May 2024 arXiv papers — page 124

Pavel Etingof, Eric Rains

An important function attached to a complex simple Lie group $G$ is its asymptotic character $X(\lambda,x)$ (where $\lambda,x$ are real (co)weights of $G$) - the Fourier transform in $x$ of its Duistermaat-Heckman function $DH_\lambda(p)$ (continuous limit of weight multiplicities). It is shown in arXiv:2312.03101 that the best $\lambda$-independent upper bo

Rida Ait El Manssour, Gleb Pogudin

The ideal of the arc scheme of a double point or, equivalently, the differential ideal generated by the ideal of a double point is a primary ideal in an infinite-dimensional polynomial ring supported at the origin. This ideal has a rich combinatorial structure connecting it to singularity theory, partition identities, representation theory, and differential

M. Babiker, J. Yuan, K. Koksal, V. E. Lembessis

We respond to the recent comment in Optics Communications by Kayn Forbes on our recent Optics Communications article and we maintain that, contrary to what Forbes claims, substantial superchirality exists as a property of the $m\geq 1$ higher order Poincare modes. Forbes arguments are based on misconceptions and analytical errors, leading to erroneous result

Stephanie Monty, Vasily Belokurov, Jason L. Sanders, Terese T. Hansen

We combine stellar orbits with the abundances of the heavy, $r$-process element europium and the light, $\alpha$-element, silicon to separate in-situ and accreted populations in the Milky Way across all metallicities. At high orbital energy, the accretion-dominated halo shows elevated values of [Eu/Si], while at lower energies, where many of the stars were b

Satvik Maurya, Chaithanya Naik Mude, Benjamin Lienhard, Swamit Tannu

Frequency-multiplexing is an effective method to achieve resource-efficient superconducting qubit readout. Allowing multiple resonators to share a common feedline, the number of cables and passive components involved in the readout of a qubit can be drastically reduced. However, this improvement in scalability comes at the price of a crucial non-ideality --

Khawlah Bajbaa, Muhammad Usman, Saeed Anwar, Ibrahim Radwan

In recent years, street view imagery has grown to become one of the most important sources of geospatial data collection and urban analytics, which facilitates generating meaningful insights and assisting in decision-making. Synthesizing a street-view image from its corresponding satellite image is a challenging task due to the significant differences in app

Omar Ulises Reyes-Amador, Jacopo Fritz, Omaira González-Martín, Sundar Srinivasan

Spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting is one of most commonly used techniques to study the dust properties in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). Works implementing this technique commonly use radiative transfer models that assume a variety of dust properties. Despite the key role of this aspect, limited effort has been put forward to explore the chemical com

Pratap Chandra Adak, Subhajit Sinha, Amit Agarwal, Mandar M. Deshmukh

Berry curvature physics and quantum geometric effects have been instrumental in advancing topological condensed matter physics in recent decades. Although Landau level-based flat bands and conventional 3D solids have been pivotal in exploring rich topological phenomena, they are constrained by their limited ability to undergo dynamic tuning. In stark contras

Matthijs Mars, Marta M. Betcke, Jason D. McEwen

With the next generation of interferometric telescopes, such as the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), the need for highly computationally efficient reconstruction techniques is particularly acute. The challenge in designing learned, data-driven reconstruction techniques for radio interferometry is that they need to be agnostic to the varying visibility coverages

Subrata Ghosh, Massimiliano Righi, Andrea Macrelli, Giorgio Divitini

In pulsed laser deposition, along the traditionally exploited deposition on the front-side of the plasma-plume, a coating forms on the surface of the target as well. For reproducibility, this residue is usually cleaned and discarded. Here we instead investigate the target-side coated materials and employ them as a binder-free supercapacitor electrode. The ba

R. C. Silva, R. L. Silva, J. C. Moreira, W. A. Moura-Melo

The Skyrmion Hall Effect (SkHE) observed in ferromagnetic (FM) and ferrimagnetic (FI) skyrmions traveling due to a spin-polarized current can be a problematic issue when it comes to technological applications. By investigating the properties of FI skyrmions in racetracks through computational simulations, we have described the nature of their movement based

Tyler Ingebrand, Adam J. Thorpe, Ufuk Topcu

Autonomous systems often encounter environments and scenarios beyond the scope of their training data, which underscores a critical challenge: the need to generalize and adapt to unseen scenarios in real time. This challenge necessitates new mathematical and algorithmic tools that enable adaptation and zero-shot transfer. To this end, we leverage the theory

Chen Chen

This report introduces two recent measurements of semileptonic $b$-hadron decays at the LHCb experiment, including a test of Lepton Flavour Universality (LFU) using $\bar{B}^0 \to D^{(*)+} l^- \bar{\nu}_l$ decays where $l\in\{\mu,\tau\}$, and a study of the $D^{*+}$ longitudinal polarisation in the $\bar{B}^0 \to D^{*+} \tau^- \bar{\nu}_\tau$ decay. With the

Simon Guichandut, Michael Zingale, Andrew Cumming

We perform the first multidimensional fluid simulations of thermonuclear helium ignition underneath a hydrogen-rich shell. This situation is relevant to Type I X-ray bursts on neutron stars that accrete from a hydrogen-rich companion. Using the low Mach number fluid code MAESTROeX, we investigate the growth of the convection zone due to nuclear burning, and

Fulvia Pucci, Alkendra Singh, Uma Gorti, Marco Velli

Partially-ionized plasmas consist of charged and neutral particles whose mutual collisions modify magnetic reconnection compared with the fully-ionized case. The collisions alter the rate and locations of the magnetic dissipation heating and the distribution of energies among the particles accelerated into the non-thermal tail. We examine the collisional reg

Behrooz Mirzaii, Elvis Torres Pérez

In this article we study the low dimensional homology of the projective linear group $\textrm{PGL}_2(A)$ over a commutative ring $A$. In particular, we prove a Bloch-Wigner type exact sequence over local domains. As applications we prove that $H_2(\textrm{PGL}_2(A),\mathbb{Z}\left[\frac{1}{2}\right])\simeq K_2(A)\left[\frac{1}{2}\right]$ and $H_3(\textrm{PGL

Hongzhi Guo, Ian F. Akyildiz

The growing prominence of eXtended Reality (XR), holographic-type communications, and metaverse demands truly immersive user experiences by using many sensory modalities, including sight, hearing, touch, smell, taste, etc. Additionally, the widespread deployment of sensors in areas such as agriculture, manufacturing, and smart homes is generating diverse sen

Behdokht Kiafar, Salam Daher, Shayla Sharmin, Asif Ahmmed

An emergent challenge in geriatric care is improving the quality of care, which requires insight from stakeholders. Qualitative methods offer detailed insights, but they can be biased and have limited generalizability, while quantitative methods may miss nuances. Network-based approaches, such as quantitative ethnography (QE), can bridge this methodological

Minh Tam Hoang, Nithin Mathew, Daniel N. Blaschke, Saryu Fensin

Helium bubbles can form in materials upon exposure to irradiation. It is well known that the presence of helium bubbles can cause changes in the mechanical behavior of materials. To improve the lifetime of nuclear components, it is important to understand deformation mechanisms in helium-containing materials. In this work, we investigate the interactions bet

L. Kueß, E. Paunzen, N. Faltová, D. Jadlovský

Context. The chemically peculiar (CP) stars of the upper main sequence are defined by spectral peculiarities that indicate unusual elemental abundance patterns in the presence of diffusion in the calm, stellar atmospheres. Some of them have a stable local magnetic field of up to several kiloGauss. The pre-main-sequence evolution of these objects is still a m

Samir D. Mathur

We argue that the vacuum of quantum gravity must contain a hierarchical structure of correlations spanning all length scales. These correlated domains (called `vecros') correspond to virtual fluctuations of black hole microstates. Larger fluctuations are suppressed by their larger action, but this suppression is offset by a correspondingly larger phase space

Yao Fu

Transformer-based long context generative models power emerging AI applications like hour-long video understanding and project-level coding agent. Deploying long context transformers (e.g., 100K to 10M tokens) is prohibitively expensive compared to short context (e.g., 4K tokens) model variants. Reducing the cost of long-context transformers is becoming a pr

Mathilde Bouvel, Luca Ferrari, Bridget Eileen Tenner

We define a partial order $\mathcal{P}_n$ on permutations of any given size $n$, which is the image of a natural partial order on inversion sequences. We call this the ``middle order''. We demonstrate that the poset $\mathcal{P}_n$ refines the weak order on permutations and admits the Bruhat order as a refinement, justifying the terminology. These middle ord

Tugce Pekacar Calci, Serhat Emirhan Soycan

Let $R$ be a ring with identity and $\delta(R)$ denote the Zhou radical of $R$. A ring $R$ is called {\it $\delta$-reversible} if for any $a$, $b \in R$, $ab = 0$ implies $ba \in \delta(R)$. In this paper, we give some properties of $\delta$-reversible rings. We examine some extensions of $\delta$-reversible rings.

Brian García Sarmina, Guo-Hua Sun, Shi-Hai Dong

This study investigates the efficacy of Stochastic Hill Climbing with Random Restarts (SHC-RR) compared to Local Search (LS) strategies within the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) framework across various problem models. Employing uniform parameter settings, including the number of restarts and SHC steps, we analyze LS with two distinct pert

Stefan Klus, Nataša Djurdjevac Conrad

The Koopman operator has entered and transformed many research areas over the last years. Although the underlying concept$\unicode{x2013}$representing highly nonlinear dynamical systems by infinite-dimensional linear operators$\unicode{x2013}$has been known for a long time, the availability of large data sets and efficient machine learning algorithms for est

Elisa Bäumer, Victor Gitton, Tamás Kriváchy, Nicolas Gisin

Characterizing the set of distributions that can be realized in the triangle network is a notoriously difficult problem. In this work, we investigate inner approximations of the set of local (classical) distributions of the triangle network. A quantum distribution that appears to be nonlocal is the Elegant Joint Measurement (EJM) [Entropy. 2019; 21(3):325],

Quanquan C. Liu, Grigoris Velegkas, Yuichi Yoshida, Felix Zhou

In many real-world applications, it is undesirable to drastically change the problem solution after a small perturbation in the input, as unstable outputs can lead to costly transaction fees, privacy and security concerns, reduced user trust, and lack of replicability. Despite the widespread application of graph algorithms, many classical algorithms are not

Yaxin Xu, Prabhat Jandhyala, Sho C. Takatori

Colloidal building blocks with re-configurable shapes and dynamic interactions can exhibit unusual self-assembly behaviors and pathways. In this work, we consider the phase behavior of colloids coated with surface-mobile polymer brushes that behave as "dynamic surfactants." Unlike traditional polymer-grafted colloids, we show that colloids coated with dynami

Yingjun Tian, Guoxin Fang, Renbo Su, Weiming Wang

For the shape control of deformable free-form surfaces, simulation plays a crucial role in establishing the mapping between the actuation parameters and the deformed shapes. The differentiation of this forward kinematic mapping is usually employed to solve the inverse kinematic problem for determining the actuation parameters that can realize a target shape.

S. A. Franchino-Viñas, S. Mignemi

We review recent discussions concerning the definition of a quantum field theory in a curved and noncommutative space, the Snyder--de Sitter space. For a quartic self-interacting scalar field in a spacetime of arbitrary dimension, we show how to perturbatively define the classical action in the small-deformation regime and give its explicit first-order expre

Hansi Abeynanda, Chathuranga Weeraddana, Carlo Fischione

We investigate a novel characteristic of the conjugate function associated to a generic convex optimization problem, which can subsequently be leveraged for efficient dual decomposition methods. In particular, under mild assumptions, we show that there is a specific region in the domain of the conjugate function such that for any point in the region, there i

Alexandre Englebert, Anne-Sophie Collin, Olivier Cornu, Christophe De Vleeschouwer

This paper proposes leveraging vision-language pretraining on bone X-rays paired with French reports to address downstream tasks of interest on bone radiography. A practical processing pipeline is introduced to anonymize and process French medical reports. Pretraining then consists in the self-supervised alignment of visual and textual embedding spaces deriv

Zachary Friggstad, Mohsen Rezapour, Mohammad R. Salavatipour, Hao Sun

We study the classic \textsc{(Uncapacitated) Facility Location} problem on Unit Disk Graphs (UDGs). For a given point set $P$ in the plane, the unit disk graph UDG(P) on $P$ has vertex set $P$ and an edge between two distinct points $p, q \in P$ if and only if their Euclidean distance $|pq|$ is at most 1. The weight of the edge $pq$ is equal to their distanc

Brennan de Neeve, Andrey V. Lebedev, Vlad Negnevitsky, Jonathan P. Home

Phase estimation is known to be a robust method for single-qubit gate calibration in quantum computers, while Bayesian estimation is widely used in devising optimal methods for learning in quantum systems. We present Bayesian phase estimation methods that adaptively choose a control phase and the time of coherent evolution based on prior phase knowledge. In

Xingsheng Sun, Rong Jin

We establish a computational framework to explore the atomic configuration of a metal-hydrogen (M-H) system when in equilibrium with a H environment. This approach combines Diffusive Molecular Dynamics with an iteration strategy, aiming to minimize the system's free energy and ensure uniform chemical potential across the system that matches that of the H env

Ramón Herrera, Mehdi Shokri, Jafar Sadeghi

We consider inflation with a constant rate of rolling in which a complex scalar field plays the role of inflaton during the inflationary epoch. We implement the inflationary analysis for an accredited angular speed $\dot{\theta}$ which satisfies our dynamical equations. Scalar and tensorial perturbations generated in the framework of constant roll inflation

Vedat Levi Alev, Shravas Rao

We study a variant of the down-up and up-down walks over an $n$-partite simplicial complex, which we call expanderized higher order random walks -- where the sequence of updated coordinates correspond to the sequence of vertices visited by a random walk over an auxiliary expander graph $H$. When $H$ is the clique, this random walk reduces to the usual down-u

Stef Verpoest, Dennis Soldin, Paolo Desiati

Seasonal variations of atmospheric muons are traditionally interpreted in terms of an effective temperature that relates the atmospheric temperature profile at a given time to the dependence of muon production on atmospheric depth. This paper aims to review and generalize the treatment of muon production and effective temperature that has been used to interp

Pawan Kumar Mishra, Abhra Puitandy, Shradha Mishra

This study explores the effect of quenched disorder on the characteristic of self-propelled particles in one-dimension. Here,particles interact with disorder which serve as directional cues. The study investigates how the density of the disorder influence the emergence of ordering and clustering in the collection of the self propelled particles. We introduce

Stephen F. King, Xin Wang

In this paper we show that it is possible to achieve successful hilltop inflation in which the inflaton is identified as the modulus field in a modular invariant theory. The dilaton plays a crucial role in shaping the potential. Modular invariant gaugino condensation provides the mechanism for the modulus stabilisation after inflation. The inflationary traje

Tamara Bottazzi, Alejandro Varela

We formulate the issue of minimality of self-adjoint operators on a Hilbert space as a semi-definite problem, linking the work by Overton in [1] to the characterization of minimal hermitian matrices. This motivates us to investigate the relationship between minimal self-adjoint operators and the subdifferential of the maximum eigenvalue, initially for matric

Vladimir Dragović, Milena Radnović

Using Marden's Theorem from geometric theory of polynomials, we show that for every triangle there is a unique ellipse such that the triangle is a billiard trajectory within that ellipse. Since $3$-periodic trajectories of billiards within ellipses are examples of the Poncelet polygons, our considerations provide a new insight into the relationship between M

Chendi Wang, Yuqing Zhu, Weijie J. Su, Yu-Xiang Wang

A recent study by De et al. (2022) has reported that large-scale representation learning through pre-training on a public dataset significantly enhances differentially private (DP) learning in downstream tasks, despite the high dimensionality of the feature space. To theoretically explain this phenomenon, we consider the setting of a layer-peeled model in re

Sulaiman Aburakhia, Ismail Hamieh, Abdallah Shami

Vibrations of damaged bearings are manifested as modulations in the amplitude of the generated vibration signal, making envelope analysis an effective approach for discriminating between healthy and abnormal vibration patterns. Motivated by this, we introduce a low-complexity method for vibration-based condition monitoring (VBCM) of rolling bearings based on

Abhilekha Dalal, Rushrukh Rayan, Pascal Hitzler

Understanding how high-level concepts are represented within artificial neural networks is a fundamental challenge in the field of artificial intelligence. While existing literature in explainable AI emphasizes the importance of labeling neurons with concepts to understand their functioning, they mostly focus on identifying what stimulus activates a neuron i

Luke Power, Krishnendu Guha

Many Machine Learning (ML) models are referred to as black box models, providing no real insights into why a prediction is made. Feature importance and explainability are important for increasing transparency and trust in ML models, particularly in settings such as healthcare and finance. With quantum computing's unique capabilities, such as leveraging quant

Binod Joshi, Michael M. Fitelson, Yanhua Shih

We report a proof-of-principle experimental demonstration of a turbulence-resistant quantum Lidar system. As a key technology for sensing and ranging, Lidar has drawn considerable attention for a study from quantum perspective, in search of proven advantages complementary to the capabilities of conventional Lidar technologies. Environmental factors such as s

Fengdeng Liu, Zhifei Yang, David Abramovitch, Silu Guo

Exploration and advancements in ultra-wide bandgap (UWBG) semiconductors are pivotal for next-generation high-power electronics and deep-ultraviolet (DUV) optoelectronics. A critical challenge lies in finding a semiconductor that is highly transparent to DUV wavelengths yet conductive with high mobility at room temperature. Here, we achieved both high transp

Patryk Lipka-Bartosik, Kamil Korzekwa

Quantum catalysis, the ability to enable previously impossible transformations by using auxiliary systems without degrading them, has emerged as a powerful tool in various resource theories. Although catalytically enabled state transformations have been formally characterized by the monotonic behaviour of entropic quantifiers (e.g., the von Neumann entropy o

Filiberto Ares, Vittorio Vitale, Sara Murciano

Recently, a novel probe to study symmetry breaking, known as entanglement asymmetry, has emerged and has been utilized to explore how symmetry is dynamically restored following quantum quenches. Interestingly, it has been shown that, in certain scenarios, greater initial symmetry breaking leads to faster restoration, akin to a quantum Mpemba effect. This stu

Huaqing Jin, Fei Jiang

As medical devices become more complex, they routinely collect extensive and complicated data. While classical regressions typically examine the relationship between an outcome and a vector of predictors, it becomes imperative to identify the relationship with predictors possessing functional structures. In this article, we introduce a novel inference proced

Pavan Kumar Anasosalu Vasu, Hadi Pouransari, Fartash Faghri, Oncel Tuzel

CLIP models perform remarkably well on zero-shot classification and retrieval tasks. But recent studies have shown that learnt representations in CLIP are not well suited for dense prediction tasks like object detection, semantic segmentation or depth estimation. More recently, multi-stage training methods for CLIP models was introduced to mitigate the weak

Prithwiraj Ganguly, Vince Kumar, P. Maneesha, Saptarshi Ghosh

A compact dielectric resonator antenna has been fabricated on a microstrip transmission line for the purpose of C-band wireless communication using a ceramic material made out of a sintered mixture of BTO and NiO. The antenna parameters are optimized using Ansys HFSS software and verified experimentally. Ni replaces both Ba at A site and Ti at B site. Such a

Shuxiao Ding, Lukas Schneider, Marius Cordts, Juergen Gall

Many query-based approaches for 3D Multi-Object Tracking (MOT) adopt the tracking-by-attention paradigm, utilizing track queries for identity-consistent detection and object queries for identity-agnostic track spawning. Tracking-by-attention, however, entangles detection and tracking queries in one embedding for both the detection and tracking task, which is

Jindi Wang, Ioannis Ivrissimtzis, Zhaoxing Li, Lei Shi

Sign language has been extensively studied as a means of facilitating effective communication between hearing individuals and the deaf community. With the continuous advancements in virtual reality (VR) and gamification technologies, an increasing number of studies have begun to explore the application of these emerging technologies in sign language learning

Łukasz Lenart

The paper investigates the theoretical properties of zero-mean stationary time series with cyclical components, admitting the representation $y_t=\alpha_t \cos \lambda t + \beta_t \sin \lambda t$, with $\lambda \in (0,\pi]$ and $[\alpha_t\,\, \beta_t]$ following some bivariate process. We diagnose that in the extant literature on cyclic time series, a preval

Shayla Sharmin, Elham Bakhshipour, Behdokht Kiafar, Md Fahim Abrar

Educational games enhance learning experiences by integrating touchscreens, making interactions more engaging and intuitive for learners. However, the cognitive impacts of educational gameplay input modalities, such as the hand and stylus technique, are unclear. We compared the experience of using hands vs. a stylus for touchscreens while playing an educatio

Yu Liu, Yu Yu, Pengjie Zhang, Hao-Ran Yu

The density fields constructed by traditional mass assignment methods are susceptible to irritating discreteness, which hinders morphological measurements of cosmic large-scale structure (LSS) through Minkowski functionals (MFs). For alleviating this issue, fixed-kernel smoothing methods are commonly used in literatures, at the expense of losing substantial

Stefan Tyoler, Stefan Takacs

Isogeometric Analysis (IgA) is a spline based approach to the numerical solution of partial differential equations. There are two major issues that IgA was designed to address. The first issue is the exact representation of domains stemming from Computer Aided Design (CAD) software. In practice, this can be realized only with multi-patch IgA, often in combin

Anton D. Utyushev, Vadim I. Zakomirnyi, Alexey A. Shcherbakov, Ilia L. Rasskazov

In an absorbing or an active host medium characterized by a complex refractive index $n_2=n_2'+{\rm i}n_2''$, our previously developed modified dipole long-wave approximation (MLWA) is shown to essentially overly with the exact Mie theory results for spherical nanoparticle with radius $a\lesssim 25$ nm ($a\lesssim 20$ nm) in the case of Ag and Au (Al and Mg)

David Kalaj

Let $\mathbb{A}$ and $\mathbb{B}$ be circular annuli in the complex plane and consider the Dirichlet energy integral of $j-$degree mappings between $\mathbb{A}$ and $\mathbb{B}$. Then we minimize this energy integral. The minimizer is a $j-$degree harmonic mapping between annuli $\mathbb{A}$ and $\mathbb{B}$ provided it exits. If such a harmonic mapping does

Jong-Hyun Yoon, Simon Cléry, Mathieu Gross, Yann Mambrini

We apply deep learning techniques to the late-time turbulent regime in a post-inflationary model where a real scalar inflaton field and the standard model Higgs doublet interact with renormalizable couplings between them. After inflation, the inflaton decays into the Higgs through a trilinear coupling and the Higgs field subsequently thermalizes with gauge b

Trevor Hastings, Mrinalini Mulukutla, Danial Khatamsaz, Daniel Salas

This study introduces BIRDSHOT, an integrated Bayesian materials discovery framework designed to efficiently explore complex compositional spaces while optimizing multiple material properties. We applied this framework to the CoCrFeNiVAl FCC high entropy alloy (HEA) system, targeting three key performance objectives: ultimate tensile strength/yield strength

Konrad Schmüdgen

Suppose that $\sA$ is a finitely generated commutative unital real algebra and $K$ is a closed subset of the set $\hat{A}$ of characters of $\sA$. We study the following problem: When is {\it each} linear functional $L:{\sA} \to \dR$ an integral with respect to some signed Radon measure on $\hat{\sA}$ supported by the set $K$? A complete characterization of

Olivier Bourget, Gregorio Moreno, Christian Sadel, Amal Taarabt

In this paper, we develop the radial transfer matrix formalism for unitary one-channel operators. This generalizes previous formalisms for CMV matrices and scattering zippers. We establish an analog of Carmona's formula and deduce criteria for absolutely continuous spectrum which we apply to random Hilbert Schmidt perturbations of periodic scattering zippers

Pyeongjae Park, G. Sala, Daniel M. Pajerowski, Andrew F. May

Using the framework of semi-classical Landau-Lifshitz dynamics (LLD), we conduct a systematic investigation of the temperature-dependent spin dynamics in the S = 1/2 Heisenberg square-lattice antiferromagnet (SqAF). By performing inelastic neutron scattering measurements on Zn2VO(PO4)2 (ZVPO) and corresponding finite-temperature spin dynamics simulations bas

Rodrigo Vilumbrales-Garcia, Putu Brahmanda Sudarsana, Anchal Sareen

Dimples on a sphere's surface can lead to significant drag reduction. However, the optimal dimple depth to minimize the drag varies with the Reynolds number ($Re$). In this study, a smart surface-morphing technique is devised that can adjust dimple depth based on the flow conditions to minimize drag across a wide range of $Re$ values. By depressurizing the c

Pietro M. Bonetti, Maine Christos, Subir Sachdev

A long standing problem in the study of the under-hole-doped cuprates has been the description of the Fermi surfaces underlying the high magnetic field quantum oscillations, and their connection to the higher temperature pseudogap metal. Harrison and Sebastian (arXiv:1103.4181) proposed that the pseudogap `Fermi arcs' are reconstructed into an electron pocke

Ali Kaya

The Wheeler-DeWitt (WdW) equation does not describe any explicit time evolution of the wave function, and somehow related to this issue, there is no natural way of defining an invariant inner product that provides a viable probability interpretation. We show that both of these difficulties are solved in a covariant canonical formulation of general relativity

Brad M. Goff, Jay A. Gupta

Laboratory measurements often use several instruments to fully explore the relevant parameter space; such as, an external lock-in amplifier, an electromagnet, an RF generator, etc.. Ordinarily, these instruments have to be individually controlled and their parameters have to be manually recorded. MacroQueue enables effortless measurements throughout these hi

Marek Tyburec, Michal Kočvara, Marouan Handa, Jan Zeman

Topology optimization of frame structures under free-vibration eigenvalue constraints constitutes a challenging nonconvex polynomial optimization problem with disconnected feasible sets. In this article, we first formulate it as a polynomial semidefinite programming problem (SDP) of minimizing a linear function over a basic semi-algebraic feasible set. We th

Yanqin Wu, Renu Malhotra, Yoram Lithwick

The Kepler mission reveals a peculiar trough-peak feature in the orbital spacing of close-in planets near mean-motion resonances: a deficit and an excess that are a couple percent to the narrow, respectively wide, of the resonances. This feature has received two main classes of explanations, one involving eccentricity damping, the other scattering with small

Aref Miri Rekavandi, Olga Ohrimenko, Benjamin I. P. Rubinstein

Randomized smoothing has shown promising certified robustness against adversaries in classification tasks. Despite such success with only zeroth-order access to base models, randomized smoothing has not been extended to a general form of regression. By defining robustness in regression tasks flexibly through probabilities, we demonstrate how to establish upp

Matthew Golden

There exist endless examples of dynamical systems with vast available data and unsatisfying mathematical descriptions. Sparse regression applied to symbolic libraries has quickly emerged as a powerful tool for learning governing equations directly from data; these learned equations balance quantitative accuracy with qualitative simplicity and human interpret

Elias Sink, Jenia Tevelev

We study the derived category of the moduli space $SU_C(2)$ of rank $2$ vector bundles on a smooth projective curve $C$ of genus $g\ge 2$ with trivial determinant. This generalizes the recent work by Tevelev and Torres on the case with fixed odd determinant. Since $SU_C(2)$ is singular, we work with its resolution of singularities, specifically with the nonc

Tomoya Sugihara, Shuntaro Masuda, Ling Xiao, Toshihiko Yamasaki

Current video summarization methods rely heavily on supervised computer vision techniques, which demands time-consuming and subjective manual annotations. To overcome these limitations, we investigated self-supervised video summarization. Inspired by the success of Large Language Models (LLMs), we explored the feasibility in transforming the video summarizat

Chi Lung Cheng, Gup Singh, Benjamin Nachman

We propose a new machine-learning-based anomaly detection strategy for comparing data with a background-only reference (a form of weak supervision). The sensitivity of previous strategies degrades significantly when the signal is too rare or there are many unhelpful features. Our Prior-Assisted Weak Supervision (PAWS) method incorporates information from a c

Francisco M. Fernández

We overview the main equations of the Rayleigh-Ritz variational method and discuss their connection with the problem of simultaneous diagonalization of two Hermitian matrices.

Jan Kaiser, Annika Eichler, Anne Lauscher

Autonomous tuning of particle accelerators is an active and challenging field of research with the goal of enabling novel accelerator technologies cutting-edge high-impact applications, such as physics discovery, cancer research and material sciences. A key challenge with autonomous accelerator tuning remains that the most capable algorithms require an exper

Hui Liu, Zhao Liu, Emil J. Bergholtz

Breakthrough experiments have recently realized fractional Chern insulators (FCIs) in moir\'e materials. However, all states observed are Abelian, the possible existence of more exotic non-Abelian FCIs remains controversial both experimentally and theoretically. Here, we investigate the competition between charge density wave (CDW) order, gapless composite f

Ziquan Liu, Yufei Cui, Yan Yan, Yi Xu

In safety-critical applications such as medical imaging and autonomous driving, where decisions have profound implications for patient health and road safety, it is imperative to maintain both high adversarial robustness to protect against potential adversarial attacks and reliable uncertainty quantification in decision-making. With extensive research focuse

George D. Becker, James S. Bolton, Yongda Zhu, Seyedazim Hashemi

Multiple observations now suggest that the hydrogen reionization may have ended well below redshift six. While there has previously been no conclusive proof of extended neutral islands in the $z < 6$ intergalactic medium, it is possible that such islands give rise to the giant Ly$\alpha$ absorption troughs seen in the spectra of high-redshift quasars. Here w

Christopher R. Schwarze, David S. Simon, Anthony D. Manni, Abdoulaye Ndao

We present a finite-element approach for computing the aggregate scattering matrix of a network of linear coherent scatterers. These might be optical scatterers or more general scattering coins studied in quantum walk theory. While techniques exist for two-dimensional lattices of feed-forward scatterers, the present approach is applicable to any network conf

Alex R. Howe, Christopher C. Stark, John E. Sadleir

Future space missions that aim to detect and characterize Earth-like exoplanets will require an instrument that efficiently measures spectra of these planets, placing strict requirements on detector performance. The upcoming Roman Space Telescope will demonstrate the performance of an electron-multiplying charge-coupled device (EMCCD) as part of the coronagr

Irvin Steve Cardenas, Yugart Song

We present a formal specification for the implementation of Solana virtual machine (SVM) rollups deployed on top of the Solana Layer 1 (L1) blockchain. We further discuss our motivation, implementation, design decisions, limitations, and preliminary results. Overall, this paper is intended to serve as an initial introduction to building such system(s) on top

Gopolang Mohlabeng, Adreja Mondol, Tim M. P. Tait

Light thermal dark matter has emerged as an attractive theoretical possibility and a promising target for discovery at experiments in the near future. Such scenarios generically invoke mediators with very small couplings to the Standard Model, but moderately strong couplings within the dark sector, calling into question theoretical estimates based on the low

David Marzocca, Manuel Szewc, Michele Tammaro

We project the reach of future lepton colliders for measuring CKM elements from direct observations of $W$ decays. We focus our attention to $|V_{cs}|$ and $|V_{cb}|$ determinations, using FCC-ee as case study. We employ state-of-the-art jet flavor taggers to obtain the projected sensitivity, and scan over tagger performances to show their effect. We conclud

Harsh Mehta, Suvodip Mukherjee

The nature of dark matter is an unsolved cosmological problem and axions are one of the weakly interacting cold dark matter candidates. Axions or ALPs (Axion-like particles) are pseudo-scalar bosons predicted by beyond-standard model theories. The weak coupling of ALPs with photons leads to the conversion of CMB photons to ALPs in the presence of a transvers

Harsh Mehta, Suvodip Mukherjee

Axions or ALPs are hypothetical particles predicted by BSM theories, which make one of the dark matter candidates. These particles can convert into photons and vice-versa in the presence of magnetic field, with a probability decided by its coupling strength $\mathrm{g_{a\gamma}}$. One of the ways to detect these particles is using the CMB as a backlight. As

Rebeca Beltrán, Patrick D. Bolton, Frank F. Deppisch, Chandan Hati

We explore long-lived particle (LLP) searches using non-pointing photons at the LHC as a probe for sterile-to-sterile and active-to-sterile transition magnetic dipole moments of sterile neutrinos. We consider heavy sterile neutrinos with masses ranging from a few~GeV to several hundreds of GeV. We discuss transition magnetic dipole moments using the Standard

Chris Hull, Maxwell L. Hutt, Ulf Lindström

Linearised gravity has magnetic charges carried by (linearised) Kaluza-Klein monopoles. A gauge-invariant expression is found for these charges that is similar to Penrose's gauge-invariant expression for the ADM charges. A systematic search is made for other gauge-invariant charges.

Joshua Baines, Matt Visser

We exhibit exact analytic, fully explicit, photon escape cones and related silhouettes ("shadows") at arbitrary distance from the extremal Kerr black hole. In contrast to the situation for non-extremal Kerr, where one typically has to resort to either numerical and/or perturbative investigations, the situation for extremal Kerr is amenable to direct analytic

Stephon Alexander, Heliudson Bernardo, Humberto Gilmer

We present a model of dark matter as a superconducting fluid of Cooper pairs of right handed neutrinos or of vector-like quarks. The superconducting dark matter is induced by attractive channels in the Standard Model Higgs and color sectors of the Standard Model, respectively. We show that, for each case, the solution to the gap equation provides viable dark

Mariam Ughrelidze, Vincent P Flynn, Emilio Cobanera, Lorenza Viola

We provide a framework for understanding dynamical metastability in open many-body systems of free bosons, whereby the dynamical stability properties of the system in the infinite-size (thermodynamic) limit may sharply differ from those of any finite-size truncation, and anomalous transient dynamics may arise. By leveraging pseudospectral techniques, we trac

Raúl Carballo-Rubio, Astrid Eichhorn

Horizons and bound photon orbits are defining features of black holes that translate into key features of black hole images. We present a purely geometric proof that spherically symmetric, isolated objects with horizons in gravity theories with null-geodesic propagation of light must display bound photon orbits forming a photon sphere. Identifying the key el

Anna Genina, Volker Springel, Antti Rantala

Black holes are believed to be crucial in regulating star formation in massive galaxies, which makes it essential to faithfully represent the physics of these objects in cosmological hydrodynamics simulations. Limited spatial and mass resolution and the associated discreteness noise make following the dynamics of black holes especially challenging. In partic

Yunwei Deng, Hui Li, Boyuan Liu, Rahul Kannan

We introduce the RIGEL model, a novel framework to self-consistently model the effects of stellar feedback in the multiphase ISM of dwarf galaxies with radiative transfer (RT) on a star-by-star basis. The RIGEL model integrates detailed implementations of feedback from individual massive stars into the RHD code, AREPO-RT. It forms individual massive stars fr

Keefe Mitman, Michael Boyle, Leo C. Stein, Nils Deppe

Gravitational memory effects and the BMS freedoms exhibited at future null infinity have recently been resolved and utilized in numerical relativity simulations. With this, gravitational wave models and our understanding of the fundamental nature of general relativity have been vastly improved. In this paper, we review the history and intuition behind memory

Luke T. Parker, Jayne L. Birkby, Rico Landman, Joost P. Wardenier

High-resolution cross-correlation spectroscopy (HRCCS) combined with adaptive optics has been enormously successful in advancing our knowledge of exoplanet atmospheres, from chemistry to rotation and atmospheric dynamics. This powerful technique now drives major science cases for ELT instrumentation including METIS/ELT, GMTNIRS/GMT and MICHI/TMT, targeting b