A simple variational approach for an interacting Fermi trapped gas

Abstract

Quantum states of a two-component Fermi trapped gas are described by introducing an effective trap frequency, determined via variational techniques. Closed expressions for the contribution of a contact interaction potential to the total energy and the pairing interaction are derived. They are valid for both few and large number of particles, given the discrete nature of the formulation, and therefore richer than the continuous expressions, which are perfectly matched. Pairing energies within a shell are explicitly evaluated and its allowed values at a given energy level delimited. We show the importance of the interaction over the trap energy as the number of particles ($N$) grows and the temperature decreases. At zero temperature we find a polynomial dependence of the interaction energy on the Fermi energy, whose dominant term at large $N$ corresponds with the mean field approximation result. In addition, the role of the strength of an attractive potential on the total energy is exhibited.