April 2024 arXiv papers — page 165

Yong Li, Guangbin Ren, Haiyan Wang

In this article, we investigate how the Witt basis serves as a link between real and complex variables in higher-dimensional spaces. Our focus is on the detailed construction of the Witt basis within the tensor product space combining Clifford algebra and multiple octonionic spaces. This construction effectively introduces complex coordinates. The technique

Jenny Pettersson, Elias Hult, Tim Eriksson, Tosin Adewumi

We present insightful results of a survey on the adoption of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) by university teachers in their teaching activities. The transformation of education by GenAI, particularly large language models (LLMs), has been presenting both opportunities and challenges, including cheating by students. We prepared the online survey a

Maxim Gurevich, Emile Okada

Weak Arthur packets have long been instrumental in the study of the unitary dual and automorphic spectrum of reductive Lie groups, and were recently introduced in the p-adic setting by Ciubotaru - Mason-Brown - Okada. For split odd orthogonal and symplectic p-adic groups, we explicitly determine the decomposition of weak Arthur packets into Arthur packets th

Matteo Gasparin, Ruodu Wang, Aaditya Ramdas

The problem of combining p-values is an old and fundamental one, and the classic assumption of independence is often violated or unverifiable in many applications. There are many well-known rules that can combine a set of arbitrarily dependent p-values (for the same hypothesis) into a single p-value. We show that essentially all these existing rules can be s

Erik Orvehed Hiltunen, Bryn Davies

We consider the resonance and scattering properties of a composite medium containing scatterers whose properties are modulated in time. When excited with an incident wave of a single frequency, the scattered field consists of a family of coupled harmonics at frequencies differing by the frequency of temporal modulation. Similarly, the temporal modulation ind

Adam Pardyl, Michał Wronka, Maciej Wołczyk, Kamil Adamczewski

Active Visual Exploration (AVE) is a task that involves dynamically selecting observations (glimpses), which is critical to facilitate comprehension and navigation within an environment. While modern AVE methods have demonstrated impressive performance, they are constrained to fixed-scale glimpses from rigid grids. In contrast, existing mobile platforms equi

Ohad Vilk, Michael Assaf

We study the long-time dynamics in non-Markovian single-population stochastic models, where one or more reactions are modelled as a stochastic process with a fat-tailed non-exponential distribution of waiting times, mimicking long-term memory. We focus on three prototypical examples: genetic switching, population establishment and population extinction, all

Brian E. Mapes

The conceptual landscape of convection has two simple gateways: optimal function and random form. Optimal convection adjusts toward a univariate ideal called neutrality. Convection form involves elements (parcels, bubbles, drafts) whose most parsimonious assumption is random. Between these gates lies a wilderness of realizable flow configurations. The only s

Hiroyasu Tajima, Ryuji Takagi

Gibbs-preserving operations have been studied as one of the standard free processes in quantum thermodynamics. Although they admit a simple mathematical structure, their operational significance has been unclear due to the potential hidden cost to implement them using an operatioanlly motivated class of operations, such as thermal operations. Here, we show t

Yong Li, Guangbin Ren

This article provides a thorough investigation into Gilbert's Conjecture, pertaining to Hardy spaces in the upper half-space valued in Clifford modules. We explore the conjecture proposed by Gilbert in 1991, which seeks to extend the classical principle of representing real $L^p$ functions on the real line as boundary values of Hardy holomorphic functions to

Dawit Mureja Argaw, Mattia Soldan, Alejandro Pardo, Chen Zhao

Movie trailers are an essential tool for promoting films and attracting audiences. However, the process of creating trailers can be time-consuming and expensive. To streamline this process, we propose an automatic trailer generation framework that generates plausible trailers from a full movie by automating shot selection and composition. Our approach draws

Matteo Castiglioni, Junjie Chen, Minming Li, Haifeng Xu

The main result of this paper is an almost approximation-preserving polynomial-time reduction from the most general multi-parameter Bayesian contract design (BCD) to single-parameter BCD. That is, for any multi-parameter BCD instance $I^M$, we construct a single-parameter instance $I^S$ such that any $\beta$-approximate contract (resp. menu of contracts) of

Benjamin Steinberg

The goal of this paper is to use topological methods to compute $\mathrm{Ext}$ between irreducible representations of von Neumann regular monoids in which Green's $\mathscr L$- and $\mathscr J$-relations coincide (e.g., left regular bands). Our results subsume those of S.~Margolis, F.~Saliola, and B.~Steinberg, \emph{Combinatorial topology and the global dim

Rita Pucci, Vincent J. Kalkman, Dan Stowell

With fine-grained classification, we identify unique characteristics to distinguish among classes of the same super-class. We are focusing on species recognition in Insecta, as they are critical for biodiversity monitoring and at the base of many ecosystems. With citizen science campaigns, billions of images are collected in the wild. Once these are labelled

Sohir Maskey, Gitta Kutyniok, Ron Levie

We study the generalization capabilities of Message Passing Neural Networks (MPNNs), a prevalent class of Graph Neural Networks (GNN). We derive generalization bounds specifically for MPNNs with normalized sum aggregation and mean aggregation. Our analysis is based on a data generation model incorporating a finite set of template graphons. Each graph within

Lukas Michel, Alex Scott

We investigate the number of maximal independent set queries required to reconstruct the edges of a hidden graph. We show that randomised adaptive algorithms need at least $\Omega(\Delta^2 \log(n / \Delta) / \log \Delta)$ queries to reconstruct $n$-vertex graphs of maximum degree $\Delta$ with success probability at least $1/2$, and we further improve this l

Farnaz Kohankhaki, D. B. Emerson, Jacob-Junqi Tian, Laleh Seyyed-Kalantari

Bias in large language models (LLMs) has many forms, from overt discrimination to implicit stereotypes. Counterfactual bias evaluation is a widely used approach to quantifying bias and often relies on template-based probes that explicitly state group membership. It aims to measure whether the outcome of a task performed by an LLM is invariant to a change in

Joel Diaz Maier, Katharina Gaus, Joachim Wagner

We exemplarily investigate how optical properties of single scatterers in interacting multi-particle systems influence measurable structure factors. Both particles with linear gradients of their scattering length density and core-shell structures evoke characteristic deviations between the weighted sum $\langle S(Q)\rangle$ of partial structure factors in a

Jiamin Li, Wenliang Zhang

We prove a K\"{u}nneth formula for local cohomology of a Segr\'{e} product of graded modules supported in a Segr\'{e} product of ideals. In order to apply our formula to the study of cohomological dimension, we also investigate asymptotic behaviors of Eulerian graded $\scr{D}$-modules.

Nathan Strachen, John H. Booske, Nader Behdad

Antennas operating at the high-frequency (HF) band (3-30 MHz) are frequently electrically small due to the large wavelength of electromagnetic waves (10-100 m). However, the bandwidth-efficiency products of passively matched electrically small antennas (ESAs) are fundamentally limited. Wideband HF waveforms using bandwidths of 24 kHz or more have recently re

Elisa Continelli, Cristina Pignotti

In this note, we analyze an abstract evolution equation with time-dependent time delay and time-dependent delay feedback coefficient. We assume that the operator corresponding to the nondelayed part of the model generates an exponentially stable semigroup. Under an appropriate assumption on the delay feedback, we prove the well-posedness and an exponential s

Alessandro Pini, Paolo Vallarino

We consider the $4d$ $\mathcal{N}=2$ superconformal quiver gauge theory obtained by a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ orbifold of $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills (SYM). By exploiting supersymmetric localization, we study the integrated correlator of two Coulomb branch and two moment map operators and the integrated correlator of four moment map operators, determining exact

Chao Zhang, Massimo Boninsegni, Anatoly Kuklov, Nikolay Prokof'ev

Superclimbing modes are hallmark degrees of freedom of transverse quantum fluids describing wide superfluid one-dimensional interfaces and/or edges with negligible Peierls barrier. We report the first direct numeric evidence of quantum shape fluctuations -- caused by superclimbing modes -- in simple lattice models, as well as at the free edge of an incomplet

Thomas Ward

Patrick Moss (1947--2024) had two distinct lives as a mathematician. The first was as a ring theorist in the late 1970s, in which he worked with Ginn and Lenagan as a student. After a long career as an inspirational mathematics teacher, Patrick completed a doctorate under my supervision in 2003. This led to a second mathematical life in arithmetic dynamics a

Khaled Qazaqzeh, Nafaa Chbili

We prove that the Jones diameter of a link is twice its crossing number whenever the breadth of its Jones polynomial equals the difference between the crossing number and the Turaev genus. This implies that such link is adequate, as per the characterization provided in [5, Theorem 1.1]. By combining this with the result in [1, Theorem 3.2], we obtain a chara

Lei Zhou, Haozhe Wang, Zhengshen Zhang, Zhiyang Liu

In the realm of robotic grasping, achieving accurate and reliable interactions with the environment is a pivotal challenge. Traditional methods of grasp planning methods utilizing partial point clouds derived from depth image often suffer from reduced scene understanding due to occlusion, ultimately impeding their grasping accuracy. Furthermore, scene recons

Davide Pizzirani, Thom Ottenbros, Maró van Rijssel, Oleksandr Zheliuk

The superconducting transition metal dichalcogenides 2H-NbSe$_2$ and 2H-NbS$_2$ are intensively studied on account of their unique electronic properties such as Ising superconductivity, found in multi- and monolayers, with upper critical fields beyond the Pauli limit. Even in bulk crystals, there are reports of multiband superconductivity and exotic states,

Philippe Kupper, Maximilian Stegemeyer

The string topology coproduct is often perceived as a counterpart in string topology to the Chas-Sullivan product. However, in certain aspects the string topology coproduct is much harder to understand than the Chas-Sullivan product. In particular the coproduct is not homotopy-invariant and it seems much harder to compute. In this article we give an overview

Yongmin Yoon, Jongwan Ko, Haeun Chung, Woowon Byun

To enhance our understanding of the impact of galaxy mergers on the kinematics of early-type galaxies (ETGs), we examine differences in specific stellar angular momentum within the half-light radius ($\lambda_{R_e}$) among ETGs with different types of tidal features and those without such features. This is accomplished by categorizing tidal features, which s

U. Geppert

Millisecond pulsars (MSPs) are believed to be very old neutron stars (NSs) whose age may exceed significantly $10^8$ yrs. Although cooling scenarios of isolated NSs predict for that age a surface temperature $T_s\sim 10^4$ K, observations of the nearest MSP J0437-4715 indicate $T_s$ well above that value. Besides the heating of the polar cap surface by backf

Lucas Villagra Torcomian

In this paper we study equation $$(x-dr)^5+\cdots+x^5+\cdots+(x+dr)^5=y^p$$ under the condition $\gcd(x,r)=1$. We present a recipe for proving the non-existence of non-trivial integer solutions of the above equation, and as an application we obtain explicit results for the cases $d=2,3$ (the case $d=1$ was already solved). We also prove an asymptotic result

Damian van de Heisteeg

We explore the landscape of F-theory compactifications on Calabi--Yau fourfolds whose complex structure moduli space is the thrice-punctured sphere. As a first part, we enumerate all such Calabi--Yau fourfolds under the additional requirement that it has a large complex structure and conifold point at two of the punctures. We find 14 monodromy tuples by dema

Ivan A. Sevostianov, Ofer Feinerman

The concept of emergence, or synergy in its simplest form, is widely used but lacks a rigorous definition. Our work connects information and set theory to uncover the mathematical nature of synergy as the failure of distributivity. It resolves the persistent self-contradiction of information decomposition theory and reinstates it as a primary route toward a

A. Scolaro, E. Brunetto, C. Fiorina

Zircaloy cladding corrosion in Light Water Reactors (LWRs) results in the formation of an outer oxide layer and in the thinning of the metallic portion of the cladding. At the \'Ecole Polytechnique F\'ed\'erale de Lausanne (EPFL), we aim to investigate the impact of asymmetric oxide or crud layers and their feedback on thermal-hydraulics. To achieve this, we

Ingo Steinwart

We investigate the conditional distributions of two Banach space valued, jointly Gaussian random variables. In particular, we show that these conditional distributions are again Gaussian and that their means and covariances can be determined by a general finite dimensional approximation scheme. Here, it turns out that the covariance operators occurring in th

Antonio Azzollini, Pietro d'Avenia, Alessio Pomponio

In this paper we study the equation \[ -\Delta u +(\log |\cdot|*|u|^2)u=(\log|\cdot|*|u|^q)|u|^{q-2}u, \qquad \hbox{ in }\mathbb{R}^2, \] where $8/3 < q < 4$. By means of variational arguments, we find infinitely many radially symmetric classical solutions. The main difficulties rely on the competition between the two nonlocal terms and on the presence of lo

Dongang Wang, Peilin Liu, Hengrui Wang, Heidi Beadnall

Training deep neural networks reliably requires access to large-scale datasets. However, obtaining such datasets can be challenging, especially in the context of neuroimaging analysis tasks, where the cost associated with image acquisition and annotation can be prohibitive. To mitigate both the time and financial costs associated with model development, a cl

Sara Pollock, L. Ridgway Scott

We explore the possibility of simulating the grade-two fluid model in a geometry related to a contraction rheometer, and we provide details on several key aspects of the computation. We show how the results can be used to determine the viscosity $\nu$ from experimental data. We also explore the identifiability of the grade-two parameters $\alpha_1$ and $\alp

Eduardo Pérez, Cemil Emre Ardic, Ozan Çakıroğlu, Kevin Jacob

The digital transformation is fundamentally changing our industries, affecting planning, execution as well as monitoring of production processes in a wide range of application fields. With product line-ups becoming more and more versatile and diverse, the necessary inspection and monitoring sparks significant novel requirements on the corresponding Nondestru

F. La Barbera, A. Vazdekis, A. Pasquali, J. Heidt

We present new H- and K-band spectroscopy for the bulge of M31, taken with the LUCI spectrograph at the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT). We studied radial trends of CO absorption features (namely, CO1.58, CO1.60, CO1.64, CO1.66, CO1.68, CO2.30, CO2.32, CO2.35) in the bulge of M31, out to a galactocentric distance of 100'' (380pc). We find that most COs do no

T. Mehner, L. E. Ardila-Perez, M. N. Balzer, O. Sander

In the context of the CMS Phase-2 tracker back-end processing system, two mezzanines based on the Zynq Ultrascale+ Multi-Processor System-on-Chip (MPSoC) device have been developed to serve as centralized slow control and board management solution for the Serenity-family \textcolor{black}{Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture (ATCA)} blades. Thi

Chuyu Zhang, Hui Ren, Xuming He

Deep clustering, which learns representation and semantic clustering without labels information, poses a great challenge for deep learning-based approaches. Despite significant progress in recent years, most existing methods focus on uniformly distributed datasets, significantly limiting the practical applicability of their methods. In this paper, we propose

D. H. Jakubassa-Amundsen

Modifying the numerical codes, dispersion corrections to the beam-normal spin asymmetry which arise from low-lying transient nuclear excitations up to 30 MeV, are estimated for collision energies between 50 MeV and 1 GeV. A nonperturbative calculation of vacuum polarization and the vertex plus self-energy correction, using optimized potentials, indicates tha

Marcel Menner, Karl Berntorp

This paper proposes an algorithm for combined contact detection and state estimation for legged robots. The proposed algorithm models the robot's movement as a switched system, in which different modes relate to different feet being in contact with the ground. The key element in the proposed algorithm is an interacting multiple-model Kalman filter, which ide

Martin Waltz, Ostap Okhrin, Michael Schultz

Urban air mobility is an innovative mode of transportation in which electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) vehicles operate between nodes called vertiports. We outline a self-organized vertiport arrival system based on deep reinforcement learning. The airspace around the vertiport is assumed to be circular, and the vehicles can freely operate inside.

Zhihao Chen, Yiyuan Ge

The goal of occluded person re-identification (ReID) is to retrieve specific pedestrians in occluded situations. However, occluded person ReID still suffers from background clutter and low-quality local feature representations, which limits model performance. In our research, we introduce a new framework called PAB-ReID, which is a novel ReID model incorpora

Frank Pallas, Katharina Koerner, Isabel Barberá, Jaap-Henk Hoepman

Privacy engineering is gaining momentum in industry and academia alike. So far, manifold low-level primitives and higher-level methods and strategies have successfully been established. Still, fostering adoption in real-world information systems calls for additional aspects to be consciously considered in research and practice.

Sean McLeish, Avi Schwarzschild, Tom Goldstein

We evaluate ChatGPT's ability to solve algorithm problems from the CLRS benchmark suite that is designed for GNNs. The benchmark requires the use of a specified classical algorithm to solve a given problem. We find that ChatGPT outperforms specialist GNN models, using Python to successfully solve these problems. This raises new points in the discussion about

Wenrui Li, Min Li, An Liu, Tony Xiao Han

This paper introduces a cooperative sensing framework designed for integrated sensing and communication cellular networks. The framework comprises one base station (BS) functioning as the sensing transmitter, while several nearby BSs act as sensing receivers. The primary objective is to facilitate cooperative target localization by enabling each receiver to

Jessica L. Rosenberg, Nancy Holincheck, Michele Colandene

Efforts to build the workforce in support of the second quantum revolution are growing, including the creation of education programs that will prepare students for jobs in this area. We surveyed 186 undergraduate students with majors across the STEM disciplines and followed up with group interviews to understand their perspectives. The project was designed t

Rodrigo Alonso, Despoina Dimakou, Mia West

The gauge group of strong and electroweak interactions in Nature could be any of the four that share the same Lie algebra, $SU(3)_c\times SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y/Z_p\equiv G_p$ with $Z_p=\left\{Z_6,Z_3,Z_2,Z_1\right\}$. Each of these cases allows in its spectrum for the matter fields of the SM but also for new distinctive representations, e.g. under the assumpt

Tinatin Osmonova, Alexey Tikhonov, Ivan P. Yamshchikov

With the rise of computational social science, many scholars utilize data analysis and natural language processing tools to analyze social media, news articles, and other accessible data sources for examining political and social discourse. Particularly, the study of the emergence of echo-chambers due to the dissemination of specific information has become a

Luca Comanducci, Fabio Antonacci, Augusto Sarti

Deep learning models are widely applied in the signal processing community, yet their inner working procedure is often treated as a black box. In this paper, we investigate the use of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques to learning-based end-to-end speech source localization models. We consider the Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP) tech

Fatemeh Ebrahimi, Xinyan Wu, Maurice Pfeiffer, Hagen Renner

The generation and utilization of hot charge carriers in plasmonic materials have emerged as a topic of significant importance, with profound implications across multiple disciplines, including optoelectronics, photovoltaics, photocatalysis, and sensing. In this study, we investigate the hot electron transfer from nanoporous gold (npAu) in dependence of the

Florian Frantzen, Michael T. Schaub

Triggered by limitations of graph-based deep learning methods in terms of computational expressivity and model flexibility, recent years have seen a surge of interest in computational models that operate on higher-order topological domains such as hypergraphs and simplicial complexes. While the increased expressivity of these models can indeed lead to a bett

Xiaofeng Zhang, Xiaoyi Tian, Qingxiang Xu

For every idempotent $Q$ on a Hilbert space $H$, the matched projection $m(Q)$ is a well-established concept. This paper explores several applications of the matched projections. The first application addresses the distances from projections on $H$ to a given idempotent $Q$. Using $m(Q)$, a complete characterization of these distances is established, coverin

Jian Leng, Yi-Xin Shen, Zhou-Kai Cao, Xiang-Bin Wang

Optical telescopes are powerful eyes for terrestrial and astronomical detection. Here we propose a new detection method with high efficiency, strong robustness and super precision, as an enhanced technique for optical telescopes in angular locating. In detail, our method requests only small number of incident single-photons, holds strong fault tolerance to a

Philipp Altmann, Katharina Winter, Michael Kölle, Maximilian Zorn

Recent advances in multi-agent systems (MAS) have shown that incorporating peer incentivization (PI) mechanisms vastly improves cooperation. Especially in social dilemmas, communication between the agents helps to overcome sub-optimal Nash equilibria. However, incentivization tokens need to be carefully selected. Furthermore, real-world applications might yi

Krishnendu Chatterjee, Ehsan Kafshdar Goharshady, Petr Novotný, Đorđe Žikelić

We consider the problems of statically refuting equivalence and similarity of output distributions defined by a pair of probabilistic programs. Equivalence and similarity are two fundamental relational properties of probabilistic programs that are essential for their correctness both in implementation and in compilation. In this work, we present a new method

Zhengyuan Liu, Stella Xin Yin, Carolyn Lee, Nancy F. Chen

Intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) that imitate human tutors and aim to provide immediate and customized instructions or feedback to learners have shown their effectiveness in education. With the emergence of generative artificial intelligence, large language models (LLMs) further entitle the systems to complex and coherent conversational interactions. Thes

Marija Šakota, Isaac Johnson, Guosheng Feng, Robert West

An edit summary is a succinct comment written by a Wikipedia editor explaining the nature of, and reasons for, an edit to a Wikipedia page. Edit summaries are crucial for maintaining the encyclopedia: they are the first thing seen by content moderators and they help them decide whether to accept or reject an edit. Additionally, edit summaries constitute a va

Frederik L. Dennig, Lucas Joos, Patrick Paetzold, Daniela Blumberg

Categorical data does not have an intrinsic definition of distance or order, and therefore, established visualization techniques for categorical data only allow for a set-based or frequency-based analysis, e.g., through Euler diagrams or Parallel Sets, and do not support a similarity-based analysis. We present a novel dimensionality reduction-based visualiza

Ilir Tahiraj, Felix Fent, Philipp Hafemann, Egon Ye

State-of-the-art LiDAR calibration frameworks mainly use non-probabilistic registration methods such as Iterative Closest Point (ICP) and its variants. These methods suffer from biased results due to their pair-wise registration procedure as well as their sensitivity to initialization and parameterization. This often leads to misalignments in the calibration

Mateusz Gajewski, Adam Karczmarz, Mateusz Rapicki, Piotr Sankowski

In this paper, we consider a perturbation-based metric of predictive faithfulness of feature rankings (or attributions) that we call PGI squared. When applied to decision tree-based regression models, the metric can be computed accurately and efficiently for arbitrary independent feature perturbation distributions. In particular, the computation does not inv

Hongruixuan Chen, Jian Song, Chengxi Han, Junshi Xia

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) and Transformers have made impressive progress in the field of remote sensing change detection (CD). However, both architectures have inherent shortcomings: CNN are constrained by a limited receptive field that may hinder their ability to capture broader spatial contexts, while Transformers are computationally intensive, m

Xian-Gai Deng, Yu-Gang Ma

This study investigates the multiplicity information entropy of hadrons, anti-hadrons, baryons, and net-protons in central \(^{197}\)Au+\(^{197}\)Au collisions with impact parameters of 0$-$3 fm, using the ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics model (UrQMD) across various center-of-mass energies (\(\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}\)) from 5.0 to 54.4 GeV. Our simula

Loujun Yu, Yongtao Li, Yuejian Peng

A well-known result of Nosal states that a graph $G$ with $m$ edges and $\lambda(G) > \sqrt{m}$ contains a triangle. Nikiforov [Combin. Probab. Comput. 11 (2002)] extended this result to cliques by showing that if $\lambda (G) > \sqrt{2m(1-1/r)}$, then $G$ contains a copy of $K_{r+1}$. Let $C_k^+$ be the graph obtained from a cycle $C_k$ by adding an edge to

Roger Koenker, Jiaying Gu

Empirical Bayes methods offer valuable tools for a large class of compound decision problems. In this tutorial we describe some basic principles of the empirical Bayes paradigm stressing their frequentist interpretation. Emphasis is placed on recent developments of nonparametric maximum likelihood methods for estimating mixture models. A more extensive intro

Andreea Ardelean, Mert Özer, Bernhard Egger

Single-view 3D reconstruction is currently approached from two dominant perspectives: reconstruction of scenes with limited diversity using 3D data supervision or reconstruction of diverse singular objects using large image priors. However, real-world scenarios are far more complex and exceed the capabilities of these methods. We therefore propose a hybrid m

Subhajit Chattopadhyay

Use of copula for the purpose of modeling dependence has been receiving considerable attention in recent times. On the other hand, search for multivariate copulas with desirable dependence properties also is an important area of research. When fitting regression models to non-Gaussian longitudinal data, multivariate Gaussian copula is commonly used to accoun

Hernán Ceferino Vázquez, Jorge Sanchez, Rafael Carrascosa

Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) has become increasingly popular in recent years due to its ability to reduce the amount of time and expertise required to design and develop machine learning systems. This is very important for the practice of machine learning, as it allows building strong baselines quickly, improving the efficiency of the data scientists,

Huimin Dong

Information pooling has been extensively formalised across various logical frameworks in distributed systems, characterized by diverse information-sharing patterns. These approaches generally adopt an intersection perspective, aggregating all possible information, regardless of whether it is known or unknown to the agents. In contrast, this work adopts a uni

Daniel Klötzl, Tim Krake, Frank Heyen, Michael Becher

The depiction of scanpaths from mobile eye-tracking recordings by thumbnails from the stimulus allows the application of visual computing to detect areas of interest in an unsupervised way. We suggest using nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) to identify such areas in stimuli. For a user-defined integer k, NMF produces an explainable decomposition into k

Joanna Marciniak, Mirosław Werwiński

In previous experiments, thin films of L1$\mathrm{_0}$ FeNi with different surfaces, including (001), (110) and (111), were produced and studied. Each surface defines a different alignment of the crystallographic tetragonal axis with respect to the film's plane, resulting in different magnetic anisotropies. In this study, we use density functional theory cal

Naoya Sogi, Hiroyuki Oyama, Takashi Shibata, Makoto Terao

Automating long-horizon tasks with a robotic arm has been a central research topic in robotics. Optimization-based action planning is an efficient approach for creating an action plan to complete a given task. Construction of a reliable planning method requires a design process of conditions, e.g., to avoid collision between objects. The design process, howe

Jooyoung Lee, Fan Yang, Thanh Tran, Qian Hu

We introduce a novel framework, LM-Guided CoT, that leverages a lightweight (i.e., <1B) language model (LM) for guiding a black-box large (i.e., >10B) LM in reasoning tasks. Specifically, the lightweight LM first generates a rationale for each input instance. The Frozen large LM is then prompted to predict a task output based on the rationale generated by th

Kirolos Ataallah, Xiaoqian Shen, Eslam Abdelrahman, Essam Sleiman

This paper introduces MiniGPT4-Video, a multimodal Large Language Model (LLM) designed specifically for video understanding. The model is capable of processing both temporal visual and textual data, making it adept at understanding the complexities of videos. Building upon the success of MiniGPT-v2, which excelled in translating visual features into the LLM

Charles Dawson, Anjali Parashar, Chuchu Fan

Before autonomous systems can be deployed in safety-critical applications, we must be able to understand and verify the safety of these systems. For cases where the risk or cost of real-world testing is prohibitive, we propose a simulation-based framework for a) predicting ways in which an autonomous system is likely to fail and b) automatically adjusting th

Shuo Chen, Zhen Han, Bailan He, Zifeng Ding

Various jailbreak attacks have been proposed to red-team Large Language Models (LLMs) and revealed the vulnerable safeguards of LLMs. Besides, some methods are not limited to the textual modality and extend the jailbreak attack to Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) by perturbing the visual input. However, the absence of a universal evaluation benchmark

Le Zhang, Jing Ding, Hanxiao Xiang, Naitian Liu

Ferroelectricity is intriguing for its spontaneous electric polarization, which is switchable by an external electric field. Expanding ferroelectric materials to two-dimensional limit will provide versatile applications for the development of next-generation nonvolatile devices. Conventional ferroelectricity requires the materials consisting of at least two

Yuzhen Qin, Ahmed El-Gazzar, Danielle S. Bassett, Fabio Pasqualetti

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders globally, affecting millions of individuals. Despite significant advancements, the precise mechanisms underlying this condition remain largely unknown, making accurately predicting and preventing epileptic seizures challenging. In this paper, we employ a bistable model, where a stable equilibrium and

Fan Wu, Patrick Langer, Jinjoo Shim, Elgar Fleisch

Circadian rhythms govern biological patterns that follow a 24-hour cycle. Dysfunctions in circadian rhythms can contribute to various health problems, such as sleep disorders. Current circadian rhythm assessment methods, often invasive or subjective, limit circadian rhythm monitoring to laboratories. Hence, this study aims to investigate scalable consumer-ce

Chunyi Li, Tengchuan Kou, Yixuan Gao, Yuqin Cao

With the rapid advancements in AI-Generated Content (AIGC), AI-Generated Images (AIGIs) have been widely applied in entertainment, education, and social media. However, due to the significant variance in quality among different AIGIs, there is an urgent need for models that consistently match human subjective ratings. To address this issue, we organized a ch

Shan Hu

In $(d+1)$-dimensional $1$-form nonabelian gauge theories, we classify nontrivial $0$-form bundles in $ \mathbb{R}^{d} $, which yield configurations of $D(d-2j)$-branes wrapping $(d-2j)$-cycles $c_{d-2j} $ in $Dd$-branes. We construct the related defect operators $ U^{(2j-1)} ( c_{d-2j} ) $, which are disorder operators carrying the $D(d-2j)$ charge. We comp

Savely G. Karshenboim

We consider the angle in mathematics and arrive at a conclusion that there are two concepts on the issue. One is a descriptive geometrical one, while the other is from functional analysis. They are somewhat different, allow for different options, and both are legitimate and in use. Their difference may cause certain confusions. While the `geometrical angle'

Mihail N. Kolountzakis, Emmanuil Spyridakis

We prove that any finite union $P$ of interior-disjoint polytopes in ${\mathbb R}^d$ has the Pompeiu property, a result first proved by Williams [Wil76]. This means that if a continuous function $f$ on $R^d$ integrates to 0 on any congruent copy of $P$ then $f$ is identically 0. By a fundamental result of Brown, Schreiber and Taylor [BST73] this is equivalen

Mehmet Hüseyin Temel, Boris Skoric, Idelfonso Tafur Monroy

Entropically Secure Encryption (ESE) offers unconditional security with shorter keys compared to the One-Time Pad. In this paper, we present the first implementation of ESE for bulk encryption. The main computational bottleneck for bulk ESE is a multiplication in a very large finite field. This involves multiplication of polynomials followed by modular reduc

Savely G. Karshenboim

I discuss various aspects of the concept of a quantity in physics and metrology and related consideration in reference documents of IUPAP, IUPAC, ISO, IEC, and JCGM.

Amarnath Nandy, Ayanendranath Basu, Abhik Ghosh

Traditional methods for linear regression generally assume that the underlying error distribution, equivalently the distribution of the responses, is normal. Yet, sometimes real life response data may exhibit a skewed pattern, and assuming normality would not give reliable results in such cases. This is often observed in cases of some biomedical, behavioral,

Hema Anilkumar, Blesson Mathew, V. Jithesh, Sreeja S. Kartha

Herbig Ae/Be (HAeBe) stars are intermediate-mass pre-main sequence stars, characterized by infrared excess and emission lines. They are observed to emit X-rays, whose origin is a matter of discussion and not settled yet. X-ray emission is not expected in HAeBe stars, as they lack the sub-surface convective zone. In this study, we retrieved observations from

Jin Tan, Hiroyuki Tsurumi, Xin Zhang

In this paper, we investigate the well-posedness and ill-posedness issues for the incompressible stationary Hall-magnetohydrodynamic (Hall-MHD) system in $\mathbb{R}^3.$ We first show the existence and uniqueness of solutions provided with the forces in $\dot B^{3/p-3}_{p,r}(\mathbb{R}^3)$ for $1\leq p <3$ and $r=1$. Moreover, this result can be extended to

Joseph S. Picard, Amitay Bar, Ronen Talmon

Covariance fitting (CF) is a comprehensive approach for direction of arrival (DoA) estimation, consolidating many common solutions. Standard practice is to use Euclidean criteria for CF, disregarding the intrinsic Hermitian positive-definite (HPD) geometry of the spatial covariance matrices. We assert that this oversight leads to inherent limitations. In thi

Sung-Soo Byun, Peter J. Forrester, Jaeseong Oh

The eigenvalue probability density function of the Gaussian unitary ensemble permits a $q$-extension related to the discrete $q$-Hermite weight and corresponding $q$-orthogonal polynomials. A combinatorial counting method is used to specify a positive sum formula for the spectral moments of this model. The leading two terms of the scaled $1/N^2$ genus-type e

Shubham Kumar Goswami, Konduri Aditya

The discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method is widely being used to solve hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDEs) due to its ability to provide high-order accurate solutions in complex geometries, capture discontinuities, and exhibit high arithmetic intensity. However, the scalability of DG-based solvers is impeded by communication bottlenecks arising fr

Dawit Mureja Argaw, Seunghyun Yoon, Fabian Caba Heilbron, Hanieh Deilamsalehy

Long-form video content constitutes a significant portion of internet traffic, making automated video summarization an essential research problem. However, existing video summarization datasets are notably limited in their size, constraining the effectiveness of state-of-the-art methods for generalization. Our work aims to overcome this limitation by capital

Hui Wang, Yan-Jun Zhao, Xun-Wei Xu

We propose a theoretical scheme to realize the controllable non-Hermitian qubit-qubit coupling by adding a high-loss resonator in tunable coupling superconducting quantum circuit. By changing the effective qubit-qubit coupling, phase and amplitude of resonator-qubit interaction, and the qubits' quantum states, we can continually tune the energy level attract

Mohamed Nedal, Kamen Kozarev, Rositsa Miteva, Oleg Stepanyuk

We present a comprehensive characterization of 26 CME-driven compressive waves known as Coronal Bright Fronts (CBFs) observed in the low solar corona between 2010 and 2017. These CBFs have been found to be associated with SEP events near Earth, indicating their importance in understanding space weather phenomena. The aim of this study is to analyze and descr

Guojie Hu, Qingqing Wu, Donghui Xu, Kui Xu

Movable antenna (MA) technology is highly promising for improving communication performance, due to its advantage of flexibly adjusting positions of antennas to reconfigure channel conditions. In this paper, we investigate MAs-assisted secure transmission under a legitimate transmitter Alice, a legitimate receiver Bob and multiple eavesdroppers. Specifically

Izumi Fujimori, Masaki Oono, Masami Shishibori

In weakly-supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) using only image-level class labels, a problem with CNN-based Class Activation Maps (CAM) is that they tend to activate the most discriminative local regions of objects. On the other hand, methods based on Transformers learn global features but suffer from the issue of background noise contamination. This pap

Julien Narboux, Walther Neuper, Pedro Quaresma

The ThEdu series pursues the smooth transition from an intuitive way of doing mathematics at secondary school to a more formal approach to the subject in STEM education, while favouring software support for this transition by exploiting the power of theorem-proving technologies. What follows is a brief description of how the present volume contributes to thi