November 2024 arXiv papers — page 115

Piotr Z. Stasiak, Yiming Xing, Yousef Alihosseini, Carlo F. Barenghi

The minimum separation between reconnecting vortices in fluids and superfluids obeys a universal scaling law with respect to time. The pre-reconnection and the post-reconnection prefactors of this scaling law are different, a property related to irreversibility and to energy transfer and dissipation mechanisms. In the present work, we determine the temperatu

Malik Balogoun, Marco Bertola

In this paper, we analyze the asymptotic behaviour of the poles of certain rational solutions of the fifth Painlev\'e equation. These solutions are constructed by relating the corresponding tau function to a Hankel determinant of a certain sequence of moments. This approach was also used by one of the authors and collaborators in the study of the rational so

C. Alexandrou, S. Bacchio, A. De Santis, A. Evangelista

We present a lattice calculation of the Hadronic Vacuum Polarization (HVP) contribution of the strange and charm quarks to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon in isospin symmetric QCD. We employ the gauge configurations generated by the Extended Twisted Mass Collaboration (ETMC) with $N_f = 2 + 1 + 1$ flavors of Wilson-clover twisted-mass quarks at fiv

Irving Solis, James Motes, Mike Qin, Marco Morales

Multi-robot systems enhance efficiency and productivity across various applications, from manufacturing to surveillance. While single-robot motion planning has improved by using databases of prior solutions, extending this approach to multi-robot motion planning (MRMP) presents challenges due to the increased complexity and diversity of tasks and configurati

Philipp Strasberg, Joseph Schindler

We establish that the nonequilibrium dynamics of most pure states gives rise to the same entropy production as that of the corresponding ensemble, provided the effective dimension of the ensemble is large enough. This establishes the positivity of entropy production under a wide variety of nonequilibrium situations. Our results follow from dynamical typicali

Paul-Hieu V. Nguyen, Ryan Yee, Sameer K. Deshpande

Current implementations of Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART) are based on axis-aligned decision rules that recursively partition the feature space using a single feature at a time. Several authors have demonstrated that oblique trees, whose decision rules are based on linear combinations of features, can sometimes yield better predictions than axis-a

Manjunath Krishnapur, D. Yogeshwaran

We consider covariance asymptotics for linear statistics of a general stationary random measure in terms of its truncated pair correlation measure. These asymptotics are particularly of interest in the case of hyperuniform random measures. We give exact infinite series-expansion formulas for the covariance of smooth statistics of random measures involving hi

Matteo Acclavio, Giulia Manara

In this paper, we establish the foundations of a novel logical framework for the {\pi}-calculus, based on the deduction-as-computation paradigm. Following the standard proof-theoretic interpretation of logic programming, we represent processes as formulas, and we interpret proofs as computations. For this purpose, we define a cut-free sequent calculus for an

Alexis Anagnostakis, Sara Mazzonetto

In this paper, we study the asymptotic behavior of the number of crossings by a one-dimensional diffusion of a threshold where the process exhibits stickiness. We distinguish three types of crossings and show that to each type corresponds a distinct asymptotic regime for the respective number of crossings statistic. We introduce notions of bouncing as the sy

Muthu Vallinayagam, Melanie Nentwich, Dirk C. Meyer, Matthias Zschornak

We present detailed elaboration and first generally applicable linearization routines of the \textit{Parameter Space Concept} (PSC) for determining 1-dimensionally projected structures of $m$ independent scatterers. This crystal determination approach does not rely on Fourier inversion but rather considers all structure parameter combinations consistent with

Zhenzhong Xing, Karan K. Mehta

Laser cooling is fundamental to quantum computation and metrology with trapped ions, and can occupy a majority of runtime in current systems. A key limitation to cooling arises from unwanted carrier excitation, which in typically used running wave (RW) fields invariably accompanies the sideband transitions effecting cooling. We consider laser cooling in stru

Alberto Carpentieri, Jussi Leinonen, Jeff Adie, Boris Bonev

Accurate surface solar irradiance (SSI) forecasting is essential for optimizing renewable energy systems, particularly in the context of long-term energy planning on a global scale. This paper presents a pioneering approach to solar radiation forecasting that leverages recent advancements in numerical weather prediction (NWP) and data-driven machine learning

Mariia Rizhko, Joshua S. Bloom

While machine-learned models are now routinely employed to facilitate astronomical inquiry, model inputs tend to be limited to a primary data source (namely images or time series) and, in the more advanced approaches, some metadata. Yet with the growing use of wide-field, multiplexed observational resources, individual sources of interest often have a broad

Johan Asplund, Yash Deshmukh, Alex Pieloch

Let $R$ be a commutative ring spectrum. We construct the wrapped Donaldson--Fukaya category with coefficients in $R$ of any stably polarized Liouville sector. We show that any two $R$-orientable and isomorphic objects admit $R$-orientations so that their $R$-fundamental classes coincide. Our main result is that any closed exact Lagrangian $R$-brane in the co

Jianing Zhou, Han Li, Shuai Zhang, Ning Xie

Handling lengthy context is crucial for enhancing the recognition and understanding capabilities of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) in applications such as processing high-resolution images or high frame rate videos. The rise in image resolution and frame rate substantially increases computational demands due to the increased number of input tokens.

Yotam Dikstein, Siqi Liu, Avi Wigderson

We present two new explicit constructions of Cayley high dimensional expanders (HDXs) over the abelian group $\mathbb{F}_2^n$. Our expansion proofs use only linear algebra and combinatorial arguments. The first construction gives local spectral HDXs of any constant dimension and subpolynomial degree $\exp(n^\epsilon)$ for every $\epsilon >0$, improving on a

Bryan A. Terrazas, James Aird, Alison L. Coil

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are observed in diverse galaxy populations across time yet a clear understanding of how they coevolve with their hosts has not been reached. Physically-motivated models of SMBH accretion and feedback vary widely between galaxy formation simulations due to the difficulty of modeling the range of scales important for galactic a

Xinlin Zhao, Song Wang, Pengfei Wang, Chuanjie Zheng

We report the discovery of a close binary J0606+2132 (Gaia DR3 3423365496448406272) with $P_{\rm obs}=2.77$ days containing a possible massive white dwarf or a neutron star using the LAMOST spectroscopic data. By a joint fitting of the radial velocity from LAMOST and the light curve from TESS, we derived a circular Keplerian orbit with an inclination of $i=$

N. M. McStay, R. A. Reid-Edwards

Explicit examples of the AdS/CFT correspondence where both bulk and boundary theories are tractable are hard to come by, but the minimal tension string on $AdS_3 \times S^3 \times T^4$ is one notable example. In this paper, we discuss how one can construct sigma models on twistor space, with a particular focus on applying these techniques to the aforemention

Shutong Chen, Emmanouil Spyrakos-Papastavridis, Yichao Jin, Yansha Deng

As one of the most promising technologies in industry, the Digital Twin (DT) facilitates real-time monitoring and predictive analysis for real-world systems by precisely reconstructing virtual replicas of physical entities. However, this reconstruction faces unprecedented challenges due to the everincreasing communication overhead, especially for digital rob

R. de la Fuente Marcos, J. de Leon, M. Serra-Ricart, C. de la Fuente Marcos

Context. Small bodies in Earth-like orbits, the Arjunas, are good targets for scientific exploration, and space mining or in situ resource utilization (ISRU) trials as they enable low-cost missions. The subset of these objects that experience recurrent temporarily captured flyby or orbiter episodes are among the best ranked in terms of accessibility. Only a

Alessandro Rosa

We present OBJS, a new transpiler project featuring the implementation of typified variables and functions call management in Javascript, as well as several new operators and syntax patterns that could make coding more agile and versatile. The goal is to empower this language. According to this point of view, this transpiler aims at implementing Object Orien

Reece O'Mahoney, Alexander L. Mitchell, Wanming Yu, Ingmar Posner

We present a diffusion-based approach to quadrupedal locomotion that simultaneously addresses the limitations of learning and interpolating between multiple skills and of (modes) offline adapting to new locomotion behaviours after training. This is the first framework to apply classifier-free guided diffusion to quadruped locomotion and demonstrate its effic

Kham Lek Chaton, Markus Meuwly

The effect of replacing individual contributions to an empirical energy function are assessed for halogenated benzenes (X-Bz, X = H, F, Cl, Br) and chlorinated phenols (Cl-PhOH). Introducing electrostatic models based on distributed charges (MDCM) instead of usual atom-centered point charges yields overestimated hydration free energies unless the van der Waa

R. García-Delgado

In this work we state a version of the double extension for homogeneous quadratic Lie super algebras that includes even and odd cases. We prove that any indecomposable, non-simple and homogeneous quadratic Lie super algebra is obtained by means of this type of double extension. We also show that with this construction we can recover previously studied cases

Nabil Chems Eddine, Dušan D. Repovš

We introduce a novel framework for embedding anisotropic variable exponent Sobolev spaces into spaces of anisotropic variable exponent H\"{o}lder-continuous functions within rectangular domains. We establish a foundational approach to extend the concept of H\"{o}lder continuity to anisotropic settings with variable exponents, providing deeper insight into th

Ayman Shehata, Dinesh Kumar

The study is devoted to the construction of dynamical symmetry algebra of confluent hypergeometric function $_1F_1$ and $\Psi_2$-Humbert function and to derive some generating relations and reduction formulas for $_1F_1$ and $\Psi_2$ functions.

Chun-Fan Liu, Hsien Shang, Doug Johnstone, Tsung-Han Ai

The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Survey of Orion Planck Galactic Cold Clumps (ALMASOP) reveals complex nested morphological and kinematic features of molecular outflows through the CO (J = 2 - 1) and SiO (J = 5 - 4) emission. We characterize the jet and outflow kinematics of the ALMASOP sample in four representative sources (HOPS 10, 315, 358

Conrad Kosowsky

I show that U.S. incomes follow a one-parameter family of probability distributions over more than fifty years of data. I compare statistical models of income, and I highlight the inverse-gamma distribution as a parsimonious model that matches data particularly well and has straightforward theoretical interpretations. However, despite having relatively few p

I. S. Tupitsyn, N. V. Prokof'ev

Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) in the self-consistent Hartree-Fock (HF) basis is often used for describing complex many-body effects in material science applications. Its exact solution on the real-frequency axis at finite temperature for polarization using the diagrammatic Monte Carlo method [Phys. Rev. B \textbf{109}, 045152, (2024)] captures effects of mul

Jonas Nüßlein, Leo Sünkel, Jonas Stein, Tobias Rohe

QAOA is a quantum algorithm for solving combinatorial optimization problems. It is capable of searching for the minimizing solution vector $x$ of a QUBO problem $x^TQx$. The number of two-qubit CNOT gates in the QAOA circuit scales linearly in the number of non-zero couplings of $Q$ and the depth of the circuit scales accordingly. Since CNOT operations have

Iakovos Tzoka, M. Rooks, A. C. A. Ishida, A. Barajas

We present results from the characterization of a vertically stacked amorphous selenium (aSe)-based photodetector for use in cryogenic environments. aSe has been identified as an ideal photoconductor that can efficiently convert vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light to charges even at cryogenic temperatures. We have designed and fabricated an aSe device in vertical

Debojoti Kuzur

Rotational irregularities are one of the prominent observational features that most pulsars exhibit. These glitches, which are sudden increases in spin angular velocity, remains an open problem. In this study, we have investigated the potential role of nontrivial topological defects, specifically in the form of Nambu-goto-type CSs, and its connection to spin

Wei Tang, Kangning Cui, Raymond H. Chan, Jean-Michel Morel

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) is a major cardiovascular risk factor, linked to heart failure, arrhythmia, and sudden cardiac death, often resulting from chronic stress like hypertension. Electrocardiography (ECG), while varying in sensitivity, is widely accessible and cost-effective for detecting LVH-related morphological changes. This work introduces a

Alessandro Rosa

We present a technique for rendering limit sets for kleinian groups, based upon the base transformation of integers and which aims at saving memory resources and being faster than the traditional dictionary based approach.

Danilo Forastiere, Emanuele Locatelli, Gianmaria Falasco, Enzo Orlandini

Complex fluids subjected to localized microscopic energy inputs, typical of active microrheology setups, exhibit poorly understood nonequilibrium behaviors because of the intricate self-organization of their mesoscopic constituents. In this work we show how to identify changes in the microstructural conformation of the fluid by monitoring the variance of the

Christopher Broyles, Sougata Mardanya, Mengke Liu, Junyeong Ahn

Since the initial discovery of two-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) materials, significant effort has been made to incorporate the three properties of magnetism, band structure topology, and strong electron correlations $-$ to leverage emergent quantum phenomena and expand their potential applications. However, the discovery of a single vdW material that intr

Prince Mathew, Vincent Penelle, A. V. Sreejith

In this paper, we introduce a novel method for active learning of deterministic real-time one-counter automata (DROCA). The existing techniques for learning DROCA rely on observing the behaviour of the DROCA up to exponentially large counter-values. Our algorithm eliminates this need and requires only a polynomial number of queries. Additionally, our method

Jiawei Zheng, Petros Papapanagiotou, Jacques D. Fleuriot, Jane Hillston

Humans naturally follow distinct patterns when conducting their daily activities, which are driven by established practices and processes, such as production workflows, social norms and daily routines. Human activity recognition (HAR) algorithms usually use neural networks or machine learning techniques to analyse inherent relationships within the data. Howe

Suhas Hariharan, Zainab Ali Majid, Jaime Raldua Veuthey, Jacob Haimes

A key development in the cybersecurity evaluations space is the work carried out by Meta, through their CyberSecEval approach. While this work is undoubtedly a useful contribution to a nascent field, there are notable features that limit its utility. Key drawbacks focus on the insecure code detection part of Meta's methodology. We explore these limitations,

Phillip Teschner, Atul Shukla, Dieter Neher

The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs) has been largely improved by the introduction of novel non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). Further improvements in PCE require a more comprehensive understanding of the free charge generation process. Recently, the small PCE of donor-acceptor blends with low offsets between the relevant frontier

Newman Amoyaw, Abezu Agegnehu, Francesco Sottile, Matteo Gatti

This study presents an \textit{ab initio} investigation of the XANES spectra at the aluminum K edge for three compounds: Al$_2$O$_3$, AlF$_3$ and AlCl$_3$, where the Al atoms share the same oxidation state~(III) and are coordinated in an octahedral symmetry. The XANES spectra calculated within the independent-particle approximation reveal significant differe

Bo Zou, Allan H. MacDonald

We show that the ground state of a weakly charged two-dimensional electron-hole fluid in a strong magnetic field is a broken translation symmetry state with interpenetrating lattices of localized vortices and antivortices in the electron-hole-pair field. The vortices and antivortices carry fractional charges of equal sign but unequal magnitude and have a hon

Dan Calderone, Meeko Oishi

We consider two player quadratic games in a cooperative framework known as social value orientation, motivated by the need to account for complex interactions between humans and autonomous agents in dynamical systems. Social value orientation is a framework from psychology, that posits that each player incorporates the other player's cost into their own obje

Paola D'Aquino, Angus Macintyre

We prove that any product of a family of pseudofinite structures is pseudofinite. The main tools are the fundamental results on products of first order structures due to Feferman and Vaught.

M. Yaushev, D. Mishin, D. Tregubov, N. Kolachevsky

We report on building a pulsed source of cold Tm atoms and loading of the narrow-line magnito-optical trap (MOT) from the cold atomic beam. We achieve the loading rate of the first-stage MOT in the primary chamber up to $10^8$ atoms/s and obtain a cold atomic beam with the mean longitudinal velocity $\sim10$ m/s and angular spread of 18 mrad in a pulsed mode

Stéphane Druel, Jorge Vitório Pereira, Brent Pym, Frédéric Touzet

We investigate the structure of smooth holomorphic foliations with numerically flat tangent bundles on compact K\"ahler manifolds. Extending earlier results on non-uniruled projective manifolds by the second and fourth authors, we show that such foliations induce a decomposition of the tangent bundle of the ambient manifold, have leaves uniformized by Euclid

Amir Azarmehr, Soheil Behnezhad, Alma Ghafari, Ronitt Rubinfeld

Consider the following stochastic matching problem. Given a graph $G=(V, E)$, an unknown subgraph $G_p = (V, E_p)$ is realized where $E_p$ includes every edge of $E$ independently with some probability $p \in (0, 1]$. The goal is to query a sparse subgraph $H$ of $G$, such that the realized edges in $H$ include an approximate maximum matching of $G_p$. This

Tianyu Zhou, Pinqiao Wang, Yilin Wu, Hongyang Yang

As financial markets grow increasingly complex, there is a rising need for automated tools that can effectively assist human analysts in equity research, particularly within sell-side research. While Generative AI (GenAI) has attracted significant attention in this field, existing AI solutions often fall short due to their narrow focus on technical factors a

Allen Herman, Roghayeh Maleki, Andriaherimanana Sarobidy Razafimahatratra

Terwilliger algebras are finite-dimensional semisimple algebras that were first introduced by Paul Terwilliger in 1992 in studies of association schemes and distance-regular graphs. The Terwilliger algebras of the conjugacy class association schemes of the symmetric groups $\operatorname {sym}(n)$, for $3\leq n \leq 6$, have been studied and completely deter

Pankaj Agrawal, Subhadip Bisal, Biswajit Das, Debottam Das

We consider the rare decay channels of the $Z$ boson: $Z \to \text{two}\ \textrm{jets} + \gamma$ and $Z \to \text{two}\ \textrm{jets} +2\, \gamma$. To obtain the widths and distributions for these processes, we compute the effect of NLO QCD corrections to the processes $Z \to q {\bar q}+ \gamma$ and $Z \to q {\bar q} +2\, \gamma$. We find that these correcti

Vicki L. Herde, Souvik Bose, Phillip C. Chamberlin, Don Schmit

The Sun's chromosphere is a critical region to understand when considering energy and mass deposition into the transition region and corona, but many of the smaller, faster events which transport a portion of this mass and energy are still difficult to observe, identify and model. Solar Spicules are small, spike-like events in the solar chromosphere that hav

Jijie Zou, Zhanghao Zhouyin, Dongying Lin, Yike Huang

Quantum transport simulations are essential for understanding and designing nanoelectronic devices, yet the long-standing trade-off between accuracy and computational efficiency has limited their practical applications. We present DeePTB-NEGF, an integrated framework combining deep learning tight-binding Hamiltonian prediction with non-equilibrium Green's Fu

Sourabhashis Das

For a natural number n, let M(n) denote the maximum exponent of any prime power dividing n, and let m(n) denote the minimum exponent of any prime power dividing n. We study the second moments of these arithmetic functions and establish their limiting distributions. We introduce a new discrete probabilistic distribution dependent on a function f taking values

Berfin Şimşek, Amire Bendjeddou, Daniel Hsu

This work focuses on the gradient flow dynamics of a neural network model that uses correlation loss to approximate a multi-index function on high-dimensional standard Gaussian data. Specifically, the multi-index function we consider is a sum of neurons $f^*(x) \!=\! \sum_{j=1}^k \! \sigma^*(v_j^T x)$ where $v_1, \dots, v_k$ are unit vectors, and $\sigma^*$

Jan Grebík, Cecelia Higgins

We show that the set of locally finite Borel graphs with finite Borel asymptotic dimension is $\mathbf{\Sigma}^1_2$-complete. The result is based on a combinatorial characterization of finite Borel asymptotic dimension for graphs generated by a single Borel function. As an application of this characterization, we classify the complexities of digraph homomorp

Fabian Crocce, Ernesto Mordecki

Consider the discounted optimal stopping problem for a real valued Markov process with only positive jumps. We provide a theorem to verify that the optimal stopping region has the form {x >= x^*} for some critical threshold x^*, and a representation formula for the value function of the problem in terms of the Green kernel of the process, based on Dynkin's c

Xinguang Chen, Zhengwen Liu

We compute the tree-level current for the emission of two soft quark-antiquark pairs in a hard scattering. We also compute the square of this current and discuss the resulting color correlations, featuring dipole correlations and three-parton correlations. This object is essential for analyzing the infrared singularities at next-to-next-to-next-to-next-to-le

Chang Yang, Xinrun Wang, Junzhe Jiang, Qinggang Zhang

World model emerges as a key module in decision making, where MuZero and Dreamer achieve remarkable successes in complex tasks. Recent work leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) as general world simulators to simulate the dynamics of the world due to their generalizability. LLMs also serve as the world model for deliberative reasoning in Reasoning via Plann

Juan M. Z. Pretel, Sergio B. Duarte, José D. V. Arbañil, Mariana Dutra

By considering realistic equations of state (EoSs) to describe the ordinary matter of the stellar crust, in this study, we explore the effect of a dark energy core, made of Chaplygin Dark Fluid (CDF), on neutron stars (NSs). To accomplish this purpose, we solve the stellar structure equations and investigate the impact of the CDF parameters on the several ma

Emma L. McDaniel, Armin R. Mikler, Chetan Tiwari, Murray Patterson

This work concerns an alignment problem that has applications in many geospatial problems such as resource allocation and building reliable disease maps. Here, we introduce the problem of optimally aligning $k$ collections of $m$ spatial supports over $n$ spatial units in a $d$-dimensional Euclidean space. We show that the 1-dimensional case is solvable in t

Behnoosh Zamanlooy, Mario Diaz, Shahab Asoodeh

Local differential privacy (LDP) is increasingly employed in privacy-preserving machine learning to protect user data before sharing it with an untrusted aggregator. Most LDP methods assume that users possess only a single data record, which is a significant limitation since users often gather extensive datasets (e.g., images, text, time-series data) and fre

Harry Mayne, Yushi Yang, Adam Mahdi

Steering vectors are a promising approach to control the behaviour of large language models. However, their underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. While sparse autoencoders (SAEs) may offer a potential method to interpret steering vectors, recent findings show that SAE-reconstructed vectors often lack the steering properties of the original vectors.

Min Sang Cho, Paul E. Grabowski, Kowshik Thopalli, Thathachar S. Jayram

The integration of machine learning techniques into Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) simulations has emerged as a powerful approach for enhancing computational efficiency. By replacing the costly Non-Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (NLTE) model with machine learning models, significant reductions in calculation time have been achieved. However, determining

Yoni Teitelbaum, Shai Arnon, Aaron Packman, Scott K. Hansen

Existing works that predict bedform-induced hyporheic exchange flux (HEF) typically either assume a simplified streambed shape and corresponding sinusoidal head distribution or rely on costly computational fluid dynamics simulations. Experimental data have been lacking for the formulation of a priori prediction rules for hydraulic head and flux distributions

Liming Ling, Dmitry E. Pelinovsky, Huajie Su

We investigate the spectral stability of non-degenerate vector soliton solutions and the nonlinear stability of breather solutions for the coupled nonlinear Schrodinger (CNLS) equations. The non-degenerate vector solitons are spectrally stable despite the linearized operator admits either embedded or isolated eigenvalues of negative Krein signature. The nonl

Grigory Olkhovikov

We define a natural notion of standard translation for the formulas of conditional logic which is analogous to the standard translation of modal formulas into the first-order logic. We briefly show that this translation works (modulo a lightweight first-order encoding of the conditional models) for the minimal classical conditional logic $\mathsf{CK}$ introd

Nghia Trung Ngo, Thien Huu Nguyen

The majority of previous researches addressing multi-lingual IE are limited to zero-shot cross-lingual single-transfer (one-to-one) setting, with high-resource languages predominantly as source training data. As a result, these works provide little understanding and benefit for the realistic goal of developing a multi-lingual IE system that can generalize to

Martin Bullinger, Edith Elkind, Mohamad Latifian

We consider a stylized formal model of public transportation, where a set of agents need to travel along a given road, and there is a bus that runs the length of this road. Each agent has a left terminal and a right terminal between which they wish to travel; they can walk all the way, or walk to/from the nearest stop and use the bus for the rest of their jo

R. M. Winter, O. Engelsen, O. J. Bratting, N. Brekke

Purpose: Radiotherapy commonly relies on CT, but there is growing interest in using hybrid PET/MR. Therefore, dedicated hardware setups have been proposed for PET/MR systems which enable imaging in radiotherapy treatment position. These radiotherapy setups typically include a flat tabletop, positioning tools and coil holders specifically tailored to the devi

Zihao Guo, Andrea Araldo, Mounîm A. El Yacoubi

In broad terms, accessibility measures opportunities reachable (such as shops, residents, etc.) within a given time frame. Urban Rail Transit (URT) plays a crucial role in providing accessibility, but it is susceptible to disruptions. In city centers with dense public transport (PT) networks, travelers can often find alternative lines. However, in suburbs wh

Ruixiao Yao, Sungjae Chi, Mingxuan Wang, Richard J. Fletcher

We demonstrate atom-resolved detection of itinerant bosonic $^{23}$Na and fermionic $^6$Li quantum gases, enabling the direct in situ measurement of interparticle correlations. In contrast to prior work on lattice-trapped gases, here we realize microscopy of quantum gases in the continuum. We reveal Bose-Einstein condensation with single-atom resolution, mea

Jinggang Xiang, Enid Cruz-Colón, Candice C. Chua, William R. Milner

We report the first in situ observation of density fluctuations on the scale of the thermal de Broglie wavelength in an ultracold gas of bosons. Bunching of $^{87}$Rb atoms in a quasi two-dimensional system is observed by single-atom imaging using a quantum gas microscope. Compared to a classical ensemble, we observe a 30 percent enhancement of the second-or

Jeffrey Näf, Junhyung Park, Herbert Susmann

The conditional average treatment effect (CATE) is a commonly targeted statistical parameter for measuring the effect of a treatment conditional on covariates. However, the CATE will fail to capture effects of treatments beyond differences in conditional expectations. Inspired by causal forests for CATE estimation, we develop a forest-based method to estimat

Pit Henrich, Franziska Mathis-Ullrich, Paul Maria Scheikl

Accurately determining the shape of deformable objects and the location of their internal structures is crucial for medical tasks that require precise targeting, such as robotic biopsies. We introduce LUDO, a method for accurate low-latency understanding of deformable objects. LUDO reconstructs objects in their deformed state, including their internal struct

Tim de Jongh, Joris Verstraten, Maxime Dixmerias, Cyprien Daix

Microscopically probing quantum many-body systems by resolving their constituent particles is essential for understanding quantum matter. In most physical systems, distinguishing individual particles, such as electrons in solids, or neutrons and quarks in neutron stars, is impossible. Atom-based quantum simulators offer a unique platform that enables the ima

Stefan Bastl, Rhuaidi Burke, Rima Chatterjee, Subhankar Dey

We show that there exists an algorithm that takes as input two closed, simply connected, topological 4-manifolds and decides whether or not these 4-manifolds are homeomorphic. In particular, we explain in detail how closed, simply connected, topological 4-manifolds can be naturally represented by a Kirby diagram consisting only of 2-handles. This representat

Ze-Fan Wang, Lei Lei, Lei Feng, Yi-Zhong Fan

It was hypothesized in the literature that some physical parameters may be time-evolving and the astrophysical data can serve as a probe. Recently, James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have released its early observations. In this work, we select the JWST spectroscopic observations of the high redshift ($z>7.1$) galaxies with strong [OIII] ($\lambda=4959$ \AA \

Shabarish Chenakkod, Michał Dereziński, Xiaoyu Dong

An oblivious subspace embedding is a random $m\times n$ matrix $\Pi$ such that, for any $d$-dimensional subspace, with high probability $\Pi$ preserves the norms of all vectors in that subspace within a $1\pm\epsilon$ factor. In this work, we give an oblivious subspace embedding with the optimal dimension $m=\Theta(d/\epsilon^2)$ that has a near-optimal spar

Muneeswaran R, Srilakshmi Krishnamoorthy, Subham Bhakta

Iizuka's conjecture predicts that, given $m \in \mathbb{N}$ and a prime $p$, there exists infinitely many integers $n$ such that the class numbers of \textit{all} of the following quadratic number fields, \[ \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{n}),\ \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{n+1}),\ \ldots,\ \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{n+m}), \] are divisible by $p$. In this article, given $k$ and $m$, we study t

David S. Robertson, Thomas Burnett, Babak Choodari-Oskooei, Munya Dimairo

In adaptive clinical trials, the conventional confidence interval (CI) for a treatment effect is prone to undesirable properties such as undercoverage and potential inconsistency with the final hypothesis testing decision. Accordingly, as is stated in recent regulatory guidance on adaptive designs, there is the need for caution in the interpretation of CIs c

Daniel Luckhardt, Harsh Beohar, Sebastian Küpper

It is well known that Kleisli categories provide a natural language to model side effects. For instance, in the theory of coalgebras, behavioural equivalence coincides with language equivalence (instead of bisimilarity) when nondeterministic automata are modelled as coalgebras living in the Kleisli category of the powerset monad. In this paper, our aim is to

Rômulo Damasclin Chaves dos Santos

This paper extends the mathematical theory of axisymmetrization and vorticity depletion within the two-dimensional (2D) Euler equations, with an emphasis on the dynamics of radially symmetric, monotonic vorticity profiles. By analyzing inviscid damping, we establish new optimal decay rates for radial and angular velocity components in weighted Sobolev spaces

Yanting Chen, Yi Ren, Xiaoting Qin, Jue Zhang

Video recordings of user activities, particularly desktop recordings, offer a rich source of data for understanding user behaviors and automating processes. However, despite advancements in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) and their increasing use in video analysis, extracting user actions from desktop recordings remains an underexplored area. This paper addres

Yifei Jin, Ali Maatouk, Sarunas Girdzijauskas, Shugong Xu

Wireless ray-tracing (RT) is emerging as a key tool for three-dimensional (3D) wireless channel modeling, driven by advances in graphical rendering. Current approaches struggle to accurately model beyond 5G (B5G) network signaling, which often operates at higher frequencies and is more susceptible to environmental conditions and changes. Existing online lear

Hanqing Bi, Suresh Neethirajan

This study investigates the correlation between dairy farm characteristics and methane concentrations as derived from satellite observations in Eastern Canada. Utilizing data from 11 dairy farms collected between January 2020 and December 2022, we integrated Sentinel-5P satellite methane data with critical farm-level attributes, including herd genetics, feed

Vishnu Iyer, Daniel Liang

We study the problem of tolerant testing of stabilizer states. In particular, we give the first such algorithm that accepts mixed state inputs. Formally, given a mixed state $\rho$ that either has fidelity at least $\varepsilon_1$ with some stabilizer pure state or fidelity at most $\varepsilon_2$ with all such states, where $\varepsilon_2 \leq \varepsilon_1

Bogdan A. Danciu, Vito A. Pagone, Benjamin Böhm, Marius Schmidt

The paper presents a Graph Attention Convolutional Network (GACN) for flow reconstruction from very sparse data in time-varying geometries. The model incorporates a feature propagation algorithm as a preprocessing step to handle extremely sparse inputs, leveraging information from neighboring nodes to initialize missing features. In addition, a binary indica

Christian Laudagé, Felix-Benedikt Liebrich, Jörn Sass

We revisit the recently introduced concept of return risk measures (RRMs) and extend it by incorporating risk management via multiple so-called eligible assets. The resulting new class of risk measures, termed multi-asset return risk measures (MARRMs), introduces a novel economic model for multiplicative risk sharing. We analyze properties of these risk meas

Enrico Peretti, Maria Petropoulou, Georgios Vasilopoulos, Stefano Gabici

Super-Eddington accretion onto stellar-mass compact objects powers fast outflows in ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULXs). Such outflows, which can reach mildly relativistic velocities, are often observed forming bubble structures. Wind bubbles are expected to develop strong wind termination shocks, which are sites of great interest for diffusive shock acceler

Swetha Rani Kasimalla, Kuchan Park, Junho Hong, Young-Jin Kim

The integration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) into power distribution systems has made microgrids foundational to grid modernization. These DERs, connected through power electronic inverters, create power electronics dominated grid architecture, introducing unique challenges for fault detection. While external line faults are widely studied, inverte

Olga Avramenko, Volodymyr Naradovyi

The propagation of internal waves in a hydrodynamic system comprising a solid bottom and an upper half-space is investigated. The study is conducted within the framework of a nonlinear low-dimensional model incorporating surface tension on an interface using the method of multi-scale expansions. The evolution equation of the envelope of the wave packet takes

Mustafa Kütük, Hamdullah Yücel

This paper investigates a numerical solution of Allen-Cahn equation with constant and degenerate mobility, with polynomial and logarithmic energy functionals, with deterministic and random initial functions, and with advective term in one, two, and three spatial dimensions, based on the physics-informed neural network (PINN). To improve the learning capacity

Steven Rivetti, Ozlem Tugfe Demir, Emil Bjornson, Mikael Skoglund

In this paper, we investigate the performance of an integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system within a cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. Each access point (AP) operates in the millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency band. The APs jointly serve the user equipments (UEs) in the downlink while simultaneously detecting a target

Qin Jiang, Chengjia Wang, Michael Lones, Yingfang Yuan

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have advanced relational data analysis but lack invariance learning techniques common in image classification. In node classification with GNNs, it is actually the ego-graph of the center node that is classified. This research extends the scale invariance concept to node classification by drawing an analogy to image processing: j

Juan Florez

Non-commutative geometry has significantly contributed to quantum mechanics by providing mathematical tools to extract topological and geometrical information from these systems. This thesis explores the methods used by Jean Bellissard and collaborators for analyzing homogeneous materials. The focus is on two topological algebras that extend Fourier analysis

Yangyang Li, Xuanting Hao, Ronghua Shang, Licheng Jiao

In view of the fact that semi- and self-supervised learning share a fundamental principle, effectively modeling knowledge from unlabeled data, various semi-supervised semantic segmentation methods have integrated representative self-supervised learning paradigms for further regularization. However, the potential of the state-of-the-art generative self-superv

Sareh Soltani Nejad, Anwar Haque

The widespread implementation of urban surveillance systems has necessitated more sophisticated techniques for anomaly detection to ensure enhanced public safety. This paper presents a significant advancement in the field of anomaly detection through the application of Two-Stream Inflated 3D (I3D) Convolutional Networks. These networks substantially outperfo

Arabinda Ghosh, Mahmoud Salamati, Sadegh Soudjani

This paper presents a step towards a formal controller design method for autonomous agents based on knowledge awareness to improve decision-making. Our approach is to first create an organized repository of information (a knowledge base) for autonomous agents which can be accessed and then translated into temporal specifications. Secondly, to develop a contr

Sagnik Majumder, Tushar Nagarajan, Ziad Al-Halah, Reina Pradhan

Given a multi-view video, which viewpoint is most informative for a human observer? Existing methods rely on heuristics or expensive "best-view" supervision to answer this question, limiting their applicability. We propose a weakly supervised approach that leverages language accompanying an instructional multi-view video as a means to recover its most inform