Hierarchical Quantum Transport from Coupled Topological Domain-Wall States in SSH Chains

Abstract

We investigate the transport properties of Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) chains containing multiple topological domain walls and show that their interaction generates a hierarchy of emergent spectral structures. Each domain wall contributes a localized state inside the SSH gap, and the hybridization of these states produces minibands whose signatures are directly reflected in the transmission spectra. By combining domain-wall lattices with different domain-wall separations, we construct effective SSH structures within the miniband subspace. The resulting transmission spectra reproduce the characteristic features of conventional SSH chains, including gap formation, finite-size resonances, and the correspondence between transmission spectra and band structure. The construction can be applied recursively, generating successive generations of effective SSH structures. As a consequence, effective SSH spectra repeatedly emerge within progressively narrower energy intervals, producing a self-similar hierarchy of minibands and spectral gaps. To understand the origin of this hierarchy, we develop an effective renormalized description based on successive decimation. The effective parameters exhibit a hierarchy of interlaced singularities whose number increases at each iteration. These singularities partition the energy axis into progressively finer intervals and provide a natural interpretation of the repeated fragmentation of the spectrum. Our results show that topological domain-wall states can act as emergent degrees of freedom from which multiscale transport channels, effective couplings, and hierarchical spectral structures may be engineered. More generally, the framework introduced here establishes a connection between recursive topological constructions, effective Hamiltonians, and the emergence of self-similar spectra in one-dimensional systems.