecke algebra naturally appear and we obtain this way a Schur--Weyl duality for many examples of these algebras which were introduced in the study of knots and links. We thereby provide an interpretat

Sandra Benítez-Peña, Rafael Blanquero, Emilio Carrizosa, Pepa Ramírez-Cobo

Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a powerful tool in binary classification, known to attain excellent misclassification rates. On the other hand, many realworld classification problems, such as those found in medical diagnosis, churn or fraud prediction, involve misclassification costs which may be different in the different classes. However, it may be hard fo

Francesco Sovrano, Michaël Lognoul, Alberto Bacchelli

Compliance with the European Union's Platform-to-Business (P2B) Regulation is challenging for online platforms, and assessing their compliance can be difficult for public authorities. This is partly due to the lack of automated tools for assessing the information (e.g., software documentation) platforms provide concerning ranking transparency. Our study tack

Itai Arieli, Ivan Geffner, Moshe Tennenholtz

In this paper, we study an extension of the classic long cheap talk equilibrium introduced by Aumann and Hart~\citeN{aumann-hart-03}, and ask how much can the players benefit from having a trusted mediator compared with the standard unmediated model. We focus on a setting where a fully informed sender without commitment power must disclose its information to

Junli Fang, João F. C. Mota, Baoshan Lu, Weicheng Zhang

The joint source-channel coding (JSCC) framework leverages deep learning to learn from data the best codes for source and channel coding. When the output signal, rather than being binary, is directly mapped onto the IQ domain (complex-valued), we call the resulting framework joint source coding and modulation (JSCM). We consider a JSCM scenario and show the

Johann Ostmeyer, Ludovica Schaerf, Pavel Buividovich, Tessa Charles

Previous research has shown that Artificial Intelligence is capable of distinguishing between authentic paintings by a given artist and human-made forgeries with remarkable accuracy, provided sufficient training. However, with the limited amount of existing known forgeries, augmentation methods for forgery detection are highly desirable. In this work, we exa

Stefan Roth, Aydin Sezgin

An information-theoretic confidential communication is achievable if the eavesdropper has a degraded channel compared to the legitimate receiver. In wireless channels, beamforming and artificial noise can enable such confidentiality. However, only distribution knowledge of the eavesdropper channels can be assumed. Moreover, the transmission of artificial noi

P. Conde Muíño, J. A. Covas, A. Gomes, L. Gurriana

In Particle and Nuclear Physics research and related applications, organic scintillators provide a cost-effective technology for the detection of ionising radiation. The next generation of experiments in this field is driving fundamental research and development on these materials, demanding improved light yield, radiation hardness, and fast response. Common

Dawid Strzelczyk, Maciej Matyka

One of the limitations of the Lattice Boltzmann Method in simulating inertial flows is the coupling of the discretization of space to the velocity discretization. It requires an increase of the size of computational lattices in order to increase the Reynolds number at a fixed velocity and viscosity. In this work, we adopt the recently proposed meshless formu

Matthew D. Johnston, Bruce Pell, Jared Pemberton, David A. Rubel

We investigate how a population's natural and vaccine immunity affects the competitive balance between two strains of an infectious disease with different epidemiological characteristics. Specifically, we consider the case where one strain is more transmissible and the other strain is more immune-resistant. The competition of these strains is modeled by two

Alessandro Chiuso, Marco Fabris, Valentina Breschi, Simone Formentin

Model Predictive Control (MPC) is a powerful method for complex system regulation, but its reliance on an accurate model poses many limitations in real-world applications. Data-driven predictive control (DDPC) aims at overcoming this limitation, by relying on historical data to provide information on the plant to be controlled. In this work, we present a uni

Esrat Farhana Dulia, Syed Arbab Mohd Shihab

To ensure safe, secure, and efficient advanced air mobility (AAM) operations, an AAM surveillance network is needed to detect and track AAM traffic. Additionally, a cloud-based surveillance data collection, monitoring, and distribution center is needed, where AAM operators and service suppliers, law enforcement agencies, correctional facilities and municipal

Nhat A. Nghiem, Tzu-Chieh Wei

Block encoding is a key ingredient in the recently developed quantum singular value transformation (QSVT) framework, which provides a unifying description for many quantum algorithms. Initially introduced to simplify and optimize resource utilization in various problems, such as searching, amplitude estimation, and Hamiltonian simulation, it is reasonable to

Michal Bechny, Giuliana Monachino, Luigi Fiorillo, Julia van der Meer

Purpose: This study aims to enhance the clinical use of automated sleep-scoring algorithms by incorporating an uncertainty estimation approach to efficiently assist clinicians in the manual review of predicted hypnograms, a necessity due to the notable inter-scorer variability inherent in polysomnography (PSG) databases. Our efforts target the extent of revi

Adam Brown, Horst Fischer, Robin Glade-Beucke, Jaron Grigat

The PANCAKE facility is the world's largest liquid xenon test platform. Inside its cryostat with an internal diameter of 2.75 m, components for the next generation of liquid xenon experiments, such as DARWIN or XLZD, will be tested at their full scale. This is essential to ensure their successful operation. This work describes the facility, including its cry

Shihao Zhu, Bangshuai Zhu, Cuiying Pei, Qi Wang

The (Bi2)m(Bi2Te3)n homologous series possess natural multilayer heterostructure with intriguing physical properties at ambient pressure. Herein, we report the pressure-dependent evolution of the structure and electrical transport of the dual topological insulator BiTe, a member of the (Bi2)m(Bi2Te3)n series. With applied pressure, BiTe exhibits several diff

Vu Trung Hieu, Elisabeth Anna Sophia Köbis, Markus Arthur Köbis, Paul Hugo Schmölling

In this paper, we propose criteria for unboundedness of the images of set-valued mappings having closed graphs in Euclidean spaces. We focus on mappings whose domains are non-closed or whose values are connected. These criteria allow us to see structural properties of solutions in vector optimization, where solution sets can be considered as the images of so

Matilde Illy

We present a new solution in Einstein's theory of relativity, found through the use of the symmetries of the Ernst equations and in particular the Harrison and Ehlers transformations. The new metric represents a Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole immersed in a magnetic, rotating universe. We analyse the physical properties, such as conical singularities and erg

William DeRocco, Nolan Smyth, Volodymyr Takhistov

The Roman Space Telescope's Galactic Bulge Time Domain Survey will constitute the most sensitive microlensing survey of the Galactic Bulge to date, opening up new opportunities to search for dark matter (DM). Many extensions of the Standard Model predict the formation of extended DM substructures, such as DM subhalos, boson/axion stars, and halo-dressed prim

Shuo Wang, Xinjun Mao, Shuo Yang, Menghan Wu

ROS (Robot Operating System) packages have become increasingly popular as a type of software artifact that can be effectively reused in robotic software development. Indeed, finding suitable ROS packages that closely match the software's functional requirements from the vast number of available packages is a nontrivial task using current search methods. The

Juefei Wu, Bangshuai Zhu, Chi Ding, Dexi Shao

Binary metal sulfides are potential material family for exploring high Tc superconductors under high pressure. In this work, we study the crystal structures, electronic structures and superconducting properties of the Lu-S system in the pressure range from 0 GPa to 200 GPa, combining crystal structure predictions with ab-initio calculations. We predict 14 ne

F. Capitanio, A. Gnarini, S. Fabiani, F. Ursini

Thanks to IXPE , the X-ray spectro-polarimeter launched at the end of 2021, X-ray polarimetry has finally become an extraordinary tool in investigating the physics of accretion in low mass X-ray binaries. Similarly to what happened with gravitational waves, X-ray polarimetry would play a new complementary but at the same time fundamental role in the high-ene

Ziqing Xiang

Tight $2 s$-designs are the $2 s$-$(v, k, \lambda)$ designs whose sizes achieve the Fisher type lower bound ${v \choose s}$. Symmetric $2$-designs, the Witt $4$-$(23, 7, 1)$ design and the Witt $4$-$(23, 16, 52)$ design are tight designs. It has been widely conjectured since 1970s that there are no other nontrivial tight designs. In this paper, we give a pro

Phablo F. S. Moura, Roel Leus, Hande Yaman

The problem of scheduling conflicting jobs on parallel machines consists in assigning a set of jobs to a set of machines so that no two conflicting jobs are allocated to the same machine, and the maximum processing time among all machines is minimized. We propose a new compact mixed integer linear formulation based on the representatives model for the vertex

Alexander Einarsson, Simen Oestmo, Lester Wollman, Duncan Purves

In recent years, there has been a revolution in data-driven policing. With that has come scrutiny on how bias in historical data affects algorithmic decision making. In this exploratory work, we introduce a debiasing technique for place-based algorithmic patrol management systems. We show that the technique efficiently eliminates racially biased features whi

Alireza Ganjdanesh, Shangqian Gao, Hirad Alipanah, Heng Huang

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have shown remarkable success in modeling complex data distributions for image-to-image translation. Still, their high computational demands prohibit their deployment in practical scenarios like edge devices. Existing GAN compression methods mainly rely on knowledge distillation or convolutional classifiers' pruning tec

Ivan Geffner, Joseph Y. Halpern

Protocols for tossing a common coin play a key role in the vast majority of implementations of consensus. Even though the common coins in the literature are usually \emph{fair} (they have equal chance of landing heads or tails), we focus on the problem of implementing a \emph{biased} common coin such that the probability of landing heads is $p \in [0,1]$. Ev

Zikai Xiong, Robert Michael Freund

In recent years, there has been growing interest in solving linear optimization problems - or more simply "LP" - using first-order methods in order to avoid the costly matrix factorizations of traditional methods for huge-scale LP instances. The restarted primal-dual hybrid gradient method (PDHG) - together with some heuristic techniques - has emerged as a p

Rizhong Lin, Ali Gholipour, Jean-Philippe Thiran, Davood Karimi

Deep learning models have shown great promise in estimating tissue microstructure from limited diffusion magnetic resonance imaging data. However, these models face domain shift challenges when test and train data are from different scanners and protocols, or when the models are applied to data with inherent variations such as the developing brains of infant

Monica Barnard, Soebur Razzaque, Jagdish C. Joshi

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) comprise of short, bright, energetic flashes of emission from extragalactic sources followed by a longer afterglow phase of decreased brightness. Recent discoveries of very-high-energy (VHE, $\gtrsim 100$ GeV) afterglow emission from GRB 180720B and GRB 190829A by H.E.S.S. have raised questions regarding the emission mechanism respons

Annamaria Montanari, Daniele Morbidelli

We study the subRiemannian cut time and cut locus of a given point in a class of step-2 Carnot groups of Reiter-Heisenberg type. Following the Hamiltonian point of view, we write and analyze extremal curves, getting the cut time of any of them, and a precise description of the set of cut points.

Nikolay O. Nikitin, Maiia Pinchuk, Valerii Pokrovskii, Peter Shevchenko

Automated machine learning (AutoML) systems propose an end-to-end solution to a given machine learning problem, creating either fixed or flexible pipelines. Fixed pipelines are task independent constructs: their general composition remains the same, regardless of the data. In contrast, the structure of flexible pipelines varies depending on the input, making

Abiodun Finbarrs Oketunji, Muhammad Anas, Deepthi Saina

The Large Language Model Bias Index (LLMBI) is a pioneering approach designed to quantify and address biases inherent in large language models (LLMs), such as GPT-4. We recognise the increasing prevalence and impact of LLMs across diverse sectors. This research introduces a novel metric, LLMBI, to systematically measure and mitigate biases potentially skewin

Guido Giachetti, Nicolò Defenu

In general, classical fully-connected systems are known to undergo violent relaxation. This phenomenon refers to the relaxation of observables to stationary, non-thermal, values on a finite timescale, despite their long-time dynamics being dominated by mean-field effects in the thermodynamic limit. Here, we analyze the ``quantum" violent relaxation by studyi

Wenmin Yang, David Perconte, Corentin Déprez, Kenji Watanabe

Pairing of electrons is ubiquitous in electronic systems featuring attractive inter-electron interactions, as exemplified in superconductors. Counter-intuitively, it can also be mediated in certain circumstances by the repulsive Coulomb interaction alone. Quantum Hall (QH) Fabry-P\'erot interferometers (FPIs) tailored in two-dimensional electron gas under a

A. B. Arbuzov, S. G. Bondarenko, I. R. Boyko, L. V. Kalinovskaya

Luminosity monitoring at $e^+e^-$ colliders is investigated using SANC Monte Carlo event generator ReneSANCe and integrator MCSANC for simulation of Bhabha scattering at low angles. Results are presented for center-of-mass energies of the Z boson resonance and 240 GeV for the conditions of typical luminosity detectors. It is shown that taking into account br

Patrick Kurth, Max Nendel, Jan Streicher

We present a statistical test that can be used to verify supervisory requirements concerning overlapping time windows for the long-term calibration in rating systems. In a first step, we show that the long-run default rate is approximately normally distributed with respect to random effects in default realization. We then perform a detailed analysis of the c

Erica Scantamburlo, Giovanni F. Gronchi, Giulio Baù

In this paper we address the problem of computing a preliminary orbit of a celestial body from one topocentric position vector and a very short arc (VSA) of optical observations. Using the conservation laws of the two-body dynamics, we write the problem as a system of 8 polynomial equations in 6 unknowns. We prove that this system is generically consistent,

Long Shi, Lei Cao, Jun Wang, Badong Chen

Latent multi-view subspace clustering has been demonstrated to have desirable clustering performance. However, the original latent representation method vertically concatenates the data matrices from multiple views into a single matrix along the direction of dimensionality to recover the latent representation matrix, which may result in an incomplete informa

Mathias Drton, Alexandros Grosdos, Irem Portakal, Nils Sturma

Factor analysis is a statistical technique that explains correlations among observed random variables with the help of a smaller number of unobserved factors. In traditional full factor analysis, each observed variable is influenced by every factor. However, many applications exhibit interesting sparsity patterns, that is, each observed variable only depends

Reinhard Alkofer, Felipe J. Llanes-Estrada, Alexandre Salas-Bernardez

Abundant phenomenology suggests that strong decays from relatively low-excitation hadrons into other hadrons proceed by the creation of a light quark-antiquark pair with zero total angular momentum, the so called $^3P_0$ mechanism originating from a scalar bilinear. Yet the Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) interaction is perturbatively mediated by gluons of spin

Richard Kenyon, Haolin Shi

We compute connection probabilities for reduced $3$-webs in the triple-dimer model on circular planar graphs using the boundary measurement matrix (reduced Kasteleyn matrix). As one application we compute several "$\text{SL}_3$ generalizations'' of the Lindstr{\o}m-Gessel-Viennot theorem, for "parallel" webs and for honeycomb webs. We also apply our results

Dominic Shea, Alessandro Romito

When subject to measurements, quantum systems evolve along stochastic quantum trajectories that can be naturally equipped with a geometric phase observable via a post-selection in a final projective measurement. When post-selecting the trajectories to form a close loop, the geometric phase undergoes a topological transition driven by the measurement strength

Albert M. Varonov, Todor M. Mishonov

An initial theoretical attempt to explain the observed decrease of the polytropic/adiabatic index $\gamma$ in the solar corona has been accomplished. The chemical reactions of the ionization-recombination processes in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) of a solar plasma cocktail containing heavy elements are found to cause $1.1 < \gamma \leq 5/3$ in the q

Jack Anderson, Florin P. Boca, Cristian Cobeli, Alexandru Zaharescu

Let $h$ be a fixed non-zero integer. For every $t\in \mathbb{R}_+$ and every prime $p$, consider the angles between rays from an observer located at the point $(-tJ_p^2,0)$ on the real axis towards the set of all integral solutions $(x,y)$ of the equation $y^{-1}-x^{-1}\equiv h \pmod{p}$ in the square $[-J_p,J_p]^2$, where $J_p=(p-1)/2$. We prove the existen

Todd Hildebrant

This paper explores the application diffusion maps as graph shift operators in understanding the underlying geometry of graph signals. The study evaluates the improvements in graph learning when using diffusion map generated filters to the Markov Variation minimization problem. The paper showcases the effectiveness of this approach through examples involving

Domingos H. U. Marchetti, Manfred Requardt, Walter F. Wreszinski

We develop a theory of the critical point of the ferromagnetic Ising model, whose basic objects are the ergodic (pure) states of the infinite system. It proves the existence of anomalous critical fluctuations, for dimension $\nu=2$ and, under a standard assumption, for $\nu=3$, for the model with nearest neighbor interaction, in a way which is consistent wit

Alba Muixí, Sergio Zlotnik, Matteo Giacomini, Pedro Díez

A posteriori reduced-order models (ROM), e.g. based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), are essential to affordably tackle realistic parametric problems. They rely on a trustful training set, that is a family of full-order solutions (snapshots) representative of all possible outcomes of the parametric problem. Having such a rich collection of snapshots

Grzegorz Plebanek

Given a compact space $K$, we denote by $P(K)$ the space of all Radon probability measures on $K$, equipped with the $weak^\ast$ topology inherited from $C(K)^\ast$. For nonmetrizable compacta $K$ even basic properties of $P(K)$ spaces depend of additional axioms of set theory. We discuss here older and quite recent results on the subject.

Carles Altimiras, Daniel Esteve, Çağlar Girit, Hélène le Sueur

We investigate the resistively shunted Josephson junction (RSJ) at equilibrium, using linear response, an exact path integral technique and symmetry considerations. All three approaches independently lead to conclude that the superconducting - insulating quantum phase transition long believed to occur in the RSJ, cannot exist. For all parameters, we find tha

Alessandro Podo, Luca Santoni

We study relativistic fermionic systems in $3+1$ spacetime dimensions at finite chemical potential and zero temperature, from a path-integral point of view. We show how to properly account for the $i\varepsilon$ term that projects on the finite density ground state, and compute the path integral analytically for free fermions in homogeneous external backgrou

Krzysztof Gogol, Johnnatan Messias, Malte Schlosser, Benjamin Kraner

This paper proposes a novel multi-layer blockchain architecture for the cross-border trading of CBDCs. The permissioned layer-2, by relying on the public consensus of the underlying network, assures the security and integrity of the transactions and ensures interoperability with domestic CBDCs implementations. Multiple Layer-3s operate various Automated Mark

Habib Alizadeh, Marcelo S. Atallah, Dylan Cant

Given a compact Lagrangian $L$ in a semipositive convex-at-infinity symplectic manifold $W$, we establish a cup-length estimate for the action values of $L$ associated to a Hamiltonian isotopy whose spectral norm is smaller than some $\hbar(L)$. When $L$ is rational, this implies a cup-length estimate on the number of intersection points. This Chekanov-type

Alan Chan, Ben Bucknall, Herbie Bradley, David Krueger

Public release of the weights of pretrained foundation models, otherwise known as downloadable access \citep{solaiman_gradient_2023}, enables fine-tuning without the prohibitive expense of pretraining. Our work argues that increasingly accessible fine-tuning of downloadable models may increase hazards. First, we highlight research to improve the accessibilit

Arpan Suravi Prasad, Moritz Scherer, Francesco Conti, Davide Rossi

Extended reality (XR) applications are Machine Learning (ML)-intensive, featuring deep neural networks (DNNs) with millions of weights, tightly latency-bound (10-20 ms end-to-end), and power-constrained (low tens of mW average power). While ML performance and efficiency can be achieved by introducing neural engines within low-power systems-on-chip (SoCs), sy

Andreas Zunker, Marvin Geiselhart, Lucas Johannsen, Claus Kestel

Row-merged polar codes are a family of pre-transformed polar codes (PTPCs) with little precoding overhead. Providing an improved distance spectrum over plain polar codes, they are capable to perform close to the finite-length capacity bounds. However, there is still a lack of efficient design procedures for row-merged polar codes. Using novel weight enumerat

Thorsten Wittkopp, Alexander Acker, Odej Kao

The realm of AIOps is transforming IT landscapes with the power of AI and ML. Despite the challenge of limited labeled data, supervised models show promise, emphasizing the importance of leveraging labels for training, especially in deep learning contexts. This study enhances the field by introducing a taxonomy for log anomalies and exploring automated data

Malte Schade, Cyrill Boesch, Vaclav Hapla, Andreas Fichtner

Quantum computing has attracted considerable attention in recent years because it promises speed-ups that conventional supercomputers cannot offer, at least for some applications. Though existing quantum computers are, in most cases, still too small to solve significant problems, their future impact on domain sciences is already being explored now. Within th

Rafael Menezes, Mohannad Aldughaim, Bruno Farias, Xianzhiyu Li

ESBMC implements many state-of-the-art techniques for model checking. We report on new and improved features that allow us to obtain verification results for previously unsupported programs and properties. ESBMC employs a new static interval analysis of expressions in programs to increase verification performance. This includes interval-based reasoning over

Alan Rapoport

In the present paper we establish a clear correspondence between probabilities of certain edges belonging to a realization of the uniform spanning tree (UST), and the states of a fermionic Gaussian free field. Namely, we express the probabilities of given edges belonging or not to the UST in terms of fermionic Gaussian expectations. This allows us to explici

Ivan Geffner, Moshe Tennenholtz

Nash equilibrium is often heralded as a guiding principle for rational decision-making in strategic interactions. However, it is well-known that Nash equilibrium sometimes fails as a reliable predictor of outcomes, with two of the most notable issues being the fact that it is not resilient to collusion and that there may be multiple Nash equilibria in a sing

Adwait Gaikwad, Amitay C. Kislev, Tom Levy, Yaron Oz

Higher dimensional Euclidean Liouville conformal field theories (LCFTs) consist of a log-correlated real scalar field with a background charge and an exponential potential. We analyse the LCFT on a four-dimensional manifold with a boundary. We extend to the boundary, the conformally covariant GJMS operator and the ${\cal Q}$-curvature term in the LCFT action

Tanay Wakhare

We embark on a systematic study of the $(k+1)$-th derivative of $x^{k-r}H(x^r)$, where $H(x):=-x\log x-(1-x)\log(1-x)$ is the binary entropy and $k>r\geq 1$ are integers. Our motivation is the conjectural entropy inequality $\alpha_k H(x^k)\geq x^{k-1}H(x)$, where $0<\alpha_k<1$ is given by a functional equation. The $k=2$ case was the key technical tool dri

Maja Bacza, Tadeusz Tomczak, Maciej Matyka

Running large-scale computer codes for huge fluid flow problems requires not only large supercomputers but also efficient and well-optimized computer codes that save the resources of those supercomputers. This paper evaluates the high-performance implementation of the recently proposed Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) algorithm with a fixed viscosity and relax

Andreas Redmann, Christian Kurtscheid, Niels Wolf, Frank Vewinger

Thermalization of radiation by contact to matter is a well-known concept, but the application of thermodynamic methods to complex quantum states of light remains a challenge. Here we observe Bose-Einstein condensation of photons into the hybridized ground state of a four-site ring potential with coherent tunnel couplings. In our experiment, the periodically-

Christian Henriksen, Carsten Lunde Petersen, Eva Uhre

Let $K\subset\mathbb{C}$ be non-polar, compact and polynomially convex. We study the limits of equilibrium measures on preimages of compact sets, under $K$-regular sequences of polynomials, that center on $K$ and under the sequences of derivatives of all orders of such sequences. We show that under mild assumptions such limits always exist and equal the equi

Pauline J. Ollitrault, Matthias Loipersberger, Robert M. Parrish, Alexander Erhard

We present the first hardware implementation of electrostatic interaction energies using a trapped-ion quantum computer. As test system for our computation, we focus on the reduction of $\mathrm{NO}$ to $\mathrm{N}_2\mathrm{O}$ catalyzed by a nitric oxide reductase (NOR). The quantum computer is used to generate an approximate ground state within the NOR act

A. A. Coley

Recent observations from the James Webb Space Telescope have identified a population of massive galaxy sources ($\mathrm{>10^{10}\ M_\odot}$) at $z>7-10$, formed less than 700 Myr after the Big Bang. Such massive galaxies do not have enough time to form within the standard cosmological model, and hence these observations significantly challenge standard cosm

Hayate Funakura, Koji Mineshima

We present a compositional semantics for various types of polar questions and wh-questions within the framework of Combinatory Categorial Grammar (CCG). To assess the explanatory power of our proposed analysis, we introduce a question-answering dataset QSEM specifically designed to evaluate the semantics of interrogative sentences. We implement our analysis

Yuri V. Khotyaintsev, Daniel B. Graham, Andreas Johlander

We use multi-spacecraft Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) observations to investigate electric fields and ion reflection at a non-stationary collisionless perpendicular plasma shock. We identify sub-proton scale (5-10 electron inertial lengths) large-amplitude normal electric fields, balanced by the Hall term ($\mathbf{J} \times \mathbf{B}/ne$), as a transient

Shengzhu Yi, Hao Chen, Xinyu Wang, Miao Jiang

Topological defects are a ubiquitous phenomenon in diverse physical systems. In nematic liquid crystals (LCs), they are dynamic, physicochemically distinct, sensitive to stimuli, and are thereby promising for a range of applications. However, our current understanding of the mechanics and dynamics of defects in nematic LCs remain limited and are often overwh

Mark F. Nüesch, Lisa Pietrek, Erik D. Holmstrom, Daniel Nettels

The conformational dynamics of single-stranded nucleic acids are fundamental for nucleic acid folding and function. However, their elementary chain dynamics have been difficult to resolve experimentally. Here we employ a combination of single-molecule F\"orster resonance energy transfer, nanosecond fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, fluorescence lifetime

Qiang Wan, Zilong Huang, Bingyi Kang, Jiashi Feng

The issue of generative pretraining for vision models has persisted as a long-standing conundrum. At present, the text-to-image (T2I) diffusion model demonstrates remarkable proficiency in generating high-definition images matching textual inputs, a feat made possible through its pre-training on large-scale image-text pairs. This leads to a natural inquiry:

Mariona Torrens-Fontanals, Panagiotis Tourlas, Stefan Doerr, Gianni De Fabritiis

PlayMolecule Viewer is a web-based data visualization toolkit designed to streamline the exploration of data resulting from structural bioinformatics or computer-aided drug design efforts. By harnessing state-of-the-art web technologies such as WebAssembly, PlayMolecule Viewer integrates powerful Python libraries directly within the browser environment, whic

Mingxiang Gao, Sujith Raman, Zvonimir Sipus, Anja K. Skrivervik

Implantable wireless bioelectronic devices enable communication and/or power transfer through RF wireless connections with external nodes. These devices encounter notable design challenges due to the lossy nature of the host body, which significantly diminishes the radiation efficiency of the implanted antenna and tightens the wireless link budget. Prior res

Christian Lanegger, Helen Oleynikova, Michael Pantic, Lionel Ott

Aerial vehicles are no longer limited to flying in open space: recent work has focused on aerial manipulation and up-close inspection. Such applications place stringent requirements on state estimation: the robot must combine state information from many sources, including onboard odometry and global positioning sensors. However, flying close to or in contact

David J. Alspaugh, Jean-Noël Fuchs, Anna Ritz-Zwilling, Julien Vidal

We introduce low-energy effective models for dense configurations of vortices in the Kitaev honeycomb model. Specifically, we consider configurations of vortices in which vortex-free plaquettes form triangular lattices against a vortex-full background. Depending on the vortex density, these "dual" configurations belong to either one of two families classifie

Chris A. J. Klaassen

Classical mathematical statistics deals with models that are parametrized by a Euclidean, i.e. finite dimensional, parameter. Quite often such models have been and still are chosen in practical situations for their mathematical simplicity and tractability. However, these models are typically inappropriate since the implied distributional assumptions cannot b

Ana de Almeida Borges, Joost J. Joosten

We determine the strictly positive fragment $\mathsf{QPL}^+(\mathsf{HA})$ of the quantified provability logic $\mathsf{QPL}(\mathsf{HA})$ of Heyting Arithmetic. We show that $\mathsf{QPL}^+(\mathsf{HA})$ is decidable and that it coincides with $\mathsf{QPL}^+(\mathsf{PA})$, which is the strictly positive fragment of the quantified provability logic of of Pea

Tom Matty Bo Asmussen, Roman Höllwieser, Francesco Knechtli, Tomasz Korzec

We determine the scales $r_0$, $r_1$, the ratio $r_0/r_1$ for $N_f$ = 2 + 1 flavor QCD ensembles generated by CLS. These scales are determined from an improved definition of the static force, which we measure using Wilson loops and furthermore use to study the shape of the potential. Our analysis involves various continuum and chiral extrapolations of data t

Yewei Song, Saad Ezzini, Xunzhu Tang, Cedric Lothritz

Text-to-SQL, the task of translating natural language questions into SQL queries, is part of various business processes. Its automation, which is an emerging challenge, will empower software practitioners to seamlessly interact with relational databases using natural language, thereby bridging the gap between business needs and software capabilities. In this

Brian Sifringer, Alexandre Alahi

This paper explores the intersection of Discrete Choice Modeling (DCM) and machine learning, focusing on the integration of image data into DCM's utility functions and its impact on model interpretability. We investigate the consequences of embedding high-dimensional image data that shares isomorphic information with traditional tabular inputs within a DCM f

Niclas Boehmer, Piotr Faliszewski, Łukasz Janeczko, Dominik Peters

We study ways of evaluating the performance of losing projects in participatory budgeting (PB) elections by seeking actions that would have led to their victory. We focus on lowering the projects' costs, obtaining additional approvals for them, and asking supporters to refrain from approving other projects: The larger a change is needed, the less successful

Paola Comparin, Pedro Montero, Yulieth Prieto-Montañez, Sergio Troncoso

This article primarily aims at classifying, on certain K3 surfaces, the elliptic fibrations induced by conic bundles on smooth del Pezzo surfaces. The key geometric tool employed is the Alexeev-Nikulin correspondence between del Pezzo surfaces with log-terminal singularities of Gorenstein index two and K3 surfaces with non-symplectic involutions of elliptic

Jack Dippel, Max Dupré la Tour, April Niu, Sanjukta Roy

We study the computational complexity of the map redistricting problem (gerrymandering). Mathematically, the electoral district designer (gerrymanderer) attempts to partition a weighted graph into $k$ connected components (districts) such that its candidate (party) wins as many districts as possible. Prior work has principally concerned the special cases whe

Ingrid Strandberg, Axel Eriksson, Baptiste Royer, Mikael Kervinen

Homo- and heterodyne detection are fundamental techniques for measuring propagating electromagnetic fields. However, applying these techniques to stationary fields confined in cavities poses a challenge. As a way to overcome this challenge, we propose to use repeated indirect measurements of a two-level system interacting with the cavity. We demonstrate nume

Francesco Lagona, Marco Mingione

A nonhomogeneous hidden semi-Markov model is proposed to segment toroidal time series according to a finite number of latent regimes and, simultaneously, estimate the influence of time-varying covariates on the process' survival under each regime. The model is a mixture of toroidal densities, whose parameters depend on the evolution of a semi-Markov chain, w

Thomas J. Hamlyn, Chi Zhang, Igor Lesanovsky, Weibin Li

We investigate a tripartite quantum Rabi model (TQRM) wherein a bosonic mode concurrently couples to two spin-$1/2$ particles through a spin-spin interaction, resulting in a spin-spin-boson coupling -- a departure from conventional quantum Rabi models featuring bipartite spin-boson couplings. The symmetries of the TQRM depend on the detuning parameter, repre

Paolo Terranova, Shu-Yuan Liu, Sparsh Jain, Johan Engstrom

There is an increasing need to comprehensively characterize the kinematic performances of different Micromobility Vehicles (MMVs). This study aims to: 1) characterize the kinematic behaviors of different MMVs during emergency maneuvers; 2) explore the influence of different MMV power sources on the device performances; 3) investigate if piecewise linear mode

Markus Wess, Bernard Kapidani, Lorenzo Codecasa, Joachim Schöberl

We present a fundamental improvement of a high polynomial degree time domain cell method recently introduced by the last three authors. The published work introduced a method featuring block-diagonal system matrices where the block size and conditioning scaled poorly with respect to polynomial degree. The issue is herein bypassed by the construction of new b

Anika Dixit

Every year, substantial resources are allocated to foreign aid with the aim of catalyzing prosperity and development in recipient countries. The diverse body of research on the relationship between aid and gross domestic product (GDP) has yielded varying results, finding evidence of both positive, negative, and negligible associations between the two. This s

Guillaume Gbikpi-Benissan, Frédéric Magoulès

This paper introduces the application of the asynchronous iterations theory within the framework of the primal Schur domain decomposition method. A suitable relaxation scheme is designed, which asynchronous convergence is established under classical spectral radius conditions. For the usual case where the local Schur complement matrices are not constructed,

Longfei Li, Mingcheng Yang

A fluid in contact with a flat structureless wall constitutes the simplest interface system, but the fluid-wall interfacial tension cannot be trivially and even unequivocally determined due to the ambiguity in identifying the precise location of fluid-wall dividing surface. To resolve this long-standing problem, we here derive the interfacial tension from tw

Jiao Liu, Abhishek Gupta, Yew-Soon Ong

Transfer optimization enables data-efficient optimization of a target task by leveraging experiential priors from related source tasks. This is especially useful in multiobjective optimization settings where a set of trade-off solutions is sought under tight evaluation budgets. In this paper, we introduce a novel concept of \textit{inverse transfer} in multi

Youssef Allouah, Rachid Guerraoui, John Stephan

This position paper argues that achieving robustness, privacy, and efficiency simultaneously in machine learning systems is infeasible under prevailing threat models. The tension between these goals arises not from algorithmic shortcomings but from structural limitations imposed by worst-case adversarial assumptions. We advocate for a systematic research age