November 2024 arXiv papers — page 84

B. Cagri Sarar, M. Erden Yildizdag, Francesco Fabbrocino, B. Emek Abali

The layer-upon-layer approach in additive manufacturing, open or closed cells in polymeric or metallic foams involve an intrinsic microstructure tailored to the underlying applications. Homogenization of such architectured materials creates metamaterials modeled by higher-gradient models, specifically when the microstructure's characteristic length is compar

Reza Asad, Reza Babanezhad, Issam Laradji, Nicolas Le Roux

Natural policy gradient (NPG) is a common policy optimization algorithm and can be viewed as mirror ascent in the space of probabilities. Recently, Vaswani et al. [2021] introduced a policy gradient method that corresponds to mirror ascent in the dual space of logits. We refine this algorithm, removing its need for a normalization across actions and analyze

Aurora Lithe Roy, Md Kamrul Siam, Nuzhat Noor Islam Prova, Sumaiya Jahan

Diabetes, particularly Type 2 diabetes (T2D), poses a substantial global health burden, compounded by its associated complications such as cardiovascular diseases, kidney failure, and vision impairment. Early detection of T2D is critical for improving healthcare outcomes and optimizing resource allocation. In this study, we address the gap in early T2D detec

Nathan Hall

If a graph $G$ can be embedded on the torus, and be embedded linklessly in $\mathbb{R}^3$, it's not known whether or not we can always find a linkless embedding of $G$ contained in the standard (unknotted) torus; We show that, for orders 9 and below, any graph which is both embeddable on the torus, and linklessly in $\mathbb{R}^3$, can be embedded linklessly

Mohammad Shafiei, Sahar Safavi Moayeri, Milorad V. Milošević

Chirality, a fundamental property of asymmetric structures, plays a crucial role in pharmaceutical, biological and chemical systems, offering a powerful tool for screening organic compounds. While the conventional optical chirality detectors are often bulky and involuted, the topological insulators (TIs) offer a promising platform for developing compact yet

Niklas Braband, Arman Mansouri, Riza Fazili, Stefanie Czischek

The polarization of light is critical in various applications, including quantum communication, where the photon polarization encoding a qubit can undergo uncontrolled changes when transmitted through optical fibers. Bends in the fiber, internal and external stresses, and environmental factors cause these polarization changes, which lead to errors and therei

J. Alex Hurt, Anes Ouadou, Mariam Alshehri, Grant J. Scott

Throughout the scientific computing space, deep learning algorithms have shown excellent performance in a wide range of applications. As these deep neural networks (DNNs) continue to mature, the necessary compute required to train them has continued to grow. Today, modern DNNs require millions of FLOPs and days to weeks of training to generate a well-trained

Gadi Fibich, Tomer Levin, Steven Schochet

We derive novel analytic tools for the Bass and SI models on networks for the spreading of innovations and epidemics on networks. We prove that the correlation between the nonadoption (noninfection) probabilities of $L \ge 2$ disjoint subsets of nodes $\{A_l\}_{l=1}^L$ is non-negative, find the necessary and sufficient condition that determines whether this

Ruicheng Ao, Hongyu Chen, David Simchi-Levi

In this work, we introduce a new framework for active experimentation, the Prediction-Guided Active Experiment (PGAE), which leverages predictions from an existing machine learning model to guide sampling and experimentation. Specifically, at each time step, an experimental unit is sampled according to a designated sampling distribution, and the actual outco

Jake S. Rhodes, Adam G. Rustad

Manifold alignment is a type of data fusion technique that creates a shared low-dimensional representation of data collected from multiple domains, enabling cross-domain learning and improved performance in downstream tasks. This paper presents an approach to manifold alignment using random forests as a foundation for semi-supervised alignment algorithms, le

Jeroen Koekkoek, Daniel Lemire

The Domain Name System (DNS) plays a critical role in the functioning of the Internet. It provides a hierarchical name space for locating resources. Data is typically stored in plain text files, possibly spanning gigabytes. Frequent parsing of these files to refresh the data is computationally expensive: processing a zone file can take minutes. We propose a

Margaret Bayer, Herman Chau, Mark Denker, Owen Goff

We study Defant and Kravitz's generalization of Sch\"utzenberger's promotion operator to arbitrary labelings of finite posets in two directions. Defant and Kravitz showed that applying the promotion operator $n-1$ times to a labeling of a poset on $n$ elements always gives a natural labeling of the poset and called a labeling tangled if it requires the full

Emil Vladu, Anders Rantzer

In this paper, we provide the following simple equivalent condition for a nonsymmetric Algebraic Riccati Equation to admit a stabilizing cone-preserving solution: an associated coefficient matrix must be stable. The result holds under the assumption that said matrix be cross-positive on a proper cone, and it both extends and completes a corresponding suffici

Jesse T. Holzer, Stephen Elbert, Hans Mittelmann, Richard O'Neill

This paper describes the Grid Optimization (GO) Competition Challenge 3, focusing on the problem motivation, formulation, solvers submitted by competition entrants, and analysis of the solutions produced. Funded by DOE/ARPA-E and led by a collaboration of national labs and academia members, the GO Competition addresses challenging problems in power systems p

Mohammad R. Salmanpour, Morteza Alizadeh, Ghazal Mousavi, Saba Sadeghi

This study evaluates metrics for tasks such as classification, regression, clustering, correlation analysis, statistical tests, segmentation, and image-to-image (I2I) translation. Metrics were compared across Python libraries, R packages, and Matlab functions to assess their consistency and highlight discrepancies. The findings underscore the need for a unif

Peter Gao, Kazumasa Ohno

Clouds and hazes are abundant in the thin and cold atmospheres of Triton and Pluto, where they are thought to be produced by interactions between atmospheric gases and ultraviolet photons from the Sun and those scattered by the local interstellar medium. These interactions lead to a rich network of chemical reactions that produces higher order hydrocarbons a

Ayoub El Hanchi, Chris J. Maddison, Murat A. Erdogdu

Given a collection of feature maps indexed by a set $\mathcal{T}$, we study the performance of empirical risk minimization (ERM) on regression problems with square loss over the union of the linear classes induced by these feature maps. This setup aims at capturing the simplest instance of feature learning, where the model is expected to jointly learn from t

Israt Zarin Era, Fan Zhou, Ahmed Shoyeb Raihan, Imtiaz Ahmed

Directed Energy Deposition (DED) offers significant potential for manufacturing complex and multi-material parts. However, internal defects such as porosity and cracks can compromise mechanical properties and overall performance. This study focuses on in-situ monitoring and characterization of melt pools associated with porosity, aiming to improve defect det

Daniel Forero-Sánchez, Michael Rashkovetskyi, Otávio Alves, Arnaud de Mattia

The estimation of uncertainties in cosmological parameters is an important challenge in Large-Scale-Structure (LSS) analyses. For standard analyses such as Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) and Full Shape, two approaches are usually considered. First: analytical estimates of the covariance matrix use Gaussian approximations and (nonlinear) clustering measur

M. Ishak, J. Pan, R. Calderon, K. Lodha

We present cosmological constraints on deviations from general relativity (GR) from the first-year of clustering observations from Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) in combination with other datasets. We first consider $\mu(a,k)$-$\Sigma(a,k)$ modified gravity (MG) parametrization (as well as $\eta(a,k)$) in flat $\Lambda$CDM and $w_0 w_a$CDM backg

D. Bianchi, M. M. S Hanif, A. Carnero Rosell, J. Lasker

We present an in-depth analysis of the fiber assignment incompleteness in the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Data Release 1 (DR1). This incompleteness is caused by the restricted mobility of the robotic fiber positioner in the DESI focal plane, which limits the number of galaxies that can be observed at the same time, especially at small angular

A. J. Rosado-Marín, A. J. Ross, H. Seo, M. Rezaie

Emission Line Galaxies (ELGs) are one of the main tracers that the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) uses to probe the universe. However, they are afflicted by strong spurious correlations between target density and observing conditions known as imaging systematics. We present the imaging systematics mitigation applied to the DESI Data Release 1 (D

N. Findlay, S. Nadathur, W. J. Percival, A. de Mattia

We analyse the robustness of the DESI 2024 cosmological inference from the full shape of the galaxy power spectrum to uncertainties in the Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) model of the galaxy-halo connection and the choice of priors on nuisance parameters. We assess variations in the recovered cosmological parameters across a range of mocks populated with

DESI Collaboration, A. G. Adame, J. Aguilar, S. Ahlen

We present cosmological results from the measurement of clustering of galaxy, quasar and Lyman-$\alpha$ forest tracers from the first year of observations with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI Data Release 1). We adopt the full-shape (FS) modeling of the power spectrum, including the effects of redshift-space distortions, in an analysis which h

A. G. Adame, J. Aguilar, S. Ahlen, S. Alam

We present the measurements and cosmological implications of the galaxy two-point clustering using over 4.7 million unique galaxy and quasar redshifts in the range $0.1<z<2.1$ divided into six redshift bins over a $\sim 7,500$ square degree footprint, from the first year of observations with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI Data Release 1). By

DESI Collaboration, A. G. Adame, J. Aguilar, S. Ahlen

We present the samples of galaxies and quasars used for DESI 2024 cosmological analyses, drawn from the DESI Data Release 1 (DR1). We describe the construction of large-scale structure (LSS) catalogs from these samples, which include matched sets of synthetic reference `randoms' and weights that account for variations in the observed density of the samples d

Rupak Majumdar, Mahmoud Salamati, Sadegh Soudjani

Learning to control an unknown dynamical system with respect to high-level temporal specifications is an important problem in control theory. We present the first regret-free online algorithm for learning a controller for linear temporal logic (LTL) specifications for systems with unknown dynamics. We assume that the underlying (unknown) dynamics is modeled

Alejandro Cabo-Bizet, Wei Li

We show the existence of infinitely many Bethe expansions for general four dimensional superconformal theories. We then propose an analytic method to systematically obtain all the Bethe solutions, both isolated and continuous, for general superconformal theories. In particular, we show that the contribution from the continuous manifold of solutions to the in

Moosung Lee, Tobias Hanke, Sara Launer, Sungkun Hong

Optically levitated dielectric nanoparticles have become valuable tools for precision sensing and quantum optomechanical experiments. To predict the dynamic properties of a particle trapped in an optical tweezer with high fidelity, a tool is needed to compute the particle's response to the given optical field accurately. Here, we utilise a numerical solution

Nicholas J. Irons, Adrian E. Raftery

Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) in response to the COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a trade-off between the health impacts of viral spread and the social and economic costs of restrictions. We conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of NPI policies enacted at the state level in the United States in 2020. Although school closures reduced viral transmissio

Chenliang Zhou, Zheyuan Hu, Alejandro Sztrajman, Yancheng Cai

High-quality material synthesis is essential for replicating complex surface properties to create realistic scenes. Despite advances in the generation of material appearance based on analytic models, the synthesis of real-world measured BRDFs remains largely unexplored. To address this challenge, we propose M^3ashy, a novel multi-modal material synthesis fra

Daniel Ajeleye

Autonomous systems, including robots and drones, face significant challenges when navigating through dynamic environments, particularly within urban settings where obstacles, fluctuating traffic, and pedestrian activity are constantly shifting. Although, traditional motion planning algorithms like the wavefront planner and gradient descent planner, which use

Hasnat Jamil Bhuiyan, Mubtasim Fuad Mozumder, Md. Rabiul Islam Khan, Md. Sabbir Ahmed

The primary concern of this research is to take American Sign Language (ASL) data through real time camera footage and be able to convert the data and information into text. Adding to that, we are also putting focus on creating a framework that can also convert text into sign language in real time which can help us break the language barrier for the people w

Marco Hening Tallarico, Pablo Olivares

This paper studies pricing of weather-derivative (WD) contracts on temperature and precipitation. For temperature-linked strangles in Toronto and Chicago, we benchmark a harmonic-regression/ARMA model against a feed-forward neural network (NN), finding that the NN reduces out-of-sample mean-squared error (MSE) and materially shifts December fair values relat

Chenghong He, Di Wu, Xi Zhang

We prove that there is no nontrivial $L^2$-integrable harmonic 1-form on noncompact complete gradient steady Ricci solitons or noncompact complete gradient shrinking K\"{a}hler-Ricci solitons. As an application, it can be used to distinguish certain flat vector bundles that arise from fundamental group representations into $SL(r,\mathbb{C})$.

Jason Qin, Hans-Hermann Wessels, Carlos Fernandez-Granda, Yuhan Hao

The advancement of novel combinatorial CRISPR screening technologies enables the identification of synergistic gene combinations on a large scale. This is crucial for developing novel and effective combination therapies, but the combinatorial space makes exhaustive experimentation infeasible. We introduce NAIAD, an active learning framework that efficiently

Michael A. Bennett, István Pink, Ingrid Vukusic

In this paper, we extend recent work of the third author and Ziegler on triples of integers $(a,b,c)$, with the property that each of $(a,b,c)$, $(a+1,b+1,c+1)$ and $(a+2,b+2,c+2)$ is multiplicatively dependent, completely classifying such triples in case $a=2$. Our techniques include a variety of elementary arguments together with more involved machinery fr

Toni Hirvonen, Mahmoud Namazi

A multichannel extension to the RVQGAN neural coding method is proposed, and realized for data-driven compression of third-order Ambisonics audio. The input- and output layers of the generator and discriminator models are modified to accept multiple (16) channels without increasing the model bitrate. We also propose a loss function for accounting for spatial

Jasper Leonora P. D. Kamermans, A. Renske A. C. Wierda

Dark matter is theorised to form massive haloes, which could be further condensed into so-called spikes when a black hole grows at the centre of such a halo. The existence of these spikes is instrumental for several dark matter detection schemes such as indirect detection and imprints on gravitational wave inspirals, but all previous work on their formation

Aboutaleb Haddadi, Evangelos Farantatos, Ilhan Kocar

The integration of Inverter-Based Resource (IBR) model into phasor-domain short circuit (SC) solvers challenges their numerical stability. To address the challenge, this paper proposes a solver that improves numerical stability by employing the Newton-Raphson iterative method. The solver can integrate the latest implementation of IBR SC model in industry-sta

Xinhua Wu, Qi R. Wang

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in areas influencing societal outcomes, it is critical to understand their tendency to perpetuate and amplify biases. This study investigates whether LLMs exhibit biases in predicting human mobility -- a fundamental human behavior -- based on race and gender. Using three prominent LLMs -- GPT-4, Gemini

Gene C. K. Leung, Steven L. Finkelstein, Pablo G. Pérez-González, Alexa M. Morales

JWST has revealed a large population of compact, red galaxies at $z>4$ known as Little Red Dots (LRDs). We analyze the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of 95 LRDs from the JWST PRIMER survey with complete photometric coverage from $1-18\ \mu$m using NIRCam and MIRI imaging, representing the most extensive SED analysis on a large LRD sample with long-wave

Emmanouil Semidalas, A. Daniel Boese, Jan M. L. Martin

For noncovalent interactions, it is generally assumed that CCSD(T) is nearly the exact solution within the 1-particle basis set. For the S66 noncovalent interactions benchmark, we present for the majority of species CCSDT and CCSDT(Q) corrections with a polarized double-zeta basis set. For hydrogen bonds, pure London complexes, and mixed-influence complexes,

Anton Gorodetski, Victor Kleptsyn, Grigorii Monakov

We prove Central Limit Theorem for non-stationary random products of $SL(2, \mathbb{R})$ matrices, generalizing the classical results by Le Page and Tutubalin that were obtained in the case of iid random matrix products.

Libing Zeng, Nima Khademi Kalantari

With the advances in generative adversarial networks (GANs) and neural rendering, 3D relightable face generation has received significant attention. Among the existing methods, a particularly successful technique uses an implicit lighting representation and generates relit images through the product of synthesized albedo and light-dependent shading images. W

Mirali Jafari, Nasim Rahmani-Ivriq, Anna Dyrdal

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), like VS2, display unique electronic, magnetic, and optical properties, making them promising for spintronic and optoelectronic applications. Using first-principles calculations based on the Density Functional Theory (DFT), we study the effect of Fe-doping on the electronic and magnetic properties of a VS2 monolayer. T

Tong Xie, Hanzhi Zhang, Shaozhou Wang, Yuwei Wan

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is widely used to supply summarization ability from long context to structured information. However, extracting structured knowledge from scientific text by NLP models remains a challenge because of its domain-specific nature to complex data preprocessing and the granularity of multi-layered device-level information. To addr

Austin J. King, Benjamin C. Bromley

Light echoes offer a means of studying protoplanetary disks, including their geometry and composition, even when they are not spatially resolved. We present a test of this approach applied specifically to optically thick, geometrically flared disks around active stars. Here we adopt stellar parameters of an active M dwarf to calculate light echoes for disks

Kevin Weinberger, David Müller, Martin Mönnigmann, Aydin Sezgin

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) are emerging as a key technology for sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks, leveraging adjustable reflecting elements to dynamically control electromagnetic wave propagation and optimize wireless connectivity. By positioning the RIS on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), it can maintain line-of-sight and proximity to

I. Gutierrez-Sagredo, D. Iglesias Ponte, J. C. Marrero, E. Padrón

In 1986, Albert proposed a Marsden-Weinstein reduction process for cosymplectic structures. In this paper, we present the limitations of this theory in the application of the reduction of symmetric time-dependent Hamiltonian systems. As a consequence, we conclude that cosymplectic geometry is not appropriate for this reduction. Motived for this fact, we repl

Tripp Moss, Roman Poberezhniuk, Volodymyr Vovchenko

We extend the recently developed quantum van der Waals quarkyonic matter to non-zero isospin asymmetries by utilizing the two-component van der Waals equation with a generalized excluded volume prescription. The isospin dependence of van der Waals interaction parameters is determined by constraints on the symmetry energy, slope of the symmetry energy, and nu

Chern Chuang, Bih-Yaw Jin

We introduce a square tiling/tetragonal strip representation to the P, D, and G triply periodic minimal surfaces. This approach is useful in identifying mixtures and grain boundaries of these surfaces that might be useful for material sciences or advanced manufacturing purposes. Generalizations to more complicated strip topology (multi-strand) as well as oth

G. Borisov, N. Todorovic, E. Vchkova-Bebekovska, A. Kostov

We present the R-band lightcurves of the Flora family asteroid (12499) 1998 FR47, obtained in 2022 at two different astronomical sites: Bulgarian National Astronomical Observatory Rozhen (MPC Code 071) and Astronomical Station Vidojevica (MPC Code C89). The quadramodal lightcurves reveal a rotation period of 6.172+/-0.003 h and an amplitude of about 0.44 mag

Thomas Read

We study the homotopy groups of the geometric fixed points of the real topological cyclic homology of $\mathbb{Z}/4$. We relate these groups to the values of the non-abelian derived functors of the functor $M \mapsto (M \otimes_{\mathbb{Z}/4} M)^{C_2}$ at the $\mathbb{Z}/4$-module $\mathbb{Z}/2$, which we precisely calculate with computer assistance up to de

Jiang Kun

In the previous article, we introduced a neural network framework based on symmetric differential equations. This novel framework exhibits complete symmetry, endowing it with perfect mathematical properties. While we have examined some of the system's mathematical characteristics, a detailed discussion of the network training methodology has not yet been pre

Yacine Mehtar-Tani

We develop a comprehensive analytic framework for jet quenching in QCD media, based on a medium-induced parton cascade sourced by collinear virtual splittings. We show that the energy flow out of the jet cone, driven by turbulent gluon cascades, is governed by a non-linear rate equation that resums gluon splittings at arbitrary angles and is enhanced by the

M. Schmidt, F. Caccioli, T. Aste

We introduce a graph renormalization procedure based on the coarse-grained Laplacian, which generates reduced-complexity representations for characteristic scales identified through the spectral gap. This method retains both diffusion probabilities and large-scale topological structures, while reducing redundant information, facilitating the analysis of larg

Marco Galoppo, Giorgio Torrieri

Motivated by known facts about effective field theory and non-Abelian gauge theory, we argue that the post-Newtonian approximation might fail even in the limit of weak fields and small velocities for wide-extended rotating bodies, where angular momentum spans significant spacetime curvature. We construct a novel dimensionless quantity that samples this break

Alireza Rashti, Rossella Gamba, Koustav Chandra, David Radice

The detection and subsequent inference of binary black hole signals rely heavily on the accuracy of the waveform model employed. In the highly non-linear, dynamic, and strong-field regime near merger, these waveforms can only be accurately modeled through numerical relativity simulations. Considering the precision requirements of next-generation gravitationa

Britta A. Johnson, Siyu Bu, Christopher J. Mundy, Nandini Ananth

Path Integral Molecular Dynamics (PIMD) is a well established simulation technique to compute exact equilibrium properties for a quantum system using classical trajectories in an extended phase space. Standard PIMD simulations are numerically converged by systematically increasing the number of classical 'beads' or replicas used to represent each particle in

Vincent Tatischeff, Philippe Laurent

Space-based astronomy of hard X-rays and gamma rays covers more than seven orders of magnitude in photon energy, from 10 keV to several hundred GeV. Detecting cosmic photons in this energy range is a challenge, due to the relatively low probability of interaction of high-energy photons with matter and the high background noise generated in space detectors by

R. Senzel, K. Maguire, U. Burgaz, G. Dimitriadis

The second data release of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) observed by the Zwicky Transient Facility has provided a homogeneous sample of 3628 SNe Ia with photometric and spectral information. This unprecedented sample size enables us to better explore our currently tentative understanding of the dependence of host environment on SN Ia properties. In this paper,

Mojtaba Alaei, Pawel Sobieszczyk, Andrzej Ptok, Nafise Rezaei

The origin of the $A$-type antiferromagnetic ordering, characterized by ferromagnetic layers coupling antiferromagnetically, in the prototype semiconductor altermagnet $\alpha$-MnTe has been a topic of ongoing debate. Experimentally, $\alpha$-MnTe exhibits an in-plane ferromagnetic exchange interaction, whereas previous \emph{ab initio} calculations predicte

Jean-Francois Ton, Muhammad Faaiz Taufiq, Yang Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance in complex reasoning tasks through the use of Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning, allowing models to break down problems into manageable sub-tasks. However, existing CoT evaluation techniques either require annotated CoT data or fall short in accurately assessing intermediate reasoning steps, leadi

Max Hird, Florian Maire

Autocorrelations in MCMC chains increase the variance of the estimators they produce. We propose the occlusion process to mitigate this problem. It is a process that sits upon an existing MCMC sampler, and occasionally replaces its samples with ones that are decorrelated from the chain. We show that this process inherits many desirable properties from the un

Mrunal Sarvaiya, Guanrui Li, Giuseppe Loianno

Quadrotors equipped with cable-suspended loads represent a versatile, low-cost, and energy efficient solution for aerial transportation, construction, and manipulation tasks. However, their real-world deployment is hindered by several challenges. The system is difficult to control because it is nonlinear, underactuated, involves hybrid dynamics due to slack-

Maximilian Nitsch, Lorenzo Maffi, Virgil V. Baran, Rubén Seoane Souto

The Majorana tetron is a prototypical topological qubit stemming from the ground state degeneracy of a superconducting island hosting four Majorana modes. This degeneracy manifests as an effective non-local spin degree of freedom, whose most paradigmatic signature is the topological Kondo effect. Degeneracies of states with different fermionic parities chara

Xiaolin Chen, Qiuhua Huang, Yuqi Zhou

Recent years have seen a notable increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. With a rising number of power outages caused by these events, accurate prediction of power line outages is essential for safe and reliable operation of power grids. The Bayesian network is a probabilistic model that is very effective for predicting line outage

Boris Arseniev

Parallel computation enables multiple processors to execute different parts of a task simultaneously, improving processing speed and efficiency. In quantum computing, parallel gate implementation involves executing gates independently in different registers, directly impacting the circuit depth, the number of sequential quantum gate operations, and thus the

STIPS Development Team, Sebastian Gomez, Andrea Bellini, Hanna Al-Kowsi

The Space Telescope Imaging Product Simulator (STIPS) is a Python-based package that can be used to simulate scenes from the upcoming \textit{Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope} (\nancy). STIPS is able to generate post-pipeline astronomical images of any number of sensor chip assembly (SCA) detectors, up to the entire 18-SCA Wide-Field Instrument array on \na

Shaun Andrews, Raoul Andriulli, Nabil Souhair, Mirko Magarotto

Magnetic nozzles (MN) are known to be subject to anomalous non-collisional diffusion mechanisms driven by instabilities and wave-particle interactions. This study therefore employs a fully kinetic axial-radial particle-in-cell (PIC) model to examine the impact of this anomalous diffusion on plasma transport and the propulsive performance of MNs typical of lo

Zheng Zhang, Cuong Nguyen, Kevin Wells, Thanh-Toan Do

Human-AI cooperative classification (HAI-CC) approaches aim to develop hybrid intelligent systems that enhance decision-making in various high-stakes real-world scenarios by leveraging both human expertise and AI capabilities. Current HAI-CC methods primarily focus on learning-to-defer (L2D), where decisions are deferred to human experts, and learning-to-com

Manuel D. Contreras, Francisco J. Cruz-Zamorano, Luis Rodríguez-Piazza

Given a compact interval $[a,b] \subset [0,\pi]$, we construct a parabolic self-map of the upper half-plane whose set of slopes is $[a,b]$. The nature of this construction is completely discrete and explicit: we explicitly construct a self-map and we explicitly show in which way its orbits wander towards the Denjoy-Wolff point. We also analyze some propertie

Raagini Patki, Nicholas Battaglia, J. Colin Hill

With the advent of current and future high-resolution CMB experiments, the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect has become a unique observational probe of the distribution of baryons and velocities in the Universe. In this work, we propose a novel binned bispectrum of the form temperature-temperature-density to extract the late-time kSZ effect from clea

Dilip Kumar Ghosh, Tushar Gupta, Matti Heikinheimo, Katri Huitu

Direct detection of light dark matter can be significantly enhanced by up-scattering of dark matter with energetic particles in the cosmic ambient. This boosted dark matter flux can reach kinetic energies up to tens of MeV, while the typical kinetic energies of GeV mass dark matter particles in the Milky Way halo are of the order of keV. Dark matter boosted

Ananya Ganapathy, Michael S. Petersen, Rashid Yaaqib, Carrie Filion

We present a novel technique using Fourier series and Laguerre polynomials to represent morphological features of disc galaxies. To demonstrate the utility of this technique, we study the evolution of disc asymmetry in a sample of disc galaxies drawn from the Extended Groth Strip and imaged by the JWST Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science Survey as well as

Pier Giuseppe Catinari, Angelo Esposito, Shashin Pavaskar

We show that nickel oxide, which is already a very promising target to look for sub-MeV dark matter scattering, can be employed to hunt axion dark matter, with masses in the meV range and couplings to electrons allowing them to potentially be QCD axions. We describe the interactions between axions and the collective excitations of nickel oxide in terms of a

Suvikranth Gera, Saurabh Kumar, Poulami Dutta Roy, Sayan Chakrabarti

We investigate the shadow properties of a wide class of spacetimes arising from different parameter regimes of the generalized Hayward metric, characterized by two independent parameters $(\sigma, \kappa)$ (Phys. Rev. D 106, 044028). This metric extends the original Hayward regular black hole solution by introducing distinct mass functions in the $g_{tt}$ an

Oliver Eggenberger Andersen, Evan O'Connor, Haakon Andresen, André da Silva Schneider

Recent literature on core-collapse supernovae suggests that a black hole (BH) can form within $\sim 1$ s of shock revival, while still culminating in a successful supernova. We refer to these as black hole supernovae, as they are distinct from other BH formation channels in both timescale and impact on the explosion. We simulate these events self-consistentl

Rustem Sharipov, Anastasiia Tiutiakina, Alexander Gorsky, Vladimir Gritsev

The quantum geometric tensor (QGT) characterizes the Hilbert space geometry of the eigenstates of a parameter-dependent Hamiltonian. In recent years, the QGT and related quantities have found extensive theoretical and experimental utility, in particular for quantifying quantum phase transitions both at and out of equilibrium. Here we consider the symmetric p

Yabo Li, Zijian Song, Aleksander Kubica, Isaac H. Kim

We introduce a systematic method for constructing gapped domain walls of topologically ordered systems by gauging a lower-dimensional symmetry-protected topological (SPT) order. Based on our construction, we propose a correspondence between 1d SPT phases with a non-invertible $G\times \text{Rep}(G)\times G$ symmetry and invertible domain walls in the quantum

Hadrien Paugnat, Tuan Do, Abhimat K. Gautam, Gregory D. Martinez

In this work, we measure the spectral index of Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) between the $H$ (1.6 $\mu$m) and $K^\prime$ (2.2 $\mu$m) broadband filters in the near-infrared (NIR), sampling over a factor $\sim 40$ in brightness, the largest range probed to date by a factor $\sim 3$. Sgr A*-NIR is highly variable, and studying the spectral index $\alpha$ (with $F_\n

Amir Dehghani, J. Leo Kim, Dorsa Sadat Hosseini, Alex Krolewski

This study presents the modeling of the gravitational wave (GW) bias parameter by bridging a connection between simulated GW sources and galaxies in low redshift galaxy surveys 2MPZ and WISExSCOS (WISC). We study this connection by creating a mock GW catalog, populating galaxy surveys with binary black holes (BBHs) for different scenarios of the GW host-gala

Shi-Lin Wan, Shuang-Yong Zhou

Positivity bounds in effective field theories (EFTs) can be extracted through the moment problem approach, utilizing well-established results from the mathematical literature. We generalize this formalism using the matrix moment approach to derive positivity bounds for theories with multiple field components. The sufficient conditions for obtaining optimal b

Grigorios Giotopoulos, Hisham Sati, Urs Schreiber

Following arguments that the (hidden) M-algebra serves as the maximal super-exceptional tangent space for 11D supergravity, we make explicit here its integration to a (super-Lie) group. This is equipped with a left-invariant extension of the ''decomposed'' M-theory 3-form, such that it constitutes the Kleinian space on which super-exceptional spacetimes are

Lea Reuter, Giacomo De Pietro, Slavomira Stefkova, Torben Ferber

We present the study of an end-to-end multi-track reconstruction algorithm for the central drift chamber of the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider using Graph Neural Networks for an unknown number of particles. The algorithm uses detector hits as inputs without pre-filtering to simultaneously predict the number of track candidates in an event and

Mohamed M. Anber, Erich Poppitz

We embed the multi-fractional instantons of $SU(N)$ gauge theories on $\mathbb T^4$ with 't Hooft twisted boundary conditions into $U(N)$ bundles and use the Nahm transform to study the corresponding configurations on the dual $\widehat{\mathbb T}^4$. We first show that $SU(N)$ fractional instantons of topological charge $Q={r \over N}$, $r \in \{1, 2,...,N-

M A. M. Smith, Vasileios Paschalidis, Gabriele Bozzola

We simulate high-energy scattering of equal-mass, nonspinning black holes endowed with like charges in full general relativity while varying the impact parameter $b$. We show that electrodynamics does not suppress zoom-whirl orbits for at least charge-to-mass ratios $\lambda = 0.1, 0.4, 0.6$. However, we find that as $\lambda$ increases, the immediate merger

Eshita Banerjee, Sowgat Muzahid, Joop Schaye, Jérémy Blaizot

We present a comprehensive analysis of HI absorption around 96 lya emitters (LAEs) at $z\approx3.3$ (median lya luminosity $\approx10^{42}$ erg.s$^{-1}$). These LAEs were identified within 8 MUSE fields, each $1'\times1'$ on the sky and centered on a bright background quasar, as part of the MUSEQuBES survey. Using Voigt profile fitting for all HI absorbers d

William DeRocco, Pierce Giffin

If the dark sector possesses long-range self-interactions, these interactions can source dramatic collective instabilities even in astrophysical settings where the collisional mean free path is long. Here, we focus on the specific case of dark matter halos composed of a dark $U(1)$ gauge sector undergoing a dissociative cluster merger. We study this by perfo

Daisuke Fujii, Katsumasa Nakayama, Kei Suzuki

We theoretically investigate the Casimir effect originating from Dirac fields in finite-density matter under a magnetic field. In particular, we focus on quark fields in the magnetic dual chiral density wave (MDCDW) phase as a possible inhomogeneous ground state of interacting Dirac-fermion systems. In this system, the distance dependence of Casimir energy s

Yoshihiro Takeda, Nobunari Kashikawa, Kei Ito, Jun Toshikawa

Protoclusters are high-$z$ overdense regions that will evolve into clusters of galaxies by $z=0$, making them ideal for studying galaxy evolution expected to be accelerated by environmental effects. However, it has been challenging to identify protoclusters beyond $z=3$ only by photometry due to large redshift uncertainties, hindering statistical study. To t

Vikram Manikantan, Vasileios Paschalidis, Gabriele Bozzola

Supermassive binary black holes are a key target for the future Laser Interferometer Space Antenna and excellent multimessenger sources across the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum. However, unique features of their EM emission that are needed to distinguish them from single supermassive black holes are still being established. Here, we conduct the first magneto

J. D. R. Pierel, D. A. Coulter, M. R. Siebert, H. B. Akins

The James Webb Space Telescope} (JWST) is opening new frontiers of transient discovery and follow-up at high-redshift. Here we present the discovery of a spectroscopically confirmed Type Ia supernova (SN Ia; SN $2023$aeax) at $z=2.15$ with JWST, including a NIRCam multi-band light curve. SN $2023$aeax lands at the edge of traditional low-$z$ cosmology cuts b

C. Mazzucchelli, R. Decarli, S. Belladitta, E. Bañados

The interaction between radio-jets and quasar host galaxies plays a paramount role in quasar/galaxy co-evolution. However, very little has been known so far about this interaction at very high-z. Here, we present new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations in Band 7 and Band 3 of six radio-loud quasars' host galaxies at $z > 5$. We r

Stefano Baiguera, Troels Harmark, Yang Lei, Ziqi Yan

We realize an explicit conformal mapping between the state and operator pictures in a class of (2+1)-dimensional non-Lorentzian field theories with SU(1,2)$\times$U(1) conformal symmetry. The state picture arises from null reducing four-dimensional relativistic conformal field theories on a three-sphere, yielding a non-Lorentzian geometry with the conformal

Yutaka Fujita, Akiko Kawachi, Atsuo T. Okazaki, Hiroshi Nagai

We present observations of the gamma-ray binary PSR B1259-63/LS 2883 with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) at Bands 3 (97 GHz), 6 (233 GHz), and 7 (343 GHz). PSR B1259-63/LS 2883 consists of a pulsar in a highly eccentric orbit around a massive companion star, with the pulsar passing through the circumstellar disk near periastron. Our

Sopheak Sorn

We study surface states and domain wall bound states in altermagnets using a rutile-lattice tight-binding model of electrons coupled to a N\'eel order. We discover that two symmetry-protected Weyl nodal lines in the bulk band structure can give rise to unconventional anti-chiral surface states -- surface states from opposite surfaces propagate in a \emph{par

Arvin Shahbazi-Moghaddam

Spacetime singularities pose a long-standing puzzle in quantum gravity. Unlike Schwarzschild, a generic family of black holes gives rise to a Cauchy horizon on which, even in the Hartle-Hawking state, quantum observables such as $\langle T_{\mu\nu} \rangle$ -- the expectation value of the stress-energy tensor -- can diverge, causing a breakdown of semiclassi

Joseph Whittingham, Christoph Pfrommer, Maria Werhahn, Léna Jlassi

It is generally accepted that radio relics are the result of synchrotron emission from shock-accelerated electrons. Current models, however, are still unable to explain several aspects of their formation. In this paper, we focus on three outstanding problems: i) Mach number estimates derived from radio data do not agree with those derived from X-ray data, ii