December 2025 arXiv papers — page 44

Georg Schildbach

Cooperative collision avoidance between robots, or `agents,' in swarm operations remains an open challenge. Assuming a decentralized architecture, each agent is responsible for making its own decisions and choosing its control actions. Most existing approaches rely on a (wireless) communication network between (some of) the agents. In reality, however, commu

B. A. Toledo

Predicting when a chaotic trajectory will switch between the lobes of the Lorenz attractor is a long-standing challenge in nonlinear dynamics. This work shows that algebraic conservation laws, constructed by augmenting phase space with history-accumulating auxiliary variables, provide a deterministic solution. Systematic enumeration identifies eighteen valid

Victoria E. Galanopoulou, Thrassos K. Oikonomou, Odysseas G. Karagiannidis, Sotiris A. Tegos

Pinching antennas enable dynamic control of electromagnetic wave propagation through reconfigurable radiating structures, but selecting an optimal subset of antennas remains a combinatorial problem with exponential complexity. This letter considers antenna subset selection for a waveguide-fed pinching antenna array serving ground users under a time-division

Christophe Charlier, Tom Claeys

We obtain precise asymptotics for the weighted number of domino tilings of an L-shaped subset of the Aztec diamond, obtained by removing an approximate rectangle in a corner of the Aztec diamond. By tuning the size of the removed corner, we observe different types of asymptotics. For a small removed corner, the number of tilings is close to that of the full

YuChe Hsu, AnJui Wang, TsaiChing Ni, YuanFu Yang

We propose a Vision-Language Simulation Model (VLSM) that unifies visual and textual understanding to synthesize executable FlexScript from layout sketches and natural-language prompts, enabling cross-modal reasoning for industrial simulation systems. To support this new paradigm, the study constructs the first large-scale dataset for generative digital twin

Dong Xiao, Renjie Chen, Bailin Deng

We live in a world filled with anisotropy, a ubiquitous characteristic of both natural and engineered systems. In this study, we concentrate on space deformation and introduce Anisotropic Green Coordinates (AGC), which provide versatile effects for cage-based and variational deformations in both two and three dimensions. The AGC are derived from the anisotro

Yonggwan Shin, Yire Shin, Jihong Park, Jeong-Soo Park

Precisely estimating out-of-sample upper quantiles is very important in risk assessment and in engineering practice for structural design to prevent a greater disaster. For this purpose, the generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution has been broadly used. To estimate the parameters of GEV distribution, the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) and L-moment

Darsana N, Sudhansu Sekhar Rout

We study the Diophantine equation of type $U_n(x)=V_m(y)$, where $(U_n)_{n\geq 0}$ and $(V_m)_{m\geq 0}$ are polynomial power sums defined over a number field $K$. By applying the finiteness criterion of Bilu and Tichy, we show under appropriate assumptions that equation $U_n(x)=V_m(y)$ has infinitely many solutions with bounded $\mathcal{O}_S$-denominator.

Mikel Artola, Ruth Lazkoz, Vincenzo Salzano

We present a unified dark energy framework capable of generating a continuous spectrum of cosmological ``rip'' scenarios -- including the Big Rip, Grand Rip, Mild Rip, Little Rip, Little Sibling of the Big Rip, and the newly found Dollhouse Rip -- while ensuring a physically consistent evolution across cosmic history. Building on earlier phenomenological pro

Jiahong Yu

Let $A$ be an affinoid integral domain over a non-Archimedean field $K$, and let $L$ be its field of fractions. We prove that the normalization of $A$ can be reconstructed from $L$ by taking the intersection of all maximal discrete valuation subrings. As a corollary, taking the field of fractions induces a fully faithful functor from the category of normal a

Syeda Tasnim Fabiha, Saad Shafiq, Wesley Klewerton Guez Assunção, Nenad Medvidović

Service-based architecture (SBA) has gained attention in industry and academia as a means to modernize legacy systems. It refers to a design style that enables systems to be developed as suites of small, loosely coupled, and autonomous components (services) that encapsulate functionality and communicate via language-agnostic APIs. However, defining appropria

Beatrice Nyiransengiyumva, Mirjana Povic, Pheneas Nkundabakura, Tom Mutabazi

Context: The bi-modality in the distribution of galaxies usually obtained from colour-colour or colour-stellar mass diagrams has been studied to show the difference between the galaxies in the blue cloud and in the red sequence and to define the green valley region. As a transition region, the green valley galaxies can give clues about morphological transfor

Jinwen Wang, Xin Yang, Yun Chen, Zhujun Ye

Optical skyrmions are topological structures of light whose defining property, the skyrmion number, is robust against perturbations. This makes them attractive for applications in quantum information storage, where resilience to decoherence is paramount. However, their preservation during coherent storage remains unexplored. We report the first experimental

Linfei Li, Lin Zhang, Zhong Wang, Ying Shen

Recent advances in generative AI have accelerated the production of ultra-high-resolution visual content, posing significant challenges for efficient compression and real-time decoding on end-user devices. Inspired by 3D Gaussian Splatting, recent 2D Gaussian image models improve representation efficiency, yet existing methods struggle to balance compression

Marta Moscati, Ahmed Abdullah, Muhammad Saad Saeed, Shah Nawaz

Over half of the world's population is bilingual and people often communicate under multilingual scenarios. The Face-Voice Association in Multilingual Environments (FAME) 2026 Challenge, held at ICASSP 2026, focuses on developing methods for face-voice association that are effective when the language at test-time is different than the training one. This repo

Tommaso Antonelli, Xavier Calmet, Stephen D. H. Hsu

We explore the nature of higher dimensional operators generated by quantum gravity. Calculating the tree-level and one-loop effective operators generated by graviton exchange between fields of the standard model and those of a hidden sector, we show that the leading order operators generated by quantum gravity are non-local dimension 6 operators. Dimension 5

Yujia Fu, Zhiyu Dong, Tianwen Qian, Chenye Zheng

Accurate assessment of bowel cleanliness is essential for effective colonoscopy procedures. The Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) offers a standardized scoring system but suffers from subjectivity and inter-observer variability when performed manually. In this paper, to support robust training and evaluation, we construct a high-quality colonoscopy datas

Daniele Andreucci, Anatoli F. Tedeev

We consider the Cauchy problem in the Euclidean space for a doubly degenerate parabolic equation with a space-dependent exponential weight, where the exponent satisfies the doubling condition. In particular, both the so called logconvex and logconcave cases may be considered. Under the additional natural assumptions we construct supersolutions and subsolutio

Lei-Yi Li, Jie Ran, Meng-Chu Cai, Hao-Fei Gao

We present the first principle calculation of charmed baryon decay constants employing 2+1 flavor gauge ensembles with lattice spacings ranging from 0.05 to 0.1 fm and pion masses between 136 and 310 MeV. Under $SU(3)$ flavor symmetry, we construct the charmed baryon interpolating operators and compute the corresponding hadronic matrix elements to extract th

Wei Zhang, Yijie Li, Ruixi Zheng, Nir A. Sochen

Comparing white matter (WM) connections between adults and neonates using diffusion MRI (dMRI) can advance our understanding of typical brain development and potential biomarkers for neurological disorders. However, existing WM atlases are population-specific (adult or neonatal) and reside in separate spaces, preventing direct cross-population comparisons. A

Xiaoxuan Guo, Hengyan Huang, Jiayi Zhou, Renhe Sun

Recent advances in generative audio models have enabled high-fidelity environmental sound synthesis, raising serious concerns for audio security. The ESDD 2026 Challenge therefore addresses environmental sound deepfake detection under unseen generators (Track 1) and black-box low-resource detection (Track 2) conditions. We propose EnvSSLAM-FFN, which integra

Samya Praharaj, Koulik Khamaru

Statistical inference in contextual bandits is challenging due to the adaptive, non-i.i.d. nature of the data. A growing body of work shows that classical least-squares inference can fail under adaptive sampling, and that valid confidence intervals for linear functionals typically require an inflation of order $\sqrt{d \log T}$. This phenomenon -- often term

Yerzhan Kudabay, Oliver Kieler, Michael Starkloff, Marco Schubert

We combine a cryogenic BiCMOS integrated circuit, which generates high-speed return-to-zero (RTZ) pulses, with a superconducting Josephson junction array. The BiCMOS circuit acts as a cryogenic pulse pattern generator, delivering data rates of 30 Gb/s, while consuming 302 mW at 4 K. Each electrical pulse of the serializer effectively transfers one magnetic f

Huu Thoai Ngo, Zamin Mamiyev, Niklas Witt, Tim Wehling

We present a comprehensive investigation of the structural and electronic properties of Sn intercalated buffer layers on SiC(0001) using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (LT-STM/STS), spot-profile analysis low-energy electron diffraction (SPA-LEED), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Sn intercalation effectively d

Dennis Lima, Saif Al-Kuwari, Ivan Gladich

Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) has been proposed as a geoengineering strategy to mitigate global warming by increasing Earth's albedo. Silica-based materials, such as diamond-doped silica aerogels, have shown promising optical properties, but their impact on stratospheric chemistry, ozone one in particular, remains largely unknown. Here, we present fi

Mengju Yuan, Nan Zhou, Ruixia Ti, Long Zhang

Using ac composite magnetoelectric technique, we map the phase diagrams of EuFe(As1-xPx)2 to resolve the interplay between superconductivity and ferromagnetism. For samples with Tc<TFM, the transition to a ferromagnetic multi-domain state suppresses Hc2 through the breakdown of Jaccarino-Peter compensation and enhanced magnetic scattering from inter-domain d

Daniel M. Jimenez-Gutierrez, Mehrdad Hassanzadeh, David Solans, Mohammed Elbamby

Federated learning (FL) supports privacy-preserving, decentralized machine learning (ML) model training by keeping data on client devices. However, non-independent and identically distributed (non-IID) data across clients biases updates and degrades performance. To alleviate these issues, we propose Clust-PSI-PFL, a clustering-based personalized FL framework

V. Kovalev, A. Kuvshinov, A. Buzovkin, D. Pokidov

Recent work has shown that inference-time reasoning and reflection can improve text-to-image generation without retraining. However, existing approaches often rely on implicit, holistic critiques or unconstrained prompt rewrites, making their behavior difficult to interpret, control, or stop reliably. In contrast, large language models have benefited from ex

Rémy Mahfouf

We identify the scaling limit of full-plane Kadanoff-Ceva fermions on generic, non-degenerate $s$-embeddings. In this broad setting, the scaling limits are described in terms of solutions to conjugate Beltrami equations with prescribed singularities. For the underlying Ising model, this leads to the scaling limit of the energy-energy correlations connecting

Benoit Cadorel, Ya Deng, Katsutoshi Yamanoi

This paper is Part III of a series of three. We begin by introducing the notion of $h$-special varieties, which can be seen as varieties "chain-connected by the Zariski closures of entire curves." We prove that if $X$ is either a special complex quasi-projective variety in the sense of Campana or an $h$-special variety, then for any linear representation $\v

Mohsen Alishahiha, Souvik Banerjee

We show that Hall's exact uncertainty relation acquires a simple geometric form in the Krylov basis generated by the Liouvillian. In this canonical operator frame, the uncertainty equality implies that the operator amplitude vector evolves on the unit Krylov sphere with constant speed fixed solely by the first Lanczos coefficient. This yields an exact linear

Jarek Duda

Maxwell equations mathematically allow both retarded and advanced solutions, also their convex combinations. While Wheeler-Feynman absorber theory assumed their symmetric contributions (1/2-1/2), e.g. inspiraling show Asymmetry of Radiation instead, and currently there dominates unquestioned assumption of 1-0 only retarded. As it should depend on the boundar

Vyacheslav V. Marchenkov, Alena A. Semiannikova, Evgenii D. Chernov, Alexey V. Lukoyanov

Magnetic and electronic transport properties of Co$_2$MnZ (Z = Al, Ga, Ge, Si, Sn) Heusler alloys were experimentally investigated. Electrical resistivity, in the temperature range from 4.2 to 300 K, as well as field dependences of the Hall effect and magnetization at T = 4.2 K in magnetic fields up to 100 kOe and 70 kOe, respectively, were measured. Experim

R. F. dos Santos, S. J. J. M. F. Kokkelmans

The evolution of a quantum system under time-dependent driving exhibits phenomena that are absent in its stationary counterpart. However, the high dimensionality and non-commutative nature of quantum dynamics make this a challenging problem. The Magnus expansion provides an analytic framework to approximate the effective dynamics on short time-scales, but co

Hao Wei, Peiji Wang, Qianhao Wang, Tong Qin

Underwater environments impose severe challenges to visual-inertial odometry systems, as strong light attenuation, marine snow and turbidity, together with weakly exciting motions, degrade inertial observability and cause frequent tracking failures over long-term operation. While tightly coupled acoustic-visual-inertial fusion, typically implemented through

Simon Hellmann, Terrance Wilms, Stefan Streif, Soeren Weinrich

In many applications of biotechnology, measurements are available at different sampling rates, e.g., due to online sensors and offline lab analysis. Offline measurements typically involve time delays that may be unknown a priori due to the underlying laboratory procedures. This multirate (MR) setting poses a challenge to Kalman filtering, where conventionall

Yeon-Koo Che, Julien Grenet, Yinghua He

This chapter surveys the application of matching theory to school choice, motivated by the shift from neighborhood assignment systems to choice-based models. Since educational choice is not mediated by price, the design of allocation mechanisms is critical. The chapter first reviews theoretical contributions, exploring the fundamental trade-offs between effi

Nilesh Jain, Hyungil Suh, Seyi Adeyinka, Leor Roseman

Qualitative research faces a critical reliability challenge: traditional inter-rater agreement methods require multiple human coders, are time-intensive, and often yield moderate consistency. We present a multi-perspective validation framework for LLM-based thematic analysis that combines ensemble validation with dual reliability metrics: Cohen's Kappa ($\ka

Andreu Martorell, Pep Mulet, Dionisio F. Yáñez

We propose a second-order implicit-explicit (IMEX) time-stepping scheme for the isentropic, compressible Cahn-Hilliard-Navier-Stokes equations discretized on staggered (MAC) grids. The scheme is based on finite difference approximations that ensure a stable coupling among the velocity, density and phase field, with symmetric operators acting on the discretiz

Maximilian Witte, Johannes Meuer, Étienne Plésiat, Christopher Kadow

Accurate and physically consistent modeling of Earth system dynamics requires machine-learning architectures that operate directly on continuous geophysical fields and preserve their underlying geometric structure. Here we introduce Field-Space attention, a mechanism for Earth system Transformers that computes attention in the physical domain rather than in

M. Kotur, D. Kudlacik, N. E. Kopteva, E. Kirstein

We investigate the dynamic polarization of nuclear spins in a nominally undoped GaAs/Al$_{0.35}$Ga$_{0.65}$As quantum well using two complementary experimental approaches: time-resolved Kerr rotation and optical orientation measurements of photoluminescence. Using the first technique, we measure a remarkably large Overhauser field of 3.1 T in a geometry clos

Dogan Altan, Hamza Haruna Mohammed, Glenn Terje Lines, Dusica Marijan

Optimizing maritime operations, particularly fuel consumption for vessels, is crucial, considering its significant share in global trade. As fuel consumption is closely related to the shaft power of a vessel, predicting shaft power accurately is a crucial problem that requires careful consideration to minimize costs and emissions. Traditional approaches, whi

Thomas Leyssens, Jonathan Lambrechts, Jean-François Remacle

Chaotic free surface flows are challenging problems to simulate numerically, mainly due to the significant changes in geometry and frequent topological changes. Methods that track the evolution of the fluid in a Lagrangian formulation are a natural choice. One such method is the Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM). As a hybrid particle-based and mesh-based

Xiaoxue Ma, Wanwei Zhan, Jiale Chen, Yishu Li

In today's data-driven era, deep learning is vital for processing massive datasets, yet single-device training is constrained by computational and memory limits. Distributed deep learning overcomes these challenges by leveraging multiple GPUs or machines in parallel. While general-purpose frameworks (e.g., TensorFlow and PyTorch) provide distributed capabili

Yaowei Bai, Ruiheng Zhang, Yu Lei, Xuhua Duan

A global shortage of radiologists has been exacerbated by the significant volume of chest X-ray workloads, particularly in primary care. Although multimodal large language models show promise, existing evaluations predominantly rely on automated metrics or retrospective analyses, lacking rigorous prospective clinical validation. Janus-Pro-CXR (1B), a chest X

Dong Wang, Shuai-Xia Xu

We consider the random Hermitian matrix model of dimension $2n$, with external source, defined by the probability density function \begin{equation*} \frac{1}{Z_{2n}} \lvert \det(M) \rvert^{\alpha} e^{-2n\mathrm{Tr} (V(M) - AM)}, \quad V(x) = \frac{x^4}{4} - t\frac{x^2}{2}, \end{equation*} where the external source $A$ has two eigenvalues $\pm a$ of equal mul

Chanchan Xu, Shuai Dong, Xiaojie Wang

Twisted String Actuators (TSAs) are widely used in robotics but suffer from a limited range of Transmission Ratio (TR) variation, restricting their efficiency under varying loads.To overcome this, we propose a novel lightweight, simple-structured Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) mechanism for TSA utilizing Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) superelasticity. Th

David Dolžan

Let $n \in \NN$ and let $q=p^r$ be an odd prime power. Let $R$ be a finite commutative local principal ring of cardinality $q^{n}$ with $R/J(R) \simeq GF(q)$. We study the conjugation action of the group of all unipotent elements in the quaternion ring $H(R)$ on $H(R)$ and we classify the resulting unipotent similarity classes, using a reduction to the ring

Daniel Jönsson, Mattias Tiger, Stefan Ekberg, Daniel Jakobsson

We outline a comprehensive framework for artificial intelligence (AI) Application Operations (AIAppOps), based on real-world experiences from diverse organizations. Data-driven projects pose additional challenges to organizations due to their dependency on data across the development and operations cycles. To aid organizations in dealing with these challenge

Qingdong He, Xueqin Chen, Yanjie Pan, Peng Tang

Although diffusion transformer (DiT)-based video virtual try-on (VVT) has made significant progress in synthesizing realistic videos, existing methods still struggle to capture fine-grained garment dynamics and preserve background integrity across video frames. They also incur high computational costs due to additional interaction modules introduced into DiT

Ye Tao, Wen Wu, Chao Zhang, Mengyue Wu

Text-guided audio editing aims to modify specific acoustic events while strictly preserving non-target content. Despite recent progress, existing approaches remain fundamentally limited. Training-free methods often suffer from signal degradation caused by diffusion inversion, while training-based methods, although achieving higher generation quality, are sev

Cody Kommers, Eamon Duede, Julia Gordon, Ari Holtzman

AI-generated "slop" is often seen as digital pollution. We argue that this dismissal of the topic risks missing important aspects of AI Slop that deserve rigorous study. AI Slop serves a social function: it offers a supply-side solution to a variety of problems in cultural and economic demand - that, collectively, people want more content than humans can sup

Valentin Féray, Kelvin Rivera-Lopez

An up-down chain is a Markov chain in which each transition is a two-step process that moves up to a larger object and then back down to an object of the original size. The first goal of this paper is to present a general framework for analyzing these chains and computing their scaling limits. This approach unifies much of the existing literature while exten

Alexandre Landry

We investigate the teleparallel Robertson--Walker (TRW) $F(T)$-gravity solutions for a cosmological electromagnetic source in the current paper. We use and solve the TRW $F(T)$-gravity field equations (FEs) for each value of the $k$-parameter $(-1,\,0,\,+1)$ and the electromagnetic equivalent of the equation of state (EoS), leading to new teleparallel $F(T)$

Abhijit Sinha, Sandeep Jangid, Tridib Sadhu, Shankar Ghosh

Navigating toward a known target in a noisy environment is a fundamental problem shared across biological, physical, and engineered systems. Although optimal strategies are often framed in terms of continuous, fine-grained feedback, we show that efficient navigation emerges from a far simpler principle: natural wandering punctuated by intermittent course cor

Graziano Venanzoni

The Muon g-2/EDM Experiment at J-PARC will employ a novel way to measure the muon magnetic anomaly, a_mu = (g-2)_mu/2, by using a low-emittance beam of positive muons stored in a compact muon storage magnet. The experimental method includes new technologies such as a three-dimensional spiral injection, an MRI-type storage magnet with superb field uniformity,

Yuan Huang, Yukang Zhou, Xiangping Chen, Zibin Zheng

With the rapid development of large language models in code generation, AI-powered editors such as GitHub Copilot and Cursor are revolutionizing software development practices. At the same time, studies have identified potential defects in the generated code. Previous research has predominantly examined how code context influences the generation of defective

Junren Li, Luhua Lai

Generative artificial intelligence has revolutionized the exploration of chemical space, yet a critical bottleneck remains that a substantial fraction of generated molecules is synthetically inaccessible. Current solutions, such as post-hoc filtering or projection-based methods, often compromise structural novelty or disrupt key pharmacophores by forcing mol

Yuyang Li, Yipin Deng, Zijian Zhou, Peng Hu

We investigated two complementary strategies for multicontrast cardiac MR reconstruction: physics-consistent data-space augmentation (DualSpaceCMR) and parameter-efficient capacity scaling via VQPrompt and Moero. DualSpaceCMR couples image-level transforms with kspace noise and motion simulations while preserving forwardmodel consistency. VQPrompt adds a lig

Mengxiao Geng, Ran Hong, Xiaoling Xu, Bingxuan Li

Low-dose PET imaging is crucial for reducing patient radiation exposure but faces challenges like noise interference, reduced contrast, and difficulty in preserving physiological details. Existing methods often neglect both projection-domain physics knowledge and patient-specific meta-information, which are critical for functional-semantic correlation mining

Mrinmay Sen, Subhrajit Nag

Data heterogeneity is a significant challenge in modern federated learning (FL) as it creates variance in local model updates, causing the aggregated global model to shift away from the true global optimum. Partial client participation in FL further exacerbates this issue by skewing the aggregation of local models towards the data distribution of participati

Antonio Vitale, Khai-Nguyen Nguyen, Denys Poshyvanyk, Rocco Oliveto

Recent progress in Large Language Models (LLMs) has substantially advanced the automation of software engineering (SE) tasks, enabling complex activities such as code generation and code summarization. However, the black-box nature of LLMs remains a major barrier to their adoption in high-stakes and safety-critical domains, where explainability and transpare

Mohamed Aboudonia, Csaba Balazs

In the immediate aftermath of the Big Bang, the universe existed in an extremely hot, dense state in which particle interactions occurred not in a vacuum but within a thermal medium. Under such conditions, the standard framework of quantum field theory (QFT) requires a finite temperature extension, wherein propagators -- and hence the fundamental structure o

Mohammed Mallik, Guillaume Villemaud

As 5G networks rapidly expand and 6G technologies emerge, characterized by dense deployments, millimeter-wave communications, and dynamic beamforming, the need for scalable simulation tools becomes increasingly critical. These tools must support efficient evaluation of key performance metrics such as coverage and radio-frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF

Yoshihiro Maruyama

Exterior powers play important roles in persistent homology in computational geometry. In the present paper we study the problem of extracting the $K$ longest intervals of the exterior-power layers of a tame persistence module. We prove a structural decomposition theorem that organizes the exterior-power layers into monotone per-anchor streams with explicit

Nurul Labib Sayeedi, Md. Faiyaz Abdullah Sayeedi, Khushnur Binte Jahangir, Swakkhar Shatabda

Large Language Models (LLMs) show impressive performance on many NLP benchmarks, yet their ability to reason in figurative, culturally grounded, and low-resource settings remains underexplored. We address this gap for Bangla by introducing BanglaRiddleEval, a benchmark of 1,244 traditional Bangla riddles instantiated across four tasks (4,976 riddle-task arti

Ipek Sena Yilmaz, Onur G. Tuncer, Zeynep E. Aksoy, Zeynep Yağmur Baydemir

Wi-Fi/RF-based human sensing has achieved remarkable progress with deep learning, yet practical deployments increasingly require feature sharing for cloud analytics, collaborative training, or benchmark evaluation. Releasing intermediate representations such as CSI spectrograms can inadvertently expose sensitive information, including user identity, location

Katsu Uchiyama, Ryuma Niiyama

Exploration of various applications is the frontier of research on inflatable robots. We proposed an articulated robots consisting of multiple pneumatic bladder links connected by rolling contact joints called Hillberry joints. The bladder link is made of a double-layered structure of tarpaulin sheet and polyurethane sheet, which is both airtight and flexibl

Ni Liu, Xinyu Jia, J. -Q. Liang

We study in this paper the quantum phase transition (QPT) from normal phase (NP) to superradiant phase (SP) for $N$ three-level atoms in a single-mode optical cavity for both Hermitian and non Hermitian Hamiltonians, where the $\Xi$-type three-level atom is described by spin-$1$ pseudo-spin operators. The long standing gauge-choice ambiguity of $\mathbf{A\cd

Frederik Zuiderveen Borgesius

Behavioral targeting, or online profiling, is a hotly debated topic. Much of the collection of personal information on the Internet is related to behavioral targeting, although research suggests that most people don't want to receive behaviorally targeted advertising. The World Wide Web Consortium is discussing a Do Not Track standard, and regulators worldwi

Frederik Zuiderveen Borgesius

This paper discusses legal developments in Europe and the Netherlands. Recent decisions show that European data protection law, or privacy law, applies to behavioral targeting in most cases. Dutch law explicitly presumes that data protection law applies to behavioral targeting. This means that companies have to comply with data protection law's fair informat

Yaobin Hua, Rong-Jia Yang

Using gravitational decoupling under the requirements of a well-defined event horizon and the source matter satisfying the weak energy condition, we construct nonsingular hairy black holes with spherical or axial symmetry. These solutions emerge from a deformation of the Minkowski vacuum, bridging the novel hairy geometries and the classical Schwarzschild an

Alexis Pomares Pastor, Ines Ribeiro Violante, Gregory Scott

A major shortcoming of medical practice is the lack of an objective measure of conscious level. Impairment of consciousness is common, e.g. following brain injury and seizures, which can also interfere with sensory processing and volitional responses. This is also an important pitfall in neurophysiological methods that infer awareness via command following,

Partha Sarathi, Bhaskar Singh Rawat

We present exact solutions of the Schrödinger equation for a quantum system with complex mass subjected to a complex Morse potential in the extended complex phase space. The normalized eigenfunctions and corresponding eigenspectra are derived within a non-Hermitian framework, ensuring consistent probability densities. Conditions for the reality of the spectr

Abdelmadjid Benmachiche, Khadija Rais, Hamda Slimi

Embedded systems are becoming more in demand to work in dynamic and uncertain environments, and being confined to the strong requirements of real-time. Conventional static scheduling models usually cannot cope with runtime modification in workload, resource availability, or system updates. This brief survey covers the area of feedback-based control (e.g., Fe

Ashish Ranjan Kumar, Sekhar Bhattacharyya

The global impetus for extracting rare earth elements (REEs) is shaping the future of green technologies. From high-efficiency magnets in wind turbines to advanced batteries and solar photovoltaics, REEs are indispensable for a greener world through the energy transition. However, supply chains remain a barrier for the majority of the global population. Indi

Tushar Singh, Gyanendra K. Verma, Shiv Datt Kumar

Let $S\subseteq R$ be a multiplicatively closed subset of a ring $R$. We extend several results on integral domains to their $S$-versions and establish the $S$-version of Krull intersection theorem. We also show that if $R$ is an $S$-field, then the localization of $R$ with respect to $S$ is a $\phi(S)$-field, where $\phi(S)=\left \{\dfrac{s}{1}| \ s\in S\ri

Anne Schnattinger

We characterize smooth irreducible curves $C$ on a smooth hyperquadric $Y$ of $\mathbb{P}^4$ such that the blowup of $Y$ along $C$ is a weak Fano threefold. These are precisely the smooth irreducible curves $C$ of degree $d$ and genus $g$ lying on a smooth hypercubic section of $Y$ such that (i) $C$ has no 4-secant line and no 7-secant conic; (ii) $d< 18$ an

Doyeop Kwak, Youngjoon Jang, Joon Son Chung

The goal of this paper is to provide a new perspective on speech modeling by incorporating perceptual invariances such as amplitude scaling and temporal shifts. Conventional generative formulations often treat each dataset sample as a fixed representative of the target distribution. From a generative standpoint, however, such samples are only one among many

Shaozhi Li, Jeng-Da Chai

Recently, thermally-assisted-occupation density functional theory (TAO-DFT) [J.-D. Chai, J. Chem. Phys. 136, 154104 (2012)] has been demonstrated to be an efficient and accurate electronic structure method for studying the ground-state properties of large multi-reference (MR) systems at absolute zero. To explore the thermal equilibrium properties of large MR

Saisai Yang, Qingyi Huang, Jing Yuan, Liangyu Zha

Tabular data serves as the backbone of modern data analysis and scientific research. While Large Language Models (LLMs) fine-tuned via Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) have significantly improved natural language interaction with such structured data, they often fall short in handling the complex, multi-step reasoning and robust code execution required for real-

Yoshihiro Maruyama

We present the Chromatic Persistence Algorithm (CPA), an event-driven method for computing persistent cohomological features of weighted graphs via graphic arrangements, a classical object in computational geometry. We establish rigorous complexity results: CPA is exponential in the worst case, fixed-parameter tractable in treewidth, and nearly linear for co

Melanie Graf, Yaver Gulusoy

The null energy or null convergence condition (NEC) is one of the fundamental assumptions necessary for many celebrated results from Lorentzian Geometry and Mathematical General Relativity. As such there have been several recent efforts to find a good generalization of this condition to the new setting of Lorentzian length spaces or metric measure spacetimes

Xuegang Li, Yuxiang Liu, Jing Shu, Ningqiang Song

We present the design and the sensitivity reach of the Qubit-based Light Dark Matter detection experiment. We propose the novel two-chip design to reduce signal dissipation, with quantum parity measurement to enhance single-phonon detection sensitivity. We demonstrate the performance of the detector with full phonon and quasiparticle simulations. The experim

Maxime Poli, Mahi Luthra, Youssef Benchekroun, Yosuke Higuchi

The parallel advances in language modeling and speech representation learning have raised the prospect of learning language directly from speech without textual intermediates. This requires extracting semantic representations directly from speech. Our contributions are threefold. First, we introduce SpidR, a self-supervised speech representation model that e

Han Huang, Chengzhi Ma, Yuxin Zhao, Qingyao Wang

Recent years have witnessed the growing scholarly interest in the next-generation general-purpose computers. Various innovative computing modes have been proposed, such as optical, quantum phenomena, and DNA-based modes. Sequential logic circuits are a critical factor that enables these modes to function as general-purpose computers, given their essential ro

Sunjin Choi, Yuji Tachikawa

We study aspects of the AdS/CFT correspondence for $\mathcal{N}=4$ $U(N)$ super Yang-Mills theory on $S^3/\Gamma$, where $\Gamma \subset SU(2)$ is a finite subgroup, leading to an ADE singularity in the bulk AdS geometry. We show that a large vacuum degeneracy arises from the choice of gauge holonomy on $S^3/\Gamma$. On the gravity side, we argue that the bu

Mebin Jose, Jisha Francis, Sudheesh Kumar Kattumannil

Accelerated failure time (AFT) models provide a direct and interpretable time-scale description of covariate effects in lifetime data analysis, but classical formulations rely on linear predictors and are therefore limited in their ability to represent nonlinear relationships. Moreover, in heterogeneous clinical settings with complex covariate structures and

Saurav Samanta, Bibhas Ranjan Majhi

Two prescriptions for the construction of Carroll geometries, the expansion of geometric variables near horizon and the expansion of metric with zero limit of the expansion parameter $c$ (speed of light in vacuum), are known to complement each other. The entropy of an ideal gas, confined in a box and kept very close to the horizon, depends on the transverse

Raghvendra Pratap Singh, Baibhab Chatterjee, Shreyas Sen, Debayan Das

The classical two-capacitor paradox of the lost energy is revisited from an electronic circuit security stand-point. The paradox has been solved previously by various researchers, and the energy lost during the charging of capacitors has been primarily attributed to the heat and radiation. We analytically prove this for various standard resistor-capacitor (R

Arka Chakraborty, Franz Müller, Thomas Kämpfe, Shubham Sahay

Hyperdimensional (HD) computing involves encoding of baseline information into large hypervectors and repeated Boolean operations to generate the output class hypervectors which are stored in an associative memory. The classification task is then performed through similarity search operation. While prior studies have focused mostly on accelerating HD search

Shu-Jing Gao, Chang-Yu Guo, Manzi Huang, Xiantao Wang

In a recent work of Zhou and Ponnusamy [Ann. Sc. Norm. Super. Pisa Ci. Sci. 2025], the authors studied the following natural question: find sufficient and necessary conditions for a domain $\Omega$ in a metric space $X$ to be quasihyperbolic John. It was proved that Gromov hyperbolic John domains are quasihyperbolic John, quantitatively. As an application, t

Marjolein de Jager, Antoine Castagnède, Frank Smallenburg, Laura Filion

We revisit the effect of polydispersity on the crystal nucleation of hard spheres. Using event-driven molecular dynamics simulations, we obtain the nucleation rate as a function of the supersaturation for a range of polydispersities, and demonstrate that the nucleation rate of polydisperse hard spheres deviates from the trend of monodisperse hard spheres, ev

Zhongyu Xia, Wenhao Chen, Yongtao Wang, Ming-Hsuan Yang

Visual-language reasoning, driving knowledge, and value alignment are essential for advanced autonomous driving systems. However, existing approaches largely rely on data-driven learning, making it difficult to capture the complex logic underlying decision-making through imitation or limited reinforcement rewards. To address this, we propose KnowVal, a new a

Jin-Yu Ni, Xia-Ming Zheng, Peng-Tao Wei, Da-Yong Liu

Kagome magnets naturally hosting Dirac points and flat bands exhibit novel topological phases, enabling rich interplays between interactions and topologies. The discovery of two-dimensional (2D) magnets generally coexisting with different types of magnetic interactions poses a challenge for topological magnonic manipulation. Here we investigate the topologic

Ji-Hoon Kim, Junseok Ahn, Doyeop Kwak, Joon Son Chung

The objective of this paper is to jointly synthesize interactive videos and conversational speech from text and reference images. With the ultimate goal of building human-like conversational systems, recent studies have explored talking or listening head generation as well as conversational speech generation. However, these works are typically studied in iso

Jaykumar Kasundra, Anjaneya Praharaj, Sourabh Surana, Lakshmi Sirisha Chodisetty

Safeguarding large language models (LLMs) against unsafe or adversarial behavior is critical as they are increasingly deployed in conversational and agentic settings. Existing moderation tools often treat safety risks (e.g. toxicity, bias) and adversarial threats (e.g. prompt injections, jailbreaks) as separate problems, limiting their robustness and general

Wenzheng Zeng, Mingyu Ouyang, Langyuan Cui, Hwee Tou Ng

Automatic presentation slide generation can greatly streamline content creation. However, since preferences of each user may vary, existing under-specified formulations often lead to suboptimal results that fail to align with individual user needs. We introduce a novel task that conditions paper-to-slides generation on user-specified preferences. We propose

Yuxing Gan, Ziyu Lei

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures achieve parameter efficiency through conditional computation, yet contemporary designs suffer from two fundamental limitations: structural parameter isolation that causes catastrophic forgetting, and instruction-overfitting that degrades performance in instruction-free scenarios. We propose CDSP-MoE (Conflict-Driven Sub

Georgios K. Karananas, Mikhail Shaposhnikov, Sebastian Zell

We investigate the cosmology of an axion that is fundamentally non-compact. During inflation, fluctuations of the effectively massless field populate many QCD vacua, thereby evading conventional isocurvature constraints while generating domain walls -- without accompanying cosmic strings. A small non-QCD contribution to the axion potential is required to tri