Manifestation of the cyclo-toroid nuclear moment in anomalous conversion and Lamb shift

Abstract

We offer the hypothesis that atomic nuclei, nucleons, and atoms possess a new type of electromagnetic moment, that we call a ``cyclo-toroid moment''. In nuclei, this moment arises when the toroid dipole (anapole) moments are arrayed in the form of a ring, or, equivalently, when the magnetic moments of the nucleons are arranged in the form of rings which, in turn, constitute the surface of a torus. We establish theoretically that the cyclo-toroid moment plays a role in the processes of the atomic shell--nucleus interaction. The existence of this moment would explain known anomalies in the internal conversion coefficients for $M1$ transitions in nuclei. We show also that the static cyclo-toroid nuclear moment interacts locally inside the nucleus with the vortex part of the atomic electron currents and this leads to an energy shift in atomic $s_{1/2}$ states. For the hydrogen atom the value of this shift may be comparable in order of magnitude to the present accuracy of measurements of the Lamb shift for the $1s_{1/2}$ level.