February 2024 arXiv papers — page 154

Jinlong Li, Baolu Li, Xinyu Liu, Runsheng Xu

The diverse agents in multi-agent perception systems may be from different companies. Each company might use the identical classic neural network architecture based encoder for feature extraction. However, the data source to train the various agents is independent and private in each company, leading to the Distribution Gap of different private data for trai

T. Abdilov, N. Akchurin, C. Carty, Y. Kazhykarim

$N$-on-$p$ silicon sensors will be utilized in the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector's tracker and High Granularity Calorimeter (HGCAL) in the High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). Among their several advantages in terms of radiation hardness over the traditional $p$-on-$n$ sensors in the extreme radiation environment of the HL-LH

Sreejata Kishor Bhattacharya, Arkadev Chattopadhyay, Pavel Dvořák

Proving super-polynomial lower bounds on the size of proofs of unsatisfiability of Boolean formulas using resolution over parities is an outstanding problem that has received a lot of attention after its introduction by Raz and Tzamaret [Ann. Pure Appl. Log.'08]. Very recently, Efremenko, Garl\'ik and Itsykson [ECCC'23] proved the first exponential lower bou

A. J. Gil, J. Galindo-Zaldívar, C. Sanz de Galdeano, M. J. Borque-Arancón

The Padul Fault is located in the Central Betic Cordillera, formed in the framework of the NW-SE Eurasian-African plate convergence. In the Internal Zone, large E-W to NE-SW folds of western Sierra Nevada accommodated the greatest NW-SE shortening and uplift of the cordillera. However, GPS networks reveal a present-day dominant E-W to NE-SW extensional setti

Nora Belrose, Quintin Pope, Lucia Quirke, Alex Mallen

The distributional simplicity bias (DSB) posits that neural networks learn low-order moments of the data distribution first, before moving on to higher-order correlations. In this work, we present compelling new evidence for the DSB by showing that networks automatically learn to perform well on maximum-entropy distributions whose low-order statistics match

A. Sánchez Alzola, C. Sánchez, J. Giménez, P. Alfaro García

In this paper, we present a first estimation, using the GIPSY-OASIS software, of the crustal velocity and strain rate fields in the Balearic Islands (Spain), based on continuous GPS observations from the XGAIB network spanning the period 2010-2013. The XGAIB network consists of nine permanent, widely distributed stations that have operated continuously since

Oleksandr V. Marchukov, Maxim Olshanii

In this article, we are interested in situations where the existence of a contiguous cascade of quantum resonant transitions is predicated on the validity of a particular statement in number theory. The setting is a tailored one-atom one-dimensional potential with a prescribed spectrum, under a weak periodic perturbation. The former is, by now, an experiment

Francisco J. Alonso, David Maldonado, Ana M. Aguilera, Juan B. Roldán

A powerful time series analysis modeling technique is presented to describe cycle-to-cycle variability in memristors. These devices show variability linked to the inherent stochasticity of device operation and it needs to be accurately modeled to build compact models for circuit simulation and design purposes. A new multivariate approach is proposed for the

Soheil Hor, Ying Qian, Mert Pilanci, Amin Arbabian

This paper introduces the first theoretical framework for quantifying the efficiency and performance gain opportunity size of adaptive inference algorithms. We provide new approximate and exact bounds for the achievable efficiency and performance gains, supported by empirical evidence demonstrating the potential for 10-100x efficiency improvements in both Co

Will Brian

Let $\sigma$ denote the shift automorphism on $\mathcal{P}(\omega) / \mathrm{fin}$, defined by setting $\sigma([A]) = [A+1]$ for all $A \subseteq \omega$. We show that the Continuum Hypothesis implies the shift automorphism $\sigma$ and its inverse $\sigma^{-1}$ are conjugate in the automorphism group of $\mathcal{P}(\omega) / \mathrm{fin}$. Due to work of v

Harshit Mehrotra, Jamie Callan, Zhen Fan

The ClueWeb22 dataset containing nearly 10 billion documents was released in 2022 to support academic and industry research. The goal of this project was to build retrieval baselines for the English section of the "super head" part (category B) of this dataset. These baselines can then be used by the research community to compare their systems and also to ge

Canyu Zhang, Youbao Tang, Ning Zhang, Ruei-Sung Lin

Dance serves as a powerful medium for expressing human emotions, but the lifelike generation of dance is still a considerable challenge. Recently, diffusion models have showcased remarkable generative abilities across various domains. They hold promise for human motion generation due to their adaptable many-to-many nature. Nonetheless, current diffusion-base

Pablo Lemos, Sammy Sharief, Esmeralda S. Whitammer, Salma Salhi

We propose a likelihood-free method for comparing two distributions given samples from each, with the goal of assessing the quality of generative models. The proposed approach, PQMass, provides a statistically rigorous method for assessing the performance of a single generative model or the comparison of multiple competing models. PQMass divides the sample s

Gabriel Siano, Leandro Peretti, Juan Manuel Marquez, Nazarena Pujato

Lateral flow immunoassays (LFIA) are widely used worldwide for the detection of different analytes because they combine multiple advantages such as low production cost, simplicity, and portability, which allows biomarkers detection without requiring infrastructure or highly trained personnel. Here we propose to provide solutions to the manufacturing process

Sarfaraz Equbal, Rohit Gurjar, Yatharth Kumar, Swaprava Nath

We study the problem of fairly assigning a set of discrete tasks (or chores) among a set of agents with additive valuations. Each chore is associated with a start and finish time, and each agent can perform at most one chore at any given time. The goal is to find a fair and efficient schedule of the chores, where fairness pertains to satisfying envy-freeness

Ashutosh Tripathi, Krista Lynne Smith, Paul J. Wiita, Robert V. Wagoner

In a previous paper, we reported evidence for quasi-periodicities in the \textsl{TESS} light curves of BL Lacerate and two other blazars found serendipitously in the SDSS AGN catalog. In this work, we find tentative evidence for quasi-periodic features in the \textsl{TESS} observations of five sources in the fourth catalog of the Fermi--LAT (4FGL) sources: J

Christian Acal, Juan E. Ruiz-Castro, Ana M. Aguilera, Francisco Jiménez-Molinos

A new statistical approach has been developed to analyze Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM) variability. The stochastic nature of the physical processes behind the operation of resistive memories makes variability one of the key issues to solve from the industrial viewpoint of these new devices. The statistical features of variability have been usually st

Javier Bilbao, Eugenio Bravo, Olatz Garcia, Carolina Rebollar

Technologies related to the Internet of Things (IoT) have seen remarkable growth in recent years. This has facilitated, among many other reasons, that monitoring systems have spread in many everyday areas, including both industry and the services and systems of the so-called smart home. These systems can also be applied in Engineering and in Education for th

Vittorio Aita, Mykyta Shevchenko, Francisco J. Rodríguez-Fortuño, Anatoly V. Zayats

In the field of structured light, the study of optical vortices and their vectorial extension--vectorial vortex beams--has garnered substantial interest due to their unique phase and polarisation properties, which make them appealing for many potential applications. Combining the advantages of vortex beams and anisotropic materials, new possibilities for ele

Michael McKenna, Hrushikesh N. Mhaskar, Richard G. Spencer

Motivated by applications in magnetic resonance relaxometry, we consider the following problem: Given samples of a function $t\mapsto \sum_{k=1}^K A_k\exp(-t\lambda_k)$, where $K\ge 2$ is an integer, $A_k\in\mathbb{R}$, $\lambda_k>0$ for $k=1,\cdots, K$, determine $K$, $A_k$'s and $\lambda_k$'s. Unlike the case in which the $\lambda_k$'s are purely imaginary

Michael Zhang, Kush Bhatia, Hermann Kumbong, Christopher Ré

Linear attentions have shown potential for improving Transformer efficiency, reducing attention's quadratic complexity to linear in sequence length. This holds exciting promise for (1) training linear Transformers from scratch, (2) "finetuned-conversion" of task-specific Transformers into linear versions that recover task performance, and (3) "pretrained-con

Josu Amorebieta, Ángel Ortega-Gómez, Rubén Fernández, José Enrique Antonio-López

In this paper, we report on a multicore fiber-based (MCF) temperature sensor that operates in a wide thermal range and that is robustly packaged to withstand harsh environments. To develop the sensor, the fundamentals concerning the effect of temperature on such fibers have been analyzed in detail to predict the most temperature sensitive MCF geometry. Thank

Qing He, Hsin-Hsiung Huang

Spatiotemporal data analysis with massive zeros is widely used in many areas such as epidemiology and public health. We use a Bayesian framework to fit zero-inflated negative binomial models and employ a set of latent variables from P\'olya-Gamma distributions to derive an efficient Gibbs sampler. The proposed model accommodates varying spatial and temporal

Huajun Xi, Jianguo Huang, Kangdao Liu, Lei Feng

Conformal prediction is an emerging technique for uncertainty quantification that constructs prediction sets guaranteed to contain the true label with a predefined probability. Previous works often employ temperature scaling to calibrate classifiers, assuming that confidence calibration benefits conformal prediction. However, the specific impact of confidenc

Mouna Dhaouadi, Bentley James Oakes, Michalis Famelis

Code commit messages can contain useful information on why a developer has made a change. However, the presence and structure of rationale in real-world code commit messages is not well studied. Here, we detail the creation of a labelled dataset to analyze the code commit messages of the Linux Kernel Out-Of-Memory Killer component. We study aspects of ration

Łukasz Tychoniec, Martijn L. van Gelder, Ewine F. van Dishoeck, Logan Francis

Accretion and ejection sets the outcome of the star and planet formation process. The mid-infrared wavelength range offers key tracers of those processes that were difficult to detect and spatially resolve in protostars until now. We aim to characterize the interplay between accretion and ejection in the low-mass Class I protobinary system TMC1, comprising t

Adam Subel, Laure Zanna

The current explosion in machine learning for climate has led to skilled, computationally cheap emulators for the atmosphere. However, the research for ocean emulators remains nascent despite the large potential for accelerating coupled climate simulations and improving ocean forecasts on all timescales. There are several fundamental questions to address tha

Guanbo Wang, Sean McGrath, Yi Lian

Researchers would often like to leverage data from a collection of sources (e.g., primary studies in a meta-analysis) to estimate causal effects in a target population of interest. However, traditional meta-analytic methods do not produce causally interpretable estimates for a well-defined target population. In this paper, we present the CausalMetaR R packag

Concepcion Varela, Carolina Rebollar, Olatz Garcia, Eugenio Bravo

In this world of the digital era, in which we are living, one of the fundamental competences that students must acquire is the competence in Computational Thinking (CT). Although there is no general consensus on a formal definition, there is a general understanding of it as a set of skills and attitudes necessary for the resolution, with or without a compute

Alberto Mercurio, Enrico Russo, Fabio Mauceri, Salvatore Savasta

Entanglement plays a crucial role in the development of quantum-enabled devices. One significant objective is the deterministic creation and distribution of entangled states, achieved, for example, through a mechanical oscillator interacting with confined electromagnetic fields. In this study, we explore a cavity resonator containing a two-sided perfect mirr

Islambek Saymanov

A new area of application of methods of algebra of logic and to valued logic, which has emerged recently, is the problem of recognizing a variety of objects and phenomena, medical or technical diagnostics, constructing modern machines, checking test problems, etc., which can be reduced to constructing an optimal extension of the logical function to the entir

Matthew T. Konnik, Trey Oldham, Allison Rzepka, Vincent Le Maout

The influence of nitrogen on the oxidation behavior of hot-pressed zirconium carbide was investigated using a flow-tube furnace at temperatures ranging from 1000 to 1600 {\deg}C. Mass gain, oxide formation characteristics, and oxide transitions were evaluated at various experimental conditions. Differences in oxidation behavior across the range of temperatur

Ana Meca, Luis A. Guardiola, Andrés Toledo

We introduce a new class of totally balanced cooperative TU games, namely p -additive games. It is inspired by the class of inventory games that arises from inventory situations with temporary discounts (Toledo, 2002) and contains the class of inventory cost games (Meca et al. 2003). It is shown that every p-additive game and its corresponding subgames have

Dor Bernsohn, Gil Semo, Yaron Vazana, Gila Hayat

In this study, we focus on two main tasks, the first for detecting legal violations within unstructured textual data, and the second for associating these violations with potentially affected individuals. We constructed two datasets using Large Language Models (LLMs) which were subsequently validated by domain expert annotators. Both tasks were designed spec

Manuel Suárez-Albela, Paula Fraga-Lamas, Tiago M. Fernández-Caramés, Adriana Dapena

This paper presents a novel home automation system named HASITE (Home Automation System based on Intelligent Transducer Enablers), which has been specifically designed to identify and configure transducers easily and quickly. These features are especially useful in situations where many transducers are deployed, since their setup becomes a cumbersome task th

Mengzhou Xia, Sadhika Malladi, Suchin Gururangan, Sanjeev Arora

Instruction tuning has unlocked powerful capabilities in large language models (LLMs), effectively using combined datasets to develop generalpurpose chatbots. However, real-world applications often require a specialized suite of skills (e.g., reasoning). The challenge lies in identifying the most relevant data from these extensive datasets to effectively dev

Zhenwen Liang, Kehan Guo, Gang Liu, Taicheng Guo

The paper introduces SceMQA, a novel benchmark for scientific multimodal question answering at the college entrance level. It addresses a critical educational phase often overlooked in existing benchmarks, spanning high school to pre-college levels. SceMQA focuses on core science subjects including Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. It features a

Iftikhar Ahmad, Ahsan Raza Khan, Abdul Jabbar, Muhammad Alquraan

The future wireless communication applications demand seamless connectivity, higher throughput, and low latency, for which the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band is considered a potential technology. Nevertheless, line-of-sight (LoS) is often mandatory for mmWave band communication, and it renders these waves sensitive to sudden changes in the environment. Theref

P. Abolmasov, A. V. Biryukov, S. B. Popov

In this paper we review the basics of magneto-rotational properties of neutron stars focusing on spin-up/spin-down behavior at different evolutionary stages. The main goal is to provide equations for the spin frequency changes in various regimes (radio pulsar, propeller, accretor, etc.). Since presently spin behavior of neutron stars at all stages remains a

Dalya Baron, Karin M. Sandstrom, Erik Rosolowsky, Oleg V. Egorov

The PHANGS survey uses ALMA, HST, VLT, and JWST to obtain an unprecedented high-resolution view of nearby galaxies, covering millions of spatially independent regions. The high dimensionality of such a diverse multi-wavelength dataset makes it challenging to identify new trends, particularly when they connect observables from different wavelengths. Here we u

Geronimo L. Villanueva, Thomas J. Fauchez, Vincent Kofman, Eleonora Alei

Radiative transfer (RT) models are critical in the interpretation of exoplanetary spectra, in simulating exoplanet climates and when designing the specifications of future flagship observatories. However, most models differ in methodologies and input data, which can lead to significantly different spectra. In this paper, we present the experimental protocol

Luis A. Guardiola, Ana Meca, Justo Puerto

In this paper we introduce a new class of cooperative games that arise from production-inventory problems. Several agents have to cover their demand over a finite time horizon and shortages are allowed. Each agent has its own unit production, inventory-holding and backlogging cost. Cooperation among agents is given by sharing production processes and warehou

Orestis Loukas, Ho Ryun Chung

Effect size estimates are thought to capture the collective, two-way response to an intervention or exposure in a three-way problem among the intervention/exposure, various confounders and the outcome. For meaningful causal inference from the estimated effect size, the joint distribution of observed confounders must be identical across all intervention/expos

Muhammad Mohsin Altaf, Saadat Ullah Khan, Muhammad Majd, Syed Muhammad Anwar

This paper presents an innovative approach to recognizing personality traits using deep learning (DL) methods applied to electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. Within the framework of detecting the big five personality traits model encompassing extra-version, neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness, the research explores the potential of ECG-de

Zhenyu Liu, Garrett Gagnon, Swagath Venkataramani, Liu Liu

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have revolutionized a wide range of industries, from healthcare and finance to automotive, by offering unparalleled capabilities in data analysis and decision-making. Despite their transforming impact, DNNs face two critical challenges: the vulnerability to adversarial attacks and the increasing computational costs associated with

Weiming Ren, Huan Yang, Ge Zhang, Cong Wei

Image-to-video (I2V) generation aims to use the initial frame (alongside a text prompt) to create a video sequence. A grand challenge in I2V generation is to maintain visual consistency throughout the video: existing methods often struggle to preserve the integrity of the subject, background, and style from the first frame, as well as ensure a fluid and logi

Yannick Neyt, James Parkinson, Hendrik Van Maldeghem, Magali Victoor

An automorphism of a spherical building is called \textit{domestic} if it maps no chamber onto an opposite chamber. This paper forms a significant part of a large project classifying domestic automorphisms of spherical buildings of exceptional type. In previous work the classifications for $\mathsf{G}_2$, $\mathsf{F}_4$ and $\mathsf{E}_6$ have been completed

Alessandro D'Elia, Boulos Alfakes, Anas Alkhazaleh, Leonardo Banchi

In this paper we report the use of superconducting transmon qubit in a 3D cavity for quantum machine learning and photon counting applications. We first describe the realization and characterization of a transmon qubit coupled to a 3D resonator, providing a detailed description of the simulation framework and of the experimental measurement of important para

Ana M Aguilera, Christian Acal, M Carmen Aguilera-Morillo, Francisco Jiménez-Molinos

The homogeneity problem for testing if more than two different samples come from the same population is considered for the case of functional data. The methodological results are motivated by the study of homogeneity of electronic devices fabricated by different materials and active layer thicknesses. In the case of normality distribution of the stochastic p

Yui Hayashi, Yuya Tanizaki

We study QCD vacuum structure with the topological $\theta$ angle using a recently proposed semiclassical approach on $\mathbb{R}^2 \times T^2$ with the 't Hooft and baryon magnetic fluxes. Under the assumption of adiabatic continuity in this setup, the confining vacuum can be described by the dilute gas of center vortices. With this semiclassical approach,

Saied Zarrinmehr, Ergun Akleman, Jianer Chen

One of the theoretically intriguing problems in computer-aided geometric modeling comes from the stitching of the tensor product Bezier patches. When they share an extraordinary vertex, it is not possible to obtain continuity C1 or G1 along the edges emanating from that extraordinary vertex. Unfortunately, this stitching problem cannot be solved by using hig

Haicheng Liao, Shangqian Liu, Yongkang Li, Zhenning Li

In the burgeoning field of autonomous vehicles (AVs), trajectory prediction remains a formidable challenge, especially in mixed autonomy environments. Traditional approaches often rely on computational methods such as time-series analysis. Our research diverges significantly by adopting an interdisciplinary approach that integrates principles of human cognit

Erik Gustafson, Ruth Van de Water

We developed a Hamiltonian inspired by ASQTAD and highly improved staggered quark (HISQ) actions and show how these Hamiltonians can be used for quantum simulations. Gate costs for the time evolution of these improved Hamiltonians are provided as well as a demonstration of the reduction of lattice spacing errors using the 1+1d lattice Schwinger model.

Swagat S. Mishra, Varun Sahni

We introduce a new class of hilltop and plateau potentials which can successfully unify inflation and dark energy resulting in Quintessential Inflation (QI). Interestingly these new potentials are related through an inverse transformation. Namely, if $V(\phi) = V_0 \, v(\phi)$ is a plateau potential then the inverse potential $V(\phi) = V_0 \, \left[v(\phi)\

Chengyu Huang, Zeqiu Wu, Yushi Hu, Wenya Wang

While recent Large Language Models (LLMs) have proven useful in answering user queries, they are prone to hallucination, and their responses often lack credibility due to missing references to reliable sources. An intuitive solution to these issues would be to include in-text citations referring to external documents as evidence. While previous works have di

Bishnu Karki, Kai Chen, Pavan Hosur

The nonlinear Hall effect (NLHE), an emergent response in systems with broken inversion symmetry, provides a powerful tool for probing topological transport properties. In this context, we investigate copper-substituted lead apatite (LK-99), a material that initially garnered attention for its controversial claim of room-temperature superconductivity. Despit

Nashanty G. C. Brunken, Will R. M. Rocha, Ewine F. van Dishoeck, Robert Gutermuth

The structure and composition of simple ices can be modified during stellar evolution by protostellar heating. Key to understanding the involved processes are thermal and chemical tracers that can diagnose the history and environment of the ice. The 15.2 $\mu$m bending mode of $^{12}$CO$_2$ has proven to be a valuable tracer of ice heating events but suffers

Yong Zheng, Kirill Tchernyshyov, Knut Olsen, Yumi Choi

The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is home to many HII regions, which may lead to significant outflows. We examine the LMC's multiphase gas ($T\sim10^{4-5}$ K) in HI, SII, SiIV, and CIV using 110 stellar sight lines from the HST's Ultraviolet Legacy Library of Young Stars as Essential Standards (ULLYSES) program. We develop a continuum fitting algorithm based

Zhongtian Dong, Kyoungchul Kong, Konstantin T. Matchev, Katia Matcheva

The stransverse mass variable $M_{T2}$ was originally proposed for the study of hadron collider events in which $N=2$ parent particles are produced and then decay semi-invisibly. Here we consider the generalization to the case of $N\ge 3$ semi-invisibly decaying parent particles. We introduce the corresponding class of kinematic variables $M_{TN}$ and illust

Fabian Pichler, Wilhelm Kadow, Clemens Kuhlenkamp, Michael Knap

Spin-ordered states close to metal-insulator transitions are poorly understood theoretically and challenging to probe in experiments. Here, we propose that the quantum twisting microscope, which provides direct access to the energy-momentum resolved spectrum of single-particle and collective excitations, can be used as a novel tool to distinguish between dif

Gongjun Choi, Wenqi Ke, Keith A. Olive

The inflationary reheating phase begins when accelerated expansion ends. As all Standard Model particles are coupled to gravity, gravitational interactions will lead to particle production. This includes the thermal bath, dark matter and gravitational radiation. Here, we compute the spectrum of gravitational waves from the inflatoncondensate during the initi

Delon Shen, Emmanuel Schaan, Simone Ferraro

Upcoming surveys will measure the cosmic microwave background (CMB) weak lensing power spectrum in exquisite detail, allowing for strong constraints on the sum of neutrino masses among other cosmological parameters. Standard CMB lensing power spectrum estimators aim to extract the connected non-Gaussian trispectrum of CMB temperature maps. However, they are

Xiaoyi Liu, Jorge E. Santos, Toby Wiseman

We consider four-dimensional Euclidean gravity in a finite cavity. Dirichlet conditions do not yield a well-posed elliptic system, and Anderson has suggested boundary conditions that do. Here we point out that there exists a one-parameter family of boundary conditions, parameterized by a constant $p$, where a suitably Weyl rescaled boundary metric is fixed,

Ritesh Ghosh, Igor A. Shovkovy

We derive a general expression for the fermion self-energy in a hot magnetized plasma by using the Landau-level representation. In the one-loop approximation, the Dirac structure of the self-energy is characterized by five different functions that depend on the Landau-level index $n$ and the longitudinal momentum $p_z$. We derive general expressions for all

Ricardo Cepedello, Fabian Esser, Martin Hirsch, Veronica Sanz

Searches for anomalous neutral triple gauge boson couplings (NTGCs) provide important tests for the gauge structure of the standard model. In SMEFT ("standard model effective field theory") NTGCs appear only at the level of dimension-8 operators. While the phenomenology of these operators has been discussed extensively in the literature, renormalizable UV mo

Dionysios Anninos, Damián A. Galante, Chawakorn Maneerat

We study the static patch of de Sitter space in the presence of a timelike boundary. We impose that the conformal class of the induced metric and the trace of the extrinsic curvature, $K$, are fixed at the boundary. We present the thermodynamic structure of de Sitter space subject to these boundary conditions, for static and spherically symmetric configurati

Giulia Golini, Mireia Montes, Eleazar R. Carrasco, Javier Román

A number of scenarios have been proposed to explain the low velocity dispersion (and hence possible absence of dark matter) of the low surface brightness galaxies NGC1052-DF2 and NGC1052-DF4. Most of the proposed mechanisms are based on the removal of dark matter via the interaction of these galaxies with other objects. A common feature of these processes is

Matthew Ho, Deaglan J. Bartlett, Nicolas Chartier, Carolina Cuesta-Lazaro

This paper presents the Learning the Universe Implicit Likelihood Inference (LtU-ILI) pipeline, a codebase for rapid, user-friendly, and cutting-edge machine learning (ML) inference in astrophysics and cosmology. The pipeline includes software for implementing various neural architectures, training schemata, priors, and density estimators in a manner easily

Hui Liu, Kang Yang, Ahmed Abouelkomsan, Zhao Liu

Recent observations of the fractional anomalous quantum Hall effect in moir\'e materials have reignited the interest in fractional Chern insulators (FCIs). The chiral limit in which analytic Landau level-like single-particle states form an ``ideal" Chern band and local interactions lead to Laughlin-like FCIs at $1/3$ filling, has been very useful for underst

Yu Du, Fangyun Wei, Hongyang Zhang

We introduce AnyTool, a large language model agent designed to revolutionize the utilization of a vast array of tools in addressing user queries. We utilize over 16,000 APIs from Rapid API, operating under the assumption that a subset of these APIs could potentially resolve the queries. AnyTool primarily incorporates three elements: an API retriever with a h

Quan Sun, Jinsheng Wang, Qiying Yu, Yufeng Cui

Scaling up contrastive language-image pretraining (CLIP) is critical for empowering both vision and multimodal models. We present EVA-CLIP-18B, the largest and most powerful open-source CLIP model to date, with 18-billion parameters. With only 6-billion training samples seen, EVA-CLIP-18B achieves an exceptional 80.7% zero-shot top-1 accuracy averaged across

Jannis Vamvas, Rico Sennrich

Minimum Bayes Risk (MBR) decoding is a text generation technique that has been shown to improve the quality of machine translations, but is expensive, even if a sampling-based approximation is used. Besides requiring a large number of sampled sequences, it requires the pairwise calculation of a utility metric, which has quadratic complexity. In this paper, w

Aloïs Duguet, Margarida Carvalho, Gabriele Dragotto, Sandra Ulrich Ngueveu

We propose a framework to compute approximate Nash equilibria in integer programming games with nonlinear payoffs, i.e., simultaneous and non-cooperative games where each player solves a parametrized mixed-integer nonlinear program. We prove that using absolute approximations of the players' objective functions and then computing its Nash equilibria is equiv

Mantas Mazeika, Long Phan, Xuwang Yin, Andy Zou

Automated red teaming holds substantial promise for uncovering and mitigating the risks associated with the malicious use of large language models (LLMs), yet the field lacks a standardized evaluation framework to rigorously assess new methods. To address this issue, we introduce HarmBench, a standardized evaluation framework for automated red teaming. We id

Jongho Park, Jaeseung Park, Zheyang Xiong, Nayoung Lee

State-space models (SSMs), such as Mamba (Gu & Dao, 2023), have been proposed as alternatives to Transformer networks in language modeling, by incorporating gating, convolutions, and input-dependent token selection to mitigate the quadratic cost of multi-head attention. Although SSMs exhibit competitive performance, their in-context learning (ICL) capabiliti

Xiangru Tang, Qiao Jin, Kunlun Zhu, Tongxin Yuan

AI scientists powered by large language models have demonstrated substantial promise in autonomously conducting experiments and facilitating scientific discoveries across various disciplines. While their capabilities are promising, these agents also introduce novel vulnerabilities that require careful consideration for safety. However, there has been limited

Tao E. Li

A remote energy transfer pathway from electronic to vibrational degrees of freedom is identified inside an infrared optical cavity under vibrational strong coupling conditions. This mechanism relies on the dynamical Casimir effect, whereby real infrared photons are generated due to a sudden electronic transition of anisotropic molecules. Moreover, the format

Xuegang Li, Junhua Wang, Yao-Yao Jiang, Guang-Ming Xue

Correlated errors may devastate quantum error corrections that are necessary for the realization of fault-tolerant quantum computation. Recent experiments with superconducting qubits indicate that they can arise from quasiparticle (QP) bursts induced by cosmic-ray muons and {\gamma}-rays. Here, we use charge-parity jump and bit flip for monitoring QP bursts

Gregory Arone, Tobias Barthel, Drew Heard, Beren Sanders

We prove a thick subcategory theorem for the category of $d$-excisive functors from finite spectra to spectra. This generalizes the Hopkins-Smith thick subcategory theorem (the $d=1$ case) and the $C_2$-equivariant thick subcategory theorem (the $d=2$ case). We obtain our classification theorem by completely computing the Balmer spectrum of compact $d$-excis

Pouya Samanipour, Hasan A. Poonawala

This paper introduces an algorithm for approximating the invariant set of closed-loop controlled dynamical systems identified using ReLU neural networks or piecewise affine PWA functions, particularly addressing the challenge of providing safety guarantees for ReLU networks commonly used in safety-critical applications. The invariant set of PWA dynamical sys

Peter Bubenik, Jose A. Velez-Marulanda

We define exact weights on a triangulated category to be nonnegative functions on objects satisfying a subadditivity condition with respect to exact triangles. Such weights induce a metric on objects in the triangulated category, which we call a path metric. Our exact weights generalize the rank functions of J.\ Chuang and A.\ Lazarev and are analogous to th

Helen Byrne, Heather Harrington, Alexey Ovchinnikov, Gleb Pogudin

Differential equation models are crucial to scientific processes. The values of model parameters are important for analyzing the behaviour of solutions. A parameter is called globally identifiable if its value can be uniquely determined from the input and output functions. To determine if a parameter estimation problem is well-posed for a given model, one mu

Sara García-de-Villa, Ana Jiménez-Martín, J. Jesús García-Domínguez

The location of the center of rotation (COR) of joints is a key parameter in multiple applications of human motion analysis. The aim of this work was to propose a novel real-time estimator of the center of fixed joints using an inertial measurement unit (IMU). Since the distance to this center commonly varies during the joint motion due to soft tissue artifa

Adjorn van Engelenhoven, Nicola Strisciuglio, Estefanía Talavera

The Transformer architecture has shown to be a powerful tool for a wide range of tasks. It is based on the self-attention mechanism, which is an inherently computationally expensive operation with quadratic computational complexity: memory usage and compute time increase quadratically with the length of the input sequences, thus limiting the application of T

Orkhan Khankishiyev, Saeed Salehi

The increasing global demand for electricity and the imperative of achieving sustainable and net-zero energy solutions have underscored the importance of exploring alternative sources. Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) have emerged as a promising avenue for renewable and sustainable energy production. However, the development of EGS faces a significant chall

Eyob A. Sete, Vinay Tripathi, Joseph A. Valery, Daniel Lidar

We analyze the experimental error budget of parametric resonance gates in a tunable coupler architecture. We identify and characterize various sources of errors, including incoherent, leakage, amplitude, and phase errors. By varying the two-qubit gate time, we explore the dynamics of these errors and their impact on the gate fidelity. To accurately capture t

Emma Hogan, Alex Scott, Youri Tamitegama, Jane Tan

For a graph $G$, the $k$-colouring graph of $G$ has vertices corresponding to proper $k$-colourings of $G$ and edges between colourings that differ at a single vertex. The graph supports the Glauber dynamics Markov chain for $k$-colourings, and has been extensively studied from both extremal and probabilistic perspectives. In this note, we show that for ever

Ji Qi, Ming Ding, Weihan Wang, Yushi Bai

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated their broad effectiveness thanks to extensive training in aligning visual instructions to responses. However, such training of conclusive alignment leads models to ignore essential visual reasoning, further resulting in failures in meticulous visual problems and unfaithful responses. Drawing inspiration from hu

Yeganeh Aghamohammadi, Amin Rezaei

In a zero-trust fabless paradigm, designers are increasingly concerned about hardware-based attacks on the semiconductor supply chain. Logic locking is a design-for-trust method that adds extra key-controlled gates in the circuits to prevent hardware intellectual property theft and overproduction. While attackers have traditionally relied on an oracle to att

Rajnandan Choudhury Das, Samir Khan, Thilagaraj R, Kanhaiya Pandey

The well-known sub-Doppler polarization gradient cooling in type-I transition ($F_e=F_g+1$) is caused by red-detuned lasers. On the other hand, in type-II transition ($F_e\le F_g$), sub-Doppler cooling takes place through blue-detuned lasers. This opposite behavior for the two types of transitions is due to SGC. In the absence of SGC, both types of transitio

Dewang Xu, Si-Yue Yu

We analyzed the deconvolved surface brightness profiles of 247 massive and angularly large disk galaxies at $1\leq z\leq 3$ to study high-redshift disk breaks, using F356W-band images from the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science survey (CEERS). We found that 12.6% of these galaxies exhibit type I (exponential) profiles, 56.7% exhibit type II (down-bending

Ciaran Regan, Nanami Iwahashi, Shogo Tanaka, Mizuki Oka

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated a number of human-like abilities, however the empathic understanding and emotional state of LLMs is yet to be aligned to that of humans. In this work, we investigate how the emotional state of generative LLM agents evolves as they perceive new events, introducing a novel architecture in which new experiences are

Ajeet Kumar, Subhamoy Maitra

Construction of a large class of Mutually Unbiased Bases (MUBs) for non-prime power composite dimensions ($d = k\times s$) is a long standing open problem, which leads to different construction methods for the class Approximate MUBs (AMUBs) by relaxing the criterion that the absolute value of the dot product between two vectors chosen from different bases sh

Elena Manjavacas, Pascal Tremblin, Stephan Birkmann, Jeff Valenti

Spectra of young benchmark brown dwarfs with well-known ages are vital to characterize other brown dwarfs, for which ages are in general not known. These spectra are also crucial to test atmospheric models which have the potential to provide detailed information about the atmospheres of these objects. However, to optimally test atmospheric models, medium-res

Geoffrey Cideron, Sertan Girgin, Mauro Verzetti, Damien Vincent

We propose MusicRL, the first music generation system finetuned from human feedback. Appreciation of text-to-music models is particularly subjective since the concept of musicality as well as the specific intention behind a caption are user-dependent (e.g. a caption such as "upbeat work-out music" can map to a retro guitar solo or a techno pop beat). Not onl

Junfei Li, Simon X. Yang

Fish schools present high-efficiency group behaviors through simple individual interactions to collective migration and dynamic escape from the predator. The school behavior of fish is usually a good inspiration to design control architecture for swarm robots. In this paper, a novel fish-inspired self-adaptive approach is proposed for collective escape for t

Reid Barton

We give a simple diagrammatic proof of the Frobenius property for generic fibrations, that does not depend on any additional structure on the interval object such as connections.

Juan Mauricio Torres, József Zsolt Bernád, Rocío Gómez-Rosas

Entanglement between distant quantum systems is a critical resource for implementing quantum communication. This property is affected by external agents and can be restored by employing efficient entanglement purification protocols. In this work, we propose an entanglement purification protocol based on two entangling two-qubit operations that replace the us

A. Mercuri-Baron, A. A. Mironov, C. Riconda, A. Grassi

It was suggested [A. R. Bell & J. G. Kirk, PRL 101, 200403 (2008)] that an avalanche of electron-positron pairs can be triggered in the laboratory by a standing wave generated by intense laser fields. Here, we present a general solution to the long-standing problem of the avalanche growth rate calculation. We provide a simple formula that accounts for the da

Johannes Albrecht, Florian Bernlochner, Alexander Lenz, Aleksey Rusov

In this article, we review the current status of $B$-mixing and $b$-hadron lifetimes both from experimental and theoretical points of view. Furthermore, we discuss the phenomenological potential of these observables for deepening our understanding of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and for indirect searches for effects beyond the Standard Model (SM). In additio