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Data Analysis papers — page 139

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Millisecond and Binary Pulsars as Nature's Frequency Standards. III. Fourier Analysis and Spectral Sensitivity of Timing Observations to Low-Frequency Noise
Millisecond and binary pulsars are the most stable natural frequency standards which admits to introduce modified versions of universal and ephemeris time scales based correspondingly on the…
Sergei M. Kopeikin, Vladimir A. PotapovDec 30, 1998
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Improved Probability Method for Estimating Signal in the Presence of Background
A suggestion is made for improving the Feldman Cousins method of estimating signal counts in the presence of background. The method concentrates on finding essential information about the signal and…
Byron P. Roe, Michael B. WoodroofeDec 18, 1998
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The Signal Estimator Limit Setting Method
A new method of background subtraction is presented which uses the concept of a signal estimator to construct a confidence level which is always conservative and which is never better than e-s. The…
S. Jin, P. McNamaraDec 17, 1998
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Lifetimes of agents under external stress
An exact formula for the distribution of lifetimes in coherent-noise models and related models is derived. For certain stress distributions, this formula can be analytically evaluated and yields…
Claus O. Wilke, Thomas MartinetzDec 9, 1998
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Bayesian reasoning versus conventional statistics in High Energy Physics
The intuitive reasoning of physicists in conditions of uncertainty is closer to the Bayesian approach than to the frequentist ideas taught at University and which are considered the reference…
G. D'AgostiniNov 24, 1998
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Jeffreys priors versus experienced physicist priors - arguments against objective Bayesian theory
I review the problem of the choice of the priors from the point of view of a physicist interested in measuring a physical quantity, and I try to show that the reference priors often recommended for…
G. D'AgostiniNov 23, 1998
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New Physics Discovery Potential in Future Experiments
We propose a method to estimate the probability of new physics discovery in future high energy physics experiments. Physics simulation gives both the average numbers <Nb> of background and <Ns> of…
S. I. Bityukov, N. V. KrasnikovNov 15, 1998
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Millisecond and Binary Pulsars as Nature's Frequency Standards. II. Effects of Low-Frequency Timing Noise on Residuals and Measured Parameters
Pulsars are the most stable natural frequency standards. They can be applied to a number of principal problems of modern astronomy and time-keeping metrology. The full exploration of pulsar…
Sergei M. KopeikinNov 6, 1998
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Depth Profile Reconstruction from Rutherford Backscattering Data
An adaptive kernel method in the Bayesian framework together with a new simulation program for Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) have been applied to the analysis of RBS data. Even in the…
U. V. Toussaint, K. Krieger, R. Fischer et al.Nov 2, 1998
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Detecting periodicity in experimental data using linear modeling techniques
Fourier spectral estimates and, to a lesser extent, the autocorrelation function are the primary tools to detect periodicities in experimental data in the physical and biological sciences. We propose…
Michael Small, Kevin JuddOct 13, 1998
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Estimating probability densities from short samples: a parametric maximum likelihood approach
A parametric method similar to autoregressive spectral estimators is proposed to determine the probability density function (pdf) of a random set. The method proceeds by maximizing the likelihood of…
T. Dudok de Wit, E. FlorianiOct 12, 1998
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On Observability of Signal over Background
Several statistics used by physicists to declare the signal observability over the background are compared. It is shown that the frequentist method of testing a precise hypothesis allows one to…
S. I. Bityukov, N. V. KrasnikovSep 26, 1998
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Objections to the Unified Approach to the Computation of Classical Confidence Limits
Conventional classical confidence intervals in specific cases are unphysical. A solution to this problem has recently been published by Feldman and Cousins. We show that there are cases where the new…
Günter ZechSep 24, 1998
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Information content in Gaussian noise: optimal compression rates
We approach the theoretical problem of compressing a signal dominated by Gaussian noise. We present expressions for the compression ratio which can be reached, under the light of Shannon's…
August Romeo, Enrique Gaztanaga, Jose Barriga et al.Sep 3, 1998
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Towards the Observation of Signal over Background in Future Experiments
We propose a method to estimate the probability of new physics discovery in future high energy physics experiments. Physics simulation gives both the average numbers <Nb> of background and <Ns>…
S. I. Bityukov, N. V. KrasnikovAug 13, 1998
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Unreal Probabilities: Partial Truth with Clifford Numbers
This paper introduces and studies the basic properties of Clifford algebra valued conditional measures.
Carlos C. RodriguezAug 10, 1998
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Are We Cruising a Hypothesis Space?
This paper is about Information Geometry, a relatively new subject within mathematical statistics that attempts to study the problem of inference by using tools from modern differential geometry.…
Carlos C. RodriguezAug 10, 1998
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Continuous Probability Distributions from Finite Data
Recent approaches to the problem of inferring a continuous probability distribution from a finite set of data have used a scalar field theory for the form of the prior probability distribution. This…
David M. SchmidtAug 7, 1998
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A new method for numerical inversion of the Laplace transform
A formula of Doetsch ( Math. Zeitschr. 42, 263 (1937)) is generalized and used to numerically invert the one-sided Laplace transform C(β). The necessary input is only the values…
Bruno Huepper, Eli PollakJul 28, 1998
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On the determination of probability density functions by using Neural Networks
It is well known that the output of a Neural Network trained to disentangle between two classes has a probabilistic interpretation in terms of the a-posteriori Bayesian probability, provided that a…
Lluis Garrido, Aurelio JusteJul 14, 1998
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Hierarchical noise in large systems of independent agents
A generalization of the coherent-noise models [M. E. J. Newman and K. Sneppen, Phys. Rev. E54, 6226 (1996)] is presented where the agents in the model are subjected to a multitude of stresses,…
Claus Wilke, Thomas MartinetzMay 22, 1998
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Using projections and correlations to approximate probability distributions
A method to approximate continuous multi-dimensional probability density functions (PDFs) using their projections and correlations is described. The method is particularly useful for event…
Dean KarlenMay 13, 1998
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Cross Validated Non parametric Bayesianism by Markov Chain Monte Carlo
Completely automatic and adaptive non-parametric inference is a pie in the sky. The frequentist approach, best exemplified by the kernel estimators, has excellent asymptotic characteristics but it is…
Carlos C. RodriguezDec 19, 1997
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Characteristic functions and process identification by neural networks
Principal component analysis (PCA) algorithms use neural networks to extract the eigenvectors of the correlation matrix from the data. However, if the process is non-Gaussian, PCA algorithms or their…
Joaquim A. Dente, R. Vilela MendesDec 17, 1997
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Non-commutative time-frequency tomography
The characterization of non-stationary signals requires joint time and frequency information. However, time (t) and frequency (omega) being non-commuting variables there cannot be a joint probability…
V. I. Man'ko, R. Vilela MendesDec 12, 1997
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