Dimensional Control of Antilocalisation and Spin Relaxation in Quantum Wires

Abstract

The spin relaxation rate $1/\tau_s (W)$ in disordered quantum wires with Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling is derived analytically as a function of wire width $W$. It is found to be diminished when $W$ is smaller than the bulk spin-orbit length $L_{\rm SO}$. Only a small spin relaxation rate due to cubic Dresselhaus coupling $\gamma$ is found to remain in this limit. As a result, when reducing the wire width $W$ the quantum conductivity correction changes from weak anti- to weak localization and from negative to positive magnetoconductivity.