October 2024 arXiv papers — page 73

Abdel-Rahman Hedar, Alaa E. Abdel-Hakim, Wael Deabes, Youseef Alotaibi

Metaheuristic search methods have proven to be essential tools for tackling complex optimization challenges, but their full potential is often constrained by conventional algorithmic frameworks. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach called Deep Heuristic Search (DHS), which models metaheuristic search as a memory-driven process. DHS employs multiple s

Zeyu Li, Gang Yang, Guorui Zhu

We present the first application of color-kinematics (CK) duality at the three-loop level in non-supersymmetric pure Yang-Mills (YM) theory. Building on the minimal deformation approach introduced in \cite{Li:2023akg}, we extend its use to the three-loop Sudakov form factor. Although three classes of unitarity cuts fail under the globally off-shell CK-dual a

Yasser Ashraf, Yuxia Wang, Bin Gu, Preslav Nakov

The growing use of large language models (LLMs) has raised concerns regarding their safety. While many studies have focused on English, the safety of LLMs in Arabic, with its linguistic and cultural complexities, remains under-explored. Here, we aim to bridge this gap. In particular, we present an Arab-region-specific safety evaluation dataset consisting of

Arkajyoti Maity, Bimalendu Deb, Jan-Michael Rost

We study the optical response of a one-dimensional array of strongly nonlinear optical microcavities with alternating tunnel transmissivities, mimicking the paradigmatic Su-Schriefer Heeger model. We show that the non-equilibrium steady state of the bosonic system contains clear signatures of fermionization when the intra-cavity Kerr non-linearity is stronge

Param Thakkar, Anushka Yadav

This paper describes a highly developed personalised recommendation system using multimodal, autonomous, multi-agent systems. The system focuses on the incorporation of futuristic AI tech and LLMs like Gemini-1.5- pro and LLaMA-70B to improve customer service experiences especially within e-commerce. Our approach uses multi agent, multimodal systems to provi

Dino Pjanić, Korkut Emre Arslantürk, Xuesong Cai, Fredrik Tufvesson

User grouping based on geographic location in fifth generation (5G) New Radio (NR) systems has several applications that can significantly improve network performance, user experience, and service delivery. We demonstrate how Sounding Reference Signals channel fingerprints can be used for dynamic user grouping in a 5G NR commercial deployment based on outdoo

CMS Collaboration

The CERN LHC provided proton and heavy ion collisions during its Run 2 operation period from 2015 to 2018. Proton-proton collisions reached a peak instantaneous luminosity of 2.1 $\times$ 10$^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$, twice the initial design value, at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV. The CMS experiment records a subset of the collisions for further processing as part of

Venkateswarlu Gaddam, Shaurya S. Dabas, Jinghan Gao, David J. Spry

Aluminum scandium nitride (AlScN) has emerged as a highly promising material for high-temperature applications due to its robust piezoelectric, ferroelectric, and dielectric properties. This study investigates the behavior of Al0.7Sc0.3N thin films in extreme thermal environments, demonstrating functional stability up to 1000{\deg}C, making it suitable for u

J. Aalbers, D. S. Akerib, A. K. Al Musalhi, F. Alder

We report results of a search for nuclear recoils induced by weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter using the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) two-phase xenon time projection chamber. This analysis uses a total exposure of $4.2\pm0.1$ tonne-years from 280 live days of LZ operation, of which $3.3\pm0.1$ tonne-years and 220 live days are new. A technique to act

John X. Morris, Thomas R. Campion, Sri Laasya Nutheti, Yifan Peng

Sharing protected health information (PHI) is critical for furthering biomedical research. Before data can be distributed, practitioners often perform deidentification to remove any PHI contained in the text. Contemporary deidentification methods are evaluated on highly saturated datasets (tools achieve near-perfect accuracy) which may not reflect the full v

Lawrence Hollom, Lyuben Lichev, Adva Mond, Julien Portier

We address several related problems on combinatorial discrepancy of trees in a setting introduced by Erd\H{o}s, F\"{u}redi, Loebl and S\'{o}s. Given a fixed tree $T$ on $n$ vertices and an edge-colouring of the complete graph $K_n$, for every colour, we find a copy of $T$ in $K_n$ where the number of edges in that colour significantly exceeds its expected co

Wen Huang, Bing Han, Zhengyang Chen, Shuai Wang

Speaker verification system trained on one domain usually suffers performance degradation when applied to another domain. To address this challenge, researchers commonly use feature distribution matching-based methods in unsupervised domain adaptation scenarios where some unlabeled target domain data is available. However, these methods often have limited pe

Charvi Rastogi, Tian Huey Teh, Pushkar Mishra, Roma Patel

AI systems crucially rely on human ratings, but these ratings are often aggregated, obscuring the inherent diversity of perspectives in real-world phenomenon. This is particularly concerning when evaluating the safety of generative AI, where perceptions and associated harms can vary significantly across socio-cultural contexts. While recent research has stud

Shuyang Hou, Zhangxiao Shen, Anqi Zhao, Jianyuan Liang

The increasing demand for spatiotemporal data and modeling tasks in geosciences has made geospatial code generation technology a critical factor in enhancing productivity. Although large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated potential in code generation tasks, they often encounter issues such as refusal to code or hallucination in geospatial code generati

Eduard Emelyanov, Nazife Erkursun-Ozcan, Svetlana Gorokhova

It is proved that: each collectively order continuous set of operators from an Archimedean OVS with a generating cone to an OVS is collectively order bounded; and each collectively order to norm bounded set of operators from an ordered Banach space with a closed generating cone to a normed space is norm bounded. Several applications to commutative operator s

Enrico Trizio, Peilin Kang, Michele Parrinello

The problem of studying rare events is central to many areas of computer simulations. In a recent paper [Kang, P., et al., Nat. Comput. Sci. 4, 451-460, 2024], we have shown that a powerful way of solving this problem passes through the computation of the committor function, and we have demonstrated how the committor can be iteratively computed in a variatio

Anne-Maria Laukkanen, Sudarsana Reddy Kadiri, Shrikanth Narayanan, Paavo Alku

Objectives: ncreased prevalence of social creak particularly among female speakers has been reported in several studies. The study of social creak has been previously conducted by combining perceptual evaluation of speech with conventional acoustical parameters such as the harmonic-to-noise ratio and cepstral peak prominence. In the current study, machine le

Thomas Rey, Tommaso Tenna

A granular gas is a collection of macroscopic particles that interact through energy-dissipating collisions, also known as inelastic collisions. This inelasticity is characterized by a collision mechanics in which mass and momentum are conserved and kinetic energy is dissipated. Such a system can be described by a kinetic equation of the Boltzmann type. Neve

João Henrique de Andrade, Dario Corona, Stefano Nardulli, Paolo Piccione

We extend previous works on the multiplicity of solutions to the Allen-Cahn system on closed Riemannian manifolds by considering an arbitrary number of phases. Specifically, we show that on parallelizable manifolds, the number of solutions is bounded from below by topological invariants of the underlying manifold, provided the temperature parameter and volum

Youpeng Wu, Ruobing Jiang, Alim Ruzi, Yong Ban

We study quantum entanglement and test violation of Bell-type inequality at the Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC), which is one of the most attractive future colliders. It's a promising particle collider designed to search new physics, make Standard Model (SM) precision measurements, and serving as a Higgs factory. Our study is based on a fast simul

O. S. Ould-Boukattine, P. Chawla, J. W. T. Hessels, A. J. Cooper

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are sufficiently energetic to be detectable from luminosity distances up to at least seven billion parsecs (redshift $z > 1$). Probing the maximum energies and luminosities of FRBs constrains their emission mechanism and cosmological population. Here we investigate the maximum energetics of a highly active repeater, FRB 20220912A, us

I. Cardinali, L. Giuzzi, A. Pasini

The long root geometry $A_{n,\{1,n\}}(\mathbb{K})$ for the special linear group $\mathrm{SL}(n+1,\mathbb{K})$ admits an embedding in the (projective space of) the vector space of the traceless square matrices of order $n+1$ with entries in the field $\mathbb{K}$, usually regarded as the {\em natural} embedding of $A_{n,\{1,n\}}(\mathbb{K})$. S. Smith and H.

Adrian Martini, Avi Mayorcas

We study an additive-noise approximation to Keller-Segel-Dean-Kawasaki dynamics, which is proposed as an approximate model to the fluctuating hydrodynamics of chemotactically interacting particles around their mean-field limit. As such, the interaction potential is given by the Green's function associated to Poisson's equation, which is singular around the o

Xiaochen Wang, Junqing He, Liang Chen, Reza Haf Zhe Yang

Large Language Models with chain-of-thought prompting, such as OpenAI-o1, have shown impressive capabilities in natural language inference tasks. However, Multi-hop Question Answering (MHQA) remains challenging for many existing models due to issues like hallucination, error propagation, and limited context length. To address these challenges and enhance LLM

Liang Chen, Yong Zhang, Yibing Song, Zhiqiang Shen

Domain generalization (DG) methods aim to maintain good performance in an unseen target domain by using training data from multiple source domains. While success on certain occasions are observed, enhancing the baseline across most scenarios remains challenging. This work introduces a simple yet effective framework, dubbed learning from multiple experts (LFM

Tarek Abu Haila, Korbinian Kunst, Tran Quoc Khanh, Thomas S. A. Wallis

Vision science imposes rigorous requirements for the design and execution of psychophysical studies and experiments. These requirements ensure precise control over variables, accurate measurement of perceptual responses, and reproducibility of results, which are essential for investigating visual perception and its underlying mechanisms. Since different expe

Chonghua Liao, Ruobing Xie, Xingwu Sun, Haowen Sun

Catastrophic forgetting remains a formidable obstacle to building an omniscient model in large language models (LLMs). Despite the pioneering research on task-level forgetting in LLM fine-tuning, there is scant focus on forgetting during pre-training. We systematically explored the existence and measurement of forgetting in pre-training, questioning traditio

T. Barros, C. Premebida, S. Aravecchia, C. Pradalier

3D LiDAR-based place recognition has been extensively researched in urban environments, yet it remains underexplored in agricultural settings. Unlike urban contexts, horticultural environments, characterized by their permeability to laser beams, result in sparse and overlapping LiDAR scans with suboptimal geometries. This phenomenon leads to intra- and inter

Emanuele Marino, R. Allen LaCour, Timothy C. Moore, Sjoerd W. van Dongen

The synthesis of binary nanocrystal superlattices (BNSLs) enables the targeted integration of orthogonal physical properties, like photoluminescence and magnetism, into a single superstructure, unlocking a vast design space for multifunctional materials. Yet, the formation mechanism of BNSLs remains poorly understood, restricting the use of simulation to pre

Felix Fischer, Christian Gletter, Moonkwang Jeong, Tian Qiu

Magnetism is widely used for the wireless localization and actuation of robots and devices for medical procedures. However, current static magnetic localization methods suffer from large required magnets and are limited to only five degrees of freedom due to a fundamental constraint of the rotational symmetry around the magnetic axis. We present the small-sc

Avery Trevino, Thomas R. Powers, Roberto Zenit, Mauro Rodriguez

Previous studies on peristalsis, the pumping of fluid along a channel by wave-like displacements of the channel walls, have shown that the elastic properties of the channel and the peristaltic wave shape can influence the flow rate. Motivated by the oscillatory flow of cerebrospinal fluid along compliant perivascular spaces, we consider a prescribed wave mot

Yiming Lei, Jialong Li, Zhengqing Liu, Raj Joshi

Optical data center networks (DCNs) are renovating the infrastructure design for the cloud in the post Moore's law era. The fact that optical DCNs rely on optical circuits of microsecond-scale durations makes nanosecond-precision time synchronization essential for the correct functioning of routing on the network fabric. However, current studies on optical D

Suguru Otani

I analyze proprietary data from BizReach (2014-2024) to estimate the matching function for high-skill workers on a private on-the-job search platform using Lange and Papageorgiou (2020) nonparametric approach. Comparing it to Hello Work, I find that matching efficiency on the private platform is both more volatile and higher, reflecting its growing popularit

J. Hainge, N. Miladinovic, D. H. J. O'Dell

The question of the correct formulation for the momentum of light in a dielectric medium is typically referred to as the ``Abraham-Minkowski controversy". Experiments conducted to elucidate the issue have primarily focused on measuring forces and momentum transfers. In this work, we propose an interferometric approach using matter waves to measure the light-

Osamu Fujino, Hiroshi Sato

We discuss lengths of extremal rational curves, Fujita's freeness, and the Kodaira vanishing theorem for log canonical toric foliated pairs.

Xingwei Wang, Haiquan Lu, Jieni Zhang, Yong Zeng

Delay alignment modulation (DAM) is an innovative broadband modulation technique well suited for millimeter wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems. Leveraging the high spatial resolution and sparsity of multi-path channels, DAM mitigates inter-symbol interference (ISI) effectively, by aligning al

Hyungtae Baek, Jung Wook Lim, Ali Tamoussit

Let $R$ be a commutative ring with unity and let $X$ be an indeterminate over $R$. The \textit{Anderson ring} of $R$ is defined as the quotient ring of the polynomial ring $R[X]$ by the set of polynomials that evaluate to $1$ at $0$. Specifically, the Anderson ring of $R$ is $R[X]_A$, where $A=\{f\in R[X]\mid f(0)=1\}$. In this paper, we aim to investigate t

Nina Gubina, Andrei Dmitrenko, Gleb Solovev, Lyubov Yamshchikova

Co-crystallization is an accessible way to control physicochemical characteristics of organic crystals, which finds many biomedical applications. In this work, we present Generative Method for Co-crystal Design (GEMCODE), a novel pipeline for automated co-crystal screening based on the hybridization of deep generative models and evolutionary optimization for

G. Pasqualato, S. Ansari, J. S. Heines, V. Modamio

The Zirconium (Z = 40) isotopic chain has attracted interest for more than four decades. The abrupt lowering of the energy of the first $2^+$ state and the increase in the transition strength B(E2; $2_1^\rightarrow 0_1^+$ going from $^{98}$Zr to $^{100}$Zr has been the first example of "quantum phase transition" in nuclear shapes, which has few equivalents i

Fellype do Nascimento, Kleber Alexandre Petroski, Thalita Mayumi Castaldelli Nishime, Konstantin Georgiev Kostov

Atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJs) are versatile devices with numerous applications. This work focuses on APPJs generated at the tip of long, flexible tubes using the jet transfer technique. The plasma source consists of a primary discharge and a secondary discharge forming the plasma jet. Discharge power measurements were carried out in a way that it

Mahyar Afshinmehr, Alireza Danaei, Mehrafarin Kazemi, Kurt Mehlhorn

We consider the fundamental problem of fairly allocating a set of indivisible items among agents having valuations that are represented by a multi-graph -- here, agents appear as vertices and items as edges between them and each vertex (agent) only values the set of its incident edges (items). The goal is to find a fair, i.e., envy-free up to any item (EFX)

Jihe Li, Bo Pang, Peng-Shuai Wang

Recovering dense and uniformly distributed point clouds from sparse or noisy data remains a significant challenge. Recently, great progress has been made on these tasks, but usually at the cost of increasingly intricate modules or complicated network architectures, leading to long inference time and huge resource consumption. Instead, we embrace simplicity a

Seyed Reza Hoseini Najarkolaei, Mohammad Mahdi Mojahedian, Mohammad Reza Aref

In this paper, we present an unconditionally secure $N$-party comparison scheme based on Shamir secret sharing, utilizing the binary representation of private inputs to determine the $\max$ without disclosing any private inputs or intermediate results. Specifically, each party holds a private number and aims to ascertain the greatest number among the $N$ ava

Ronghui Zhang, Shangyu Yang, Dakang Lyu, Zihan Wang

Road ponding, a prevalent traffic hazard, poses a serious threat to road safety by causing vehicles to lose control and leading to accidents ranging from minor fender benders to severe collisions. Existing technologies struggle to accurately identify road ponding due to complex road textures and variable ponding coloration influenced by reflection characteri

Yuri Matsumura, Suguru Otani

We revisit the identification of the conduct parameter in homogeneous goods markets. Lau (1982) argues that the conduct parameter is not identified if and only if the inverse demand function is separable, except for a specific separable function. This result has been regarded as an extension of the result in Bresnahan (1982) to more general settings. However

Felix Wieberneit, Emanuele Crisostomi, Anthony Quinn, Homayoun Hamedmoghadam

In this paper, we introduce a quantitative framework to optimize electric vehicle (EV) battery capacities, considering two criteria: upfront vehicle cost and charging inconvenience cost. For this purpose, we (1) develop a comprehensive model for charging inconvenience costs, incorporating both charging time and detours, improving on existing studies, (2) sho

Ayumu Kuwahara, Michiel Lambrechts, Hiroyuki Kurokawa, Satoshi Okuzumi

The observed dust rings and gaps in protoplanetary disks could be imprints of forming planets. Even low-mass planets in the one-to-ten Earth-mass regime, that do not yet carve deep gas gaps, can generate such dust rings and gaps by driving a radially-outwards gas flow, as shown in previous work. However, understanding the creation and evolution of these dust

Xiaoting Yin, Hao Shi, Yuhan Bao, Zhenshan Bing

Achieving 3D reconstruction from images captured under optimal conditions has been extensively studied in the vision and imaging fields. However, in real-world scenarios, challenges such as motion blur and insufficient illumination often limit the performance of standard frame-based cameras in delivering high-quality images. To address these limitations, we

Ivan Jakovac, Tonči Cvitanić, Denis Arčon, Mirta Herak

We present the properties of a new organic $S=1$ antiferromagnetic chain system $m$-NO$_2$PhBNO (abbreviated BoNO). In this biradical system two unpaired electrons from aminoxyl groups are strongly ferromagnetically coupled ($|J_\text{FM}| /k_B \gtrsim 500$ K) which leads to the formation of an effective $S=1$ state for each molecule. The chains of BoNO bira

Khyathi Komalan

In this paper, we provide a construction of a Topological Quantum Field Theory from a Non-Hermitian Ribbon Fusion Category. This is a simple method that does not involve enriching over Fusion Categories, or using other complicated structures. To substantiate this construction, we also prove theorems on the M\"uger center, braiding, and spherical structure of

Lucas de Amorin

We explore computational tools that allow to compute the class on the Grothendieck ring of varieties of finite cyclic quotients in some interesting examples. As an main application, we determine the motive of low rank representation varieties associated with torus knots and general linear groups using an equivariant analogue of the strategy for special linea

Tony Haoran Feng, Paul Denny, Burkhard C. Wünsche, Andrew Luxton-Reilly

CG (Computer Graphics) is a popular field of CS (Computer Science), but many students find this topic difficult due to it requiring a large number of skills, such as mathematics, programming, geometric reasoning, and creativity. Over the past few years, researchers have investigated ways to harness the power of GenAI (Generative Artificial Intelligence) to i

H. M. Verhelst, M. Möller, J. H. Den Besten

Wrinkling is the phenomenon of out-of-plane deformation patterns in thin walled structures, as a result of a local compressive (internal) loads in combination with a large membrane stiffness and a small but non-zero bending stiffness. Numerical modelling typically involves thin shell formulations. As the mesh resolution depends on the wrinkle wave lengths, t

Yongliang Chen, Kebo Zeng, Zetao Xie, Yixin Sha

Electron-beam microscopy and spectroscopy featuring atomic-scale spatial resolution have become essential tools used daily in almost all branches of nanoscale science and technology. As a natural supercontinuum source of light, free electrons couple with phonons, plasmons, electron-hole pairs, inter- and intra-band transitions, and inner-shell ionization. Th

Lucian Beznea, Oana Lupascu-Stamate, Alexandra Teodor

We present a method of solving a nonlinear Dirichlet problem with discontinuous boundary data and we give a probabilistic representation of the solution using the nonlocal branching process associated with the nonlinear term of the operator. Instead of the pointwise convergence of the solution to the given boundary data we use the controlled convergence whic

Songhee Choi, Qiao Jin, Xian Zi, Dongke Rong

The integration of ferroelectrics with semiconductors is crucial for developing functional devices, such as field-effect transistors, tunnel junctions, and nonvolatile memories. However, the synthesis of high-quality single-crystalline ferroelectric nitride perovskites has been limited, hindering a comprehensive understanding of their switching dynamics and

Ilyana A. Guez, Mark Claire

Rocky exoplanets are faint and difficult to observe due to their small size and low brightness compared to their host star. Despite this, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has allowed us new methods and opportunities to study them. Accurately characterising exoplanet atmospheres could offer insights not only into the planetary demographics of rocky world

Shishuo Fu, Haijun Li

The number of sequences of odd length in strict partitions (denoted as $\mathrm{sol}$), which plays a pivotal role in the first paper of this series, is investigated in different contexts, both new and old. Namely, we first note a direct link between $\mathrm{sol}$ and the $2$-measure of strict partitions when the partition length is given. This notion of $2

Divya Kushwaha, Shradha Mishra

Many microswimmers are inherently chiral, and this chirality can introduce fascinating behaviors in a collection of microswimmers. The dynamics become even more intriguing when two types of microswimmers with distinct chirality are mixed. Our study examines a mixture of self-propelled particles with opposite chirality, investigating how the system's characte

Zhijie Tan, Xu Chu, Weiping Li, Tong Mo

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) utilize multimodal contexts consisting of text, images, or videos to solve various multimodal tasks. However, we find that changing the order of multimodal input can cause the model's performance to fluctuate between advanced performance and random guessing. This phenomenon exists in both single-modality (text-only or

Zhenyuan Yang, Zhengliang Liu, Jing Zhang, Cen Lu

This study examines the capabilities of advanced Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly the o1 model, in the context of literary analysis. The outputs of these models are compared directly to those produced by graduate-level human participants. By focusing on two Nobel Prize-winning short stories, 'Nine Chapters' by Han Kang, the 2024 laureate, and 'Frie

Ipsita Ghosh, Abiy Tasissa, Christian Kümmerle

The problem of finding suitable point embedding or geometric configurations given only Euclidean distance information of point pairs arises both as a core task and as a sub-problem in a variety of machine learning applications. In this paper, we aim to solve this problem given a minimal number of distance samples. To this end, we leverage continuous and non-

Hyeonjun Park, Daegyu Lim, Seungyeon Kim, Sumin Park

Imitation learning, which enables robots to learn behaviors from demonstrations by human, has emerged as a promising solution for generating robot motions in such environments. The imitation learning-based robot motion generation method, however, has the drawback of depending on the demonstrator's task execution speed. This paper presents a novel temporal en

Iker Lopetegi, Sergio Fernandez, Gregory L. Plett, M. Scott Trimboli

Being able to predict battery internal states that are related to battery degradation is a key aspect to improve battery lifetime and performance, enhancing cleaner electric transportation and energy generation. However, most present battery management systems (BMSs) use equivalent-circuit models (ECMs) for state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) est

Francis Fortin, Jean-Luc Atteia, Alix Nouvel de la Flèche, Hervé Valentin

Context. Transient sky astronomy is entering a new era with the advent of the SVOM mission (Space Variable Objects Monitor), which was successfully launched on the 26th of June, 2024. The primary goal of SVOM is to monitor the hard X-ray sky searching for gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). On top of its on-board follow-up capabilities, SVOM will be backed by its groun

Kang Chen, Qingheng Zhang, Chengbao Lian, Yixin Ji

Unlike professional Business-to-Consumer (B2C) e-commerce platforms (e.g., Amazon), Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C) platforms (e.g., Facebook marketplace) are mainly targeting individual sellers who usually lack sufficient experience in e-commerce. Individual sellers often struggle to compose proper descriptions for selling products. With the recent advancement o

Pablo Braz e Silva, Roberto de A. Capistrano-Filho, Jackellyny Dassy do Nascimento Carvalho, David dos Santos Ferreira

This article addresses the stabilizability of a perturbed quintic defocusing Schr\"odinger equation in $\mathbb{R}^{3}$ at the $H^1$--energy level, considering the influence of a damping mechanism. More specifically, we establish a profile decomposition for both linear and nonlinear systems and use them to show that, under certain conditions, the sequence of

Fabian P. Krüger, Johan Östman, Lewis Mervin, Igor V. Tetko

This study investigates the risks of exposing confidential chemical structures when machine learning models trained on these structures are made publicly available. We use membership inference attacks, a common method to assess privacy that is largely unexplored in the context of drug discovery, to examine neural networks for molecular property prediction in

Edoardo Mason

In this paper we provide applications of general results of Baldi-Klingler-Ullmo and Khelifa-Urbanik on the geometry of the Hodge locus associated to an integral polarized variation of Hodge structures to the case of Noether-Lefschetz loci for families of surfaces. In particular, we consider the family of surfaces in the linear system of a sufficiently ample

Antoine Gorceix, Bastien Le Chenadec, Ahmad Rammal, Nelson Vadori

In this paper, we study the ability of large language models to learn specific mathematical rules such as distributivity or simplifying equations. We present an empirical analysis of their ability to generalize these rules, as well as to reuse them in the context of word problems. For this purpose, we provide a rigorous methodology to build synthetic data in

Theodore Brown, Alexandru Cioba, Ilija Bogunovic

Bayesian optimisation (BO) is a powerful framework for global optimisation of costly functions, using predictions from Gaussian process models (GPs). In this work, we apply BO to functions that exhibit invariance to a known group of transformations. We show that vanilla and constrained BO algorithms are inefficient when optimising such invariant objectives,

Chiara Crociati, Michele Cignoni, Emanuele Dalessandro, Cristina Pallanca

Context. Terzan 5 and Liller 1 are the only bulge stellar clusters hosting multi-iron and multi-age stellar populations. They are therefore claimed to constitute a novel class of astrophysical objects: the fossils of massive star-forming clumps that possibly sank to the center of the Milky Way and contributed to the formation of the bulge. This is based on t

Andrew King

A recent paper (King, 2024) suggested that emission from the central supermassive black holes in high-redshift galaxies must be tightly collimated by the effects of partly expelling a super-Eddington mass supply. I show here that this idea predicts that these galaxies should produce very little detectable rest-frame X-ray emission, appear Compton thick, and

Guido Festuccia, Roman Mauch, Maxim Zabzine

In this work, we introduce an equivariant deformation of the $B$ model on the sphere with a $U(1)$-action. We present the deformed supersymmetry transformations and corresponding Lagrangians and study observables in the supercharge cohomology. The inclusion of equivariance allows for the introduction of novel, position-dependent observables on the sphere, wh

Shay Golan, Arseny M. Shur

Minimizer schemes, or just minimizers, are a very important computational primitive in sampling and sketching biological strings. Assuming a fixed alphabet of size $\sigma$, a minimizer is defined by two integers $k,w\ge2$ and a total order $\rho$ on strings of length $k$ (also called $k$-mers). A string is processed by a sliding window algorithm that choose

Benjamin K. Schneider, Sebastien Benzekry, Jonathan P. Mochel

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is often intrinsically resistant to several first- and second-line therapeutics and can rapidly acquire further resistance after a patient begins receiving treatment. Treatment outcomes are therefore significantly impacted by the optimization of therapeutic scheduling. Previous preclinical research has suggested scheduling

Mikhail Mironov

Suppose $V$ is the unit disc $\mathbb{D}$ embedded in the $d$-dimensional unit ball $\mathbb{B}_d$ and attached to the unit sphere. Consider the space $\mathcal{H}_V$, the restriction of the Drury-Arveson space to the variety $V$, and its multiplier algebra $\mathcal{M}_V = \operatorname{Mult}(\mathcal{H}_V)$. The isomorphism problem is the following: Is $V_

Jamie J. Pont, Joseph J. Kearney, Jack Moyler, Carlos A. Perez-Delgado

Quantum devices capable of breaking the public-key cryptosystems that Bitcoin relies on to secure its transactions are expected with reasonable probability within a decade. Quantum attacks would put at risk the entire Bitcoin network, which has an estimated value of around 500 billion USD. To prevent this threat, a proactive approach is critical. The only kn

Robert Ganian, Mathis Rocton, Daniel Unterberger

We study the well-established problem of finding an optimal routing of unsplittable flows in a graph. While by now there is an extensive body of work targeting the problem on graph classes such as paths and trees, we aim at using the parameterized paradigm to identify its boundaries of tractability on general graphs. We develop novel algorithms and lower bou

Jiaxuan Zhang, Zhao-Yun Chen, Jia-Ning Li, Tian-Hao Wei

Large-scale quantum computation requires to be performed in the fault-tolerant manner. One crucial challenge of fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) is reducing the overhead of implementing logical gates. Recently work proposed correlated decoding and ``algorithmic fault tolerance" to achieve constant-time logical gates that enables universal quantum comp

A. N. Ismailova, Yu. L. Parfenova, P. G. Sharov, D. M. Janseitov

In the present paper momentum distributions of nuclei produced in the heavy ion beam fragmentation at the relatively low energies (below 100 $A\cdot$MeV) are studied. For this study, a new theoretical approach is developed on the basis of the Glauber model modified for taking into account the energy and momentum conservation laws. In this approach, the longi

Varun Kulkarni, Suhas Tamvada, Yashasvi Venkata Lolla, Sushant Anand

Recent studies have shown that capillary waves generated by bursting of an oil drop at the water-air interface produces a daughter droplet inside the bath while part of it floats above it. Successive bursting events produce next generations of daughter droplets, gradually diminishing in size until the entire volume of oil rests atop the water-air interface.

Leila Gharavi, Bart De Schutter, Simone Baldi

PieceWise Affine (PWA) approximations for nonlinear functions have been extensively used for tractable, computationally efficient control of nonlinear systems. However, reaching a desired approximation accuracy without prior information about the behavior of the nonlinear systems remains a challenge in the function approximation and control literature. As th

Marceli Wac, Raul Santos-Rodriguez, Chris McWilliams, Christopher Bourdeaux

Intensive Care Units are complex, data-rich environments where critically ill patients are treated using variety of clinical equipment. The data collected using this equipment can be used clinical staff to gain insight into the condition of the patients and provide adequate treatment, but it also provides ample opportunity for applications in machine learnin

Christoph Linse, Erhardt Barth, Thomas Martinetz

Activation maximization (AM) strives to generate optimal input stimuli, revealing features that trigger high responses in trained deep neural networks. AM is an important method of explainable AI. We demonstrate that AM fails to produce optimal input stimuli for simple functions containing ReLUs or Leaky ReLUs, casting doubt on the practical usefulness of AM

Elena Denisova

In this article, we compute $\delta$-invariants of Du Val del Pezzo surfaces of degree 1.

Davide Giovagnoli, David Jesus

In this paper we prove that solutions to a transmission problem degenerating on the interface are H\"older differentiable up to the interface with universal estimates. Furthermore, we obtain a sharper pointwise $C^{1,\alpha(\cdot)}$ with optimal variable exponent and uniform estimates.

Jan Sören Schwarz, Cornelius Steinbrink, Sebastian Lehnhoff

Increasing complexity in the power system and the transformation towards a smart grid lead to the necessity of new tools and methods for the development and testing of new technologies. One testing method is co-simulation, which allows coupling simulation components from different domains to test their interaction. Because the manual configuration of complex

Liying Xu, Huifang Li, Huanfeng Shen, Mingyang Lei

Data quantity and quality are both critical for information extraction and analyzation in remote sensing. However, the current remote sensing datasets often fail to meet these two requirements, for which cloud is a primary factor degrading the data quantity and quality. This limitation affects the precision of results in remote sensing application, particula

Chuntao Ding, Xu Cao, Jianhang Xie, Linlin Fan

Efficient fine-tuning of pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) models using local data is essential for providing high-quality services to users using ubiquitous and resource-limited Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) fine-tuning has attracted widespread attention from industry and academia because it is simple, efficient,

Cheng Lei, Jie Fan, Xinran Li, Tianzhu Xiang

Camouflaged Object Segmentation (COS) faces significant challenges due to the scarcity of annotated data, where meticulous pixel-level annotation is both labor-intensive and costly, primarily due to the intricate object-background boundaries. Addressing the core question, "Can COS be effectively achieved in a zero-shot manner without manual annotations for a

Joseph Neilson, Eoin Caffrey, Oran Cassidy, Cian Gabbett

Solution-processable 2D materials are promising candidates for a range of printed electronics applications. Yet maximising their potential requires solution-phase processing of nanosheets into high-quality networks with carrier mobility ({\mu}Net) as close as possible to that of individual nanosheets ({\mu}NS). In practise, the presence of inter-nanosheet ju

C. Aguilar-Maldonado, R. Feyerherm, K. Prokeš, L. Keller

Ho$_3$ScO$_6$ harbours a frustrated Maple Leaf Lattice (MLL). It crystalizes in the Mg$_3$TeO$_6$-type structure, and has a centrosymmetric trigonal space group (R$\bar{3}$). This system contains stacked layers of magnetic rings along the c-axis consisting of six magnetic Ho$^{3+}$ ions forming Ho hexagons, which are connected into a 2-dimensional network by

Itay Nakash, George Kour, Guy Uziel, Ateret Anaby-Tavor

Following the advancement of large language models (LLMs), the development of LLM-based autonomous agents has become increasingly prevalent. As a result, the need to understand the security vulnerabilities of these agents has become a critical task. We examine how ReAct agents can be exploited using a straightforward yet effective method we refer to as the f

Dilip Kumar Maity, Christopher Wagstaff, Sandip Dighe, Tadd Truscott

This research explores the modulation of Rayleigh-Plateau instability by adjusting the orientation angle and eccentricity of a wire within a nozzle. We demonstrate that both the angle and eccentricity significantly influence the Rayleigh-Plateau instability regimes. They both also influence characteristics, such as bead velocity along the wire, bead spacing

Jing-Wen Gao, Xiao-Song Yang

This paper presents a discrete homotopy theory and a discrete homology theory for finite posets. In particular, the discrete and classical homotopy groups of finite posets are always isomorphic. Moreover, this discrete homology theory is related to the discrete homotopy theory through a discrete analogue of the Hurewicz map.

Nabil Jabareen, Dongsheng Yuan, Sören Lukassen

This paper demonstrates that spatial information can be used to learn interpretable representations in medical images using Self-Supervised Learning (SSL). Our proposed method, ISImed, is based on the observation that medical images exhibit a much lower variability among different images compared to classic data vision benchmarks. By leveraging this resembla

Yue Hu, Yuzhu Cai, Yaxin Du, Xinyu Zhu

LLM-driven multi-agent collaboration (MAC) systems have demonstrated impressive capabilities in automatic software development at the function level. However, their heavy reliance on human design limits their adaptability to the diverse demands of real-world software development. To address this limitation, we introduce EvoMAC, a novel self-evolving paradigm

Junyeong Maeng, Kwanseok Oh, Wonsik Jung, Heung-Il Suk

Brain age transformation aims to convert reference brain images into synthesized images that accurately reflect the age-specific features of a target age group. The primary objective of this task is to modify only the age-related attributes of the reference image while preserving all other age-irrelevant attributes. However, achieving this goal poses substan

Xiangyu Zhang, Da Wang, Congjun Wu

Spin-orbit coupling in solids is typically a single-body effect arising from relativity. In this work, we propose a spontaneous generation of spin-orbit coupling from symmetry breaking. A spin-dependent electron-phonon coupling model is investigated on a half-filled square lattice, which is solved by sign-problem-free quantum Monte Carlo simulations. The pha