April 2002 arXiv papers — page 11

B. Ananthanarayan, Saurabh D. Rindani, Achim Stahl

We study the prospects of discovering CP-violation in the production of tau-leptons in the reaction {e+e- --> tau+tau- at TESLA, an e+e- linear collider with center-of-mass energies of 500 or even 800 GeV. Non-vanishing expectation values of certain correlations between the momenta of the decay products of the two tau leptons would signalthe presence of CP-v

Aneesh V. Manohar, Thomas Mehen, Dan Pirjol, Iain W. Stewart

We discuss restrictions on operators in the soft-collinear effective theory (SCET) which follow from the ambiguity in the decomposition of collinear momenta and the freedom in the choice of light-like basis vectors $n$ and $\bar n$. Invariance of SCET under small changes in $n$ and/or $\bar n$ implies a symmetry of the effective theory that constrains the fo

Gabriela Barenboim, Andre de Gouvea, Michal Szleper, Mayda Velasco

We study the physics capabilities of the NuMI beamline with an off-axis highly-segmented iron scintillator detector and with the inclusion of the currently under study proton driver upgrade. We focus on the prospects for the experimental determination of the remaining neutrino oscillation parameters, assuming different outcomes for experiments under way or i

G. Dutta

We investigate whether radiative corrections can be responsible for the generation of large mixing in a pair of degenerate neutrino with same CP parity. We find that this mechanism is fine tuned and doesn't work for arbitrary mixing at the high scale.

L3 Collaboration

Inclusive D^{*+-} production in two-photon collisions is studied with the L3 detector at LEP, using 683 pb^{-1} of data collected at centre-of-mass energies from 183 to 208 GeV. Differential cross sections are determined as functions of the transverse momentum and pseudorapidity of the D^{*+-} mesons in the kinematic region 1 GeV < P_T < 12 GeV and |eta| < 1

V. Ammosov, V. Gapienko, A. Kulemzin, A. Semak

A small glass RPC filled with Ar/Isob./Freon mixture has been exposed to a UV laser light. Avalanche and streamer regimes of discharge were reached in a fixed region of the RPC exited by the UV. A dependence of avalanche to streamer transition process on the laser beam intensity and on the applied high voltage was studied. Two types of the streamer signal ha

L3 Collaboration

Strange baryon pair production in two-photon collisions is studied with the L3 detector at LEP. The analysis is based on data collected at e+e- centre-of-mass energies from 91 GeV to 208 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 844 pb-1. The processes gamma gamma -> Lambda Anti-lambda and gamma gamma -> Sigma0 Anti-sigma0 are identified. Their cross

J. P. Mbelek, M. Lachièze-Rey

Stability arguments suggest that the Kaluza-Klein (KK) internal scalar field, $Φ$, should be coupled to some external fields. An external bulk real scalar field, $ψ$, minimally coupled to gravity is proved to be satisfactory. At low temperature, the coupling of $ψ$ to the electromagnetic (EM) field allows $Φ$ to be much stronger coupled to the EM field than

Matt Visser

Sakharov&#39;s 1967 notion of ``induced gravity&#39;&#39; is currently enjoying a significant resurgence. The basic idea, originally presented in a very brief 3-page paper with a total of 4 formulas, is that gravity is not ``fundamental&#39;&#39; in the sense of particle physics. Instead it was argued that gravity (general relativity) emerges from quantum fi

Michael Soss, Jeff Erickson, Mark Overmars

We examine a computational geometric problem concerning the structure of polymers. We model a polymer as a polygonal chain in three dimensions. Each edge splits the polymer into two subchains, and a dihedral rotation rotates one of these chains rigidly about this edge. The problem is to determine, given a chain, an edge, and an angle of rotation, if the moti

P. A. Rikvold, M. Kolesik

The local structure of a solid-on-solid (SOS) interface in a two-dimensional kinetic Ising ferromagnet with single-spin-flip Glauber dynamics, which is driven far from equilibrium by an applied field, is studied by an analytic mean-field, nonlinear-response theory [P.A. Rikvold and M. Kolesik, J. Stat. Phys. 100, 377 (2000)] and by dynamic Monte Carlo simula

Alexander Efros

In this chapter I discuss the role that various types of Auger processes play in the linear and nonlinear optical properties of semiconductor nanocrystals.

Oliver Buhler

The motion of one-hundred point vortices in a circular cylinder is simulated numerically and compared with theoretical predictions based on statistical mechanics. The novel aspect considered here is that the vortices have greatly different circulation strengths. As envisaged by Onsager, such an arrangement leads to a substantial amplification of statistical

I. V. Bondarev, G. Ya. Slepyan, S. A. Maksimenko

Spontaneous decay process of an excited atom placed inside or outside (near the surface) a carbon nanotube is analyzed. Calculations have been performed for various achiral nanotubes. The effect of the nanotube surface has been demonstrated to dramatically increase the atomic spontaneous decay rate -- by 6 to 7 orders of magnitude compared with that of the s

D. Candela, Po-zen Wong

A comment is made on the recent PFG NMR measurements by Stallmach, et al. on water-saturated sands [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 105505 (2002)]. It is pointed out that the usual law for the time-dependent diffusion coefficient D(t) used by these authors is not valid for a fractal surface. It is shown that (1-D(t)/D0) \~ t^[(3-Ds)/2] at short times for a surface of f

S. Raymond, J. P. Rueff, M. D&#39;Astuto, D. Braithwaite

The phonon dispersion curve of SmS under pressure was studied by inelastic x-ray scattering around the pressure-induced valence transition. A significant softening of the longitudinal acoustic modes propagating along the [111] direction was observed spanning a wide $q$ region from ($\frac{2π}{3a},\frac{2π}{3a},\frac{2π}{3a}$) up to the zone boundary as SmS b

M. E. Raikh, Felix von Oppen

The mutual influence of two layers with strongly loclized electrons is exercised through the random Coulomb shifts of site energies in one layer caused by electron hops in the other layer. We trace how these shifts give rise to a voltage drop in the passive layer, when a current is passed through the active layer. We find that the microscopic origin of drag

N. Drichko, P. Haas, B. Gorshunov, D. Schweitzer

The far-infrared in-plane reflectivity of the organic superconductor $α_t$-(BEDT-TTF)$_{2}$I$_{3}$ is measured down to frequencies of 10 cm$^{-1}$; the optical conductivity is obtained by a Kramers-Kronig procedure. In the superconducting state an energy gap opens at 25 cm$^{-1}$ which corresponds to $2Δ/k_BT_c = 4.4$ in agreement with moderate coupling. Eve

R. G. Ghulghazaryan, N. S. Ananikian

The Yang-Lee, Fisher and Potts zeros of the one-dimensional Q-state Potts model are studied using the theory of dynamical systems. An exact recurrence relation for the partition function is derived. It is shown that zeros of the partition function may be associated with neutral fixed points of the recurrence relation. Further, a general equation for zeros of

M. Zwierzycki, K. Xia, P. J. Kelly, G. E. W. Bauer

The spin-dependence of the interface resistance between ferromagnetic Fe and InAs is calculated from first-principles for specular and disordered (001) interfaces. Because of the symmetry mismatch in the minority-spin channel, the specular interface acts as an efficient spin filter with a transmitted current polarisation between 98 an 89%. The resistance of

Fa-Min Liu, Tian-Min Wang, J. Q. Li, Y. Q. Zhou

The transition metal ions doped with TiO2 films are of magnetic properties at room temperatures and have stimulated many scientists to study other properties. The Co-TiO2 sandwich composite films have been recently grown on glass and silicon substrates by using alternately radio frequency reactive and direct current magnetron sputtering. The microstructural

S. E. Korshunov

We analyse the analog of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability on free suface of a superfluid liquid. This instability is induced by the relative motion of superfluid and normal components of the same liquid along the surface. The instability threshold is found to be independent of the value of viscosity, but turns out to be lower than in absence of dissipation.

Robin C. Ball, Neill E. Bowler, Leonard M. Sander, Ellak Somfai

Off-lattice DLA clusters grown with different levels of noise reduction are found to be consistent with a simple fractal fixed point. Cluster shapes and their ensemble variation exhibit a dominant slowest correction to scaling, and this also accounts for the apparent ``multiscaling&#39;&#39; in the DLA mass distribution. We interpret the correction to scalin

R. F. Webbink, D. T. Wickramasinghe

AM Her variables -- synchronised magnetic cataclysmic variables (CVs) -- exhibit a different period distribution from other CVs across the period gap. We show that non-AM Her systems may infiltrate the longer-period end of the period gap if they are metal-deficient, but that the position and width of the gap in orbital period is otherwise insensitive to othe

Neil Trentham, Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz, A. W. Blain

We discuss how gamma-ray burst (GRB) optical afterglows and multiwavelength observations of their host galaxies can be used to obtain information about the relative amounts of star formation happening in optical and submillimetre galaxies. That such an analysis will be possible follows from the currently-favoured idea that GRBs are closely linked with high-m

Scott M. Ransom, Stephen S. Eikenberry, John Middleditch

In this paper, we present an assortment of both standard and advanced Fourier techniques that are useful in the analysis of astrophysical time series of very long duration -- where the observation time is much greater than the time resolution of the individual data points. We begin by reviewing the operational characteristics of Fourier transforms (FTs) of t

P. Dmitruk, W. H. Matthaeus, L. J. Milano, S. Oughton

The heating of the lower solar corona is examined using numerical simulations and theoretical models of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in open magnetic regions. A turbulent energy cascade to small length scales perpendicular to the mean magnetic field can be sustained by driving with low-frequency Alfven waves reflected from mean density and magnetic field g

Roelof Bottema

Detailed neutral hydrogen observations have been obtained of the large barred spiral galaxy NGC 3992 and its three small companion spiral galaxies, UGC 6923, UGC 6940, and UGC 6969. Contrary to the large galaxy, for the companions the HI distribution ends quite abruptly at the optical edges. Velocity fields have been constructed from which rotation curves ha

L. M. Cairos, N. Caon, B. Garcia-Lorenzo, J. M. Vilchez

We present results from a detailed spectrophotometric analysis of the blue compact dwarf galaxy (BCD) Mrk 370, based on deep UBVRI broad-band and Halpha narrow-band observations, and long-slit and two-dimensional spectroscopy of its brightest knots. The spectroscopic data are used to derive the internal extinction, and to compute metallicities, electronic de

John E. Gizis

I report the results of a survey for low-mass (0.030 <~ M <~ 0.013 M_solar) brown dwarfs in the direction of the TW Hya association using 2MASS. Two late-M dwarfs show signs of low surface gravity and are strong candidates to be young, very-low-mass (M ~ 0.025 M_solar) brown dwarfs related to the TW Hya association. 2MASSW J1207334-393254 is particularly not

R. Casini, E. Landi Degl&#39;Innocenti, M. Landolfi, J. Trujillo-Bueno

In a recent letter (Trujillo Bueno et al. 2002), we showed the remarkable result that the atomic alignment of the levels P$_{1/2}$ and S$_{1/2}$ of the D$_1$ line of Na I is practically destroyed in the presence of magnetic fields sensibly larger than 10 G, irrespectively of the field direction. In this paper, we demonstrate analytically that this property i

Anisa T. Bajkova

We consider a differential method of maximum entropy that is based on the linearity of Fourier transform and involves reconstruction of images from the differences of the visibility function. The efficiency of the method is demonstrated with respect to the recovery of source images with bright components against the background of a sufficiently weak extended

Timothy C. Beers, John S. Drilling, Silvia Rossi, Masashi Chiba

We report medium-resolution (1-2 A) spectroscopy and broadband (UBV) photometry for a sample of 39 bright stars (the majority of which are likely to be giants) selected as metal-deficient candidates from an objective-prism survey concentrating on Galactic latitudes below |b| = 30 deg, the LSE survey of Drilling & Bergeron. Although the primary purpose of the

C. Zurita, C. Sanchez-Fernandez, J. Casares, P. A. Charles

We present optical photometry and spectroscopy of the X-ray transient XTE J1859+226, obtained during outburst and its subsequent decay to quiescence. Both the X-ray and optical properties are very similar to those of well-studied black hole soft X-ray transients. We have detected 3 minioutbursts, when XTE J1859+226 was approaching quiescence, as has been pre

Mercedes Gomez, Paolo Persi

We present 0.95--2.5 micron moderate (R = 500) resolution spectra of 19 ISOCAM detected sources in the Chamaeleon I dark cloud. Thirteen of these stars are candidate very low mass members of the cloud proposed by Persi et al. (2000 A&A 357:219) on basis of the mid-IR color excess. The sample also includes a bona-fide young brown dwarf (Cha Halpha 1), a trans

Roelof Bottema, Marc A. W. Verheijen

Detailed neutral hydrogen observations have been obtained of the large barred spiral galaxy NGC 3992 and its three small companion galaxies, UGC 6923, UGC 6940, and UGC 6969. For the main galaxy, the HI distribution is regular with a low level radial extension outside the stellar disc. However, at exactly the region of the bar, there is a pronounced central

M. E. Gusakov

We calculate and provide analytic fits of the factors which describe the reduction of the neutrino emissivity of modified Urca and nucleon-nucleon bremsstrahlung processes by superfluidity of neutrons and protons in neutron-star cores. We consider $^1$S$_0$ pairing of protons and either $^1$S$_0$ or $^3$P$_2$ pairing of neutrons. We analyze two types of $^3$

G. Ghisellini, A. Celotti

BeppoSAX is best known for its role in the disclosure of the Gamma-Ray Burst mystery, but it has also improved our understanding of jetted sources in general, and blazars in particular. On the interpretational side, we are curious to see if all sources with relativistic jets (or &#34;flying pancakes&#34;, as in GRBs) are controlled by the same basic physics,

P. Bonifacio, L. Pasquini, F. Spite, A. Bragaglia

We make use of high resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio spectra of 12 turn-off stars in the metal-poor globular cluster NGC 6397 to measure its lithium content. We conclude that they all have the same lithium abundance A(Li) = 2.34 with a standard deviation of 0.056 dex. We use this result, together with Monte Carlo simulations, to estimate that the maxim

S. Hony, L. B. F. M. Waters, A. G. G. M. Tielens

We present 2-45 micron spectra of a large sample of carbon-rich evolved stars in order to study the ``30&#39;&#39; micron feature. We find the ``30&#39;&#39; micron feature in sources in a wide range of sources: low mass loss carbon stars, extreme carbon-stars, post-AGB objects and planetary nebulae. We extract the profiles from the sources by using a simple

Lynne A. Hillenbrand, Jonathan B. Foster, S. E. Persson, K. Matthews

We define and characterize a photometric bandpass (called &#34;Y&#34;) that is centered at 1.035 um, in between the traditionally classified ``optical&#39;&#39; and ``infrared&#39;&#39; spectral regimes. We present Y magnitudes and Y-H and Y-K colors for a sample consisting mostly of photometric and spectral standards, spanning the spectral type range sdO to

G. Paturel, P. Teerikorpi, G. Theureau, P. Fouque

New estimate of the distances of 36 nearby galaxies is presented. It is based on the calibration of the V- and I-band Period-Lumi- nosity relations for galactic Cepheids measured by the HIPPARCOS mission. The distance moduli are obtained in a classical way. The statistical bias due to the incompleteness of the sample is corrected according to the precepts in

D. I. Podolsky, A. A. Starobinsky

We discuss the structure of parametric resonance which occurs in the process of reheating after inflation with two interacting scalar fields. It is found that, for the case of a not too large coupling constant, a quasi-homogeneous part of the second, initially subdominant scalar field may not be neglected due to its stochastic growth during inflation. This f

R. Spurzem, J. Makino, T. Fukushige, G. Lienhart

Challenging stellar dynamical problems, such as the study of gravothermal oscillations in star clusters, have in the past initiated the very successful building of GRAPE special purpose computers. It is discussed, that present day tasks such as the formation and evolution of galactic nuclei with one or more massive black holes and the coupled stellar and gas

M. Pierre, I. Valtchanov, A. Refregier

Thanks to its unrivalled sensitivity and large field of view, XMM potentially occupies a leading position as a survey instrument. We present cosmological arguments in favour of a medium-sensitivity, large-scale structure survey with XMM, using galaxy clusters as tracers of the cosmic network. We show how this has motivated the definition of a concrete survey

K. D. Osborn, D. J. Van Harlingen, Vivek Aji, Nigel Goldenfeld

We report on a systematic investigation of the critical fluctuations in the complex conductivity of epitaxially-grown Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8+δ}$ films for ${T \lesssim T_c}$ using a two-coil inductive technique at zero applied field. We observe the static 3D-XY critical exponent in the superfluid density near $T_{c}$. Linear scaling analysis close t

X. -M. Xu, P. Wang, Y. W. Yu

Based on the measured transverse mass spectra of π^-, K^- and \bar p at the RHIC energy \sqrt {s_{NN}} =130GeV, di-omega productions from baryon-baryon reactions in hadronic matter are studied. Results about the (ΩΩ)_{0^+} total number per event show that the deeply bound state (ΩΩ)_{0^+} can be observed at RHIC energies.

Daniel O. Badagnani

We show a device with which, apparently, information (in the form of a &#34;slash-dot&#34; code) is instantly transmitted via Bell state collapse, over arbitrary distance. We show then why the device does not actually work, and discuss about the &#34;no Bell telephone&#34; statement. We discuss also about the troublesome relationship between the Copenhagen i

Ian T. Durham

Sir Arthur Eddington is considered one of the greatest astrophysicist of the twentieth century and yet he gained a stigma when, in the 1930s, he embarked on a quest to develop a unified theory of gravity and quantum mechanics. His attempts ultimately proved fruitless and he was unfortunately partially shunned by some physicists in the latter portion of his c

M. Sasaki, O. C. Martin

Within generalized random energy models, we study the effects of energy discreteness and of entropy extensivity in the low temperature phase. At zero temperature, discreteness of the energy induces replica symmetry breaking, in contrast to the continuous case where the ground state is unique. However, when the ground state energy has an extensive entropy, th

N. David Mermin

The remarkable transmission of two bits of information via a single qubit entangled with another at the destination, is presented as an expansion of the unremarkable classical circuit that transmits the bits with two direct qubit-qubit couplings between source and destination

Sunil Mukhi, Mukund Rangamani, Erik Verlinde

We consider N=2 moose/quiver gauge theories corresponding to N_1 D3-branes at a C^2/Z_{N_2} singularity in the ``large moose&#39;&#39; limit where N_1 and N_2 are scaled to infinity together. In the dual holographic description, this scaling gives rise to a maximally supersymmetric pp-wave background with a compact light-cone direction. We identify the gauge

I. P. Daykov, T. D. Engeness, T. A. Arias

We present the first wavelet-based all-electron density-functional calculations to include gradient corrections and the first in a solid. Direct comparison shows this approach to be unique in providing systematic ``transparent&#39;&#39; convergence, convergence with a priori prediction of errors, to beyond chemical (millihartree) accuracy. The method is idea

Walter D. Goldberger, Ira Z. Rothstein

In this letter we show that, in five-dimensional anti-deSitter space (AdS) truncated by boundary branes, effective field theory techniques are reliable at high energy (much higher than the scale suggested by the Kaluza-Klein mass gap), provided one computes suitable observables. We argue that in the model of Randall and Sundrum for generating the weak scale

Christiaan Hofman

We study the coupling of the closed string to the open string in the topological B-model. These couplings can be viewed as gauge invariant observables in the open string field theory, or as deformations of the differential graded algebra describing the OSFT. This is interpreted as an intertwining map from the closed string sector to the deformation (Hochschi

Ilya A. Bogaevsky

The shock discontinuities, generically present in inviscid solutions of the forced Burgers equation, and their bifurcations happening in the course of time (perestroikas) are classified in two and three dimensions -- the one-dimensional case is well known. This classification is a result of selecting among all the perestroikas occurring for minimum functions

Michael P. Muno, Deepto Chakrabarty, Duncan K. Galloway, Dimitrios Psaltis

We analyze the frequency evolution of millisecond oscillations observed during type I X-ray bursts with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer in order to establish the stability of the mechanism underlying the oscillations. Our sample contains 68 pulse trains detected in a search of 159 bursts from 8 accreting neutron stars. As a first step, we confirm that the os

C. Bobeth, T. Ewerth, F. Krüger, J. Urban

We extend our previous analysis of the decays B_{d,s} -> mu^+ mu^- in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) to include gluino and neutralino contributions. We provide analytic formulae, valid at large values of tan(beta), for the scalar and pseudoscalar Wilson coefficients arising from neutral Higgs boson exchange diagrams with gluinos and neutral

O. Aharony, M. Fabinger, G. Horowitz, E. Silverstein

We consider the set of controlled time-dependent backgrounds of general relativity and string theory describing ``bubbles of nothing&#39;&#39;, obtained via double analytic continuation of black hole solutions. We analyze their quantum stability, uncover some novel features of their dynamics, identify their causal structure and observables, and compute their

Adrian Kent

Quantum theory is compatible with special relativity. In particular, though measurements on entangled systems are correlated in a way that cannot be reproduced by local hidden variables, they cannot be used for superluminal signalling. As Czachor, Gisin and Polchinski pointed out, this is not true for general nonlinear modifications of the Schroedinger equat

A. S. Alexandrov, A. M. Bratkovsky, R. S. Williams

An exact solution is presented for tunneling through a negative-U d-fold degenerate molecular quantum dot weakly coupled to electrical leads. The tunnel current exhibits hysteresis if the level degeneracy of the negative-U dot is larger than two (d>2). Switching occurs in the voltage range V1 < V < V2 as a result of attractive electron correlations in the mo

A. P. Vieira, S. R. Salinas

We present a phenomenological model for the remanent magnetization at low temperatures in the quasi-one-dimensional dilute antiferromagnets CH_{3}NH_{3}Mn_{1-x}Cd_{x} Cl_{3}\cdot 2H_{2}O and (CH_{3})_{2}NH_{2}Mn_{1-x}Cd_{x}Cl_{3}\cdot 2H_{2}O. The model assumes the existence of uncompensated magnetic moments induced in the odd-sized segments generated along

C. M. Hull

New gaugings of four dimensional N=8 supergravity are constructed, including one which has a Minkowski space vacuum that preserves N=2 supersymmetry and in which the gauge group is broken to $SU(3)xU(1)^2$. Previous gaugings used the form of the ungauged action which is invariant under a rigid $SL(8,R)$ symmetry and promoted a 28-dimensional subgroup ($SO(8)

Andreas Bredthauer, Michael Flohr

Starting from first principles, a constructive method is presented to obtain boundary states in conformal field theory. It is demonstrated that this method is well suited to compute the boundary states of logarithmic conformal field theories. By studying the logarithmic conformal field theory with central charge c=-2 in detail, we show that our method leads

Davide Lazzati, Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz, Martin J. Rees

We compute the luminosity of K_alpha emission lines produced by astrophysically abundant elements in the soft X-ray spectra of the early afterglow of gamma-ray bursts. We find that the detection of these lines can be a diagnostic for the geometrical set-up of the reprocessing material. In particular we can distinguish between a ``geometry dominated&#39;&#39;

M. Governale

We present results on the effects of spin-orbit coupling on the electronic structure of few-electron interacting quantum dots. The ground-state properties as a function of the number of electrons in the dot $N$ are calculated by means of spin density functional theory. We find a suppression of Hund&#39;s rule due to the competition of the Rashba effect and e

Steven A. Moszkowski, Constanca da Providencia, Joao da Providencia, Joao M. Moreira

An extended version of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model is applied to describe both nuclear matter and surface properties of finite nuclei. Several parameter sets are discussed and a comparison of the saturation properties and equation of state (EOS) with the NL3 parametrization of the non-linear Walecka model is made. The properties of asymmetric matter a

Olaf Lechtenfeld, Alexander D. Popov, Sebastian Uhlmann

The equation of motion for Berkovits&#39; WZW-like open (super)string field theory is shown to be integrable in the sense that it can be written as the compatibility condition (&#34;zero-curvature condition&#34;) of some linear equations. Employing a generalization of solution-generating techniques (the splitting and the dressing methods), we demonstrate how

Jürgen Fuchs, Ingo Runkel, Christoph Schweigert

We formulate rational conformal field theory in terms of a symmetric special Frobenius algebra A and its representations. A is an algebra in the modular tensor category of Moore-Seiberg data of the underlying chiral CFT. The multiplication on A corresponds to the OPE of boundary fields for a single boundary condition. General boundary conditions are A-module

Gerd Mockenhaupt, Terence Tao

The restriction and Kakeya problems in Euclidean space have received much attention in the last few decades, and are related to many problems in harmonic analysis, PDE, and number theory. In this paper we initiate the study of these problems on finite fields. The restriction problem then becomes a question about general bounds for certain types of exponentia

Adrian Kent

Causal quantum theory is an umbrella term for ordinary quantum theory modified by two hypotheses: state vector reduction is a well-defined process, and strict local causality applies. The first of these holds in some versions of Copenhagen quantum theory and need not necessarily imply practically testable deviations from ordinary quantum theory. The second i

D. M. Ostrovsky, G. W. Carter, E. V. Shuryak

We consider forced tunneling in QCD, described semiclassically by instanton-antiinstanton field configurations. By separating topologically different minima we obtain details of the effective potential and study the turning states, which are similar to the sphaleron solution in electroweak theory. These states are alternatively derived as minima of the energ

Adrian Dumitru, Robert D. Pisarski

We discuss the behavior of two point functions for Polyakov loops in a SU(3) gauge theory about the critical temperature, T_c. From a Z(3) model, in mean field theory we obtain a prediction for the ratio of masses at T_c, extracted from correlation functions for the imaginary and real parts of the Polyakov loop. This ratio is m_i/m_r = 3 if the potential onl

Mattias Dahl

We show that for generic Riemannian metrics on a closed spin manifold of dimension three the Dirac operator has only simple eigenvalues.

Konrad Banaszek, Andrzej Dragan, Krzysztof Wodkiewicz, Czeslaw Radzewicz

We develop a multimode theory of direct homodyne measurements of quantum optical quasidistribution functions. We demonstrate that unbalanced homodyning with appropriately shaped auxiliary coherent fields allows one to sample point-by-point different phase space representations of the electromagnetic field. Our analysis includes practical factors that are lik

S. Tsuno, K. Sato, J. Fujimoto, T. Ishikawa

We have developed an event generator, named GR@PPA_4b, for the four bottom quark (b bbar b bbar) production processes at PP and PPbar collisions. The program implements all of the possible processes at the tree level within the framework of the Standard Model. Users can generate events from the Higgs boson and photon/Z mediated processes, as well as those fr

Y. Tanuma, K. Kuroki, Y. Tanaka, R. Arita

We propose that anisotropic $p$-, $d$-, or $f$-wave pairing symmetries can be distinguished from a tunneling spectroscopy in the presence of magnetic fields, which is exemplified here for a model organic superconductor ${(TMTSF)}_{2}X$. The shape of the Fermi surface (quasi-one-dimensional in this example) affects sensitively the pairing symmetry, which in t

Julien Barre&#39;, Freddy Bouchet, Thierry Dauxois, Stefano Ruffo

We study the formation of coherent structures in a system with long-range interactions where particles moving on a circle interact through a repulsive cosine potential. Non equilibrium structures are shown to correspond to statistical equilibria of an effective dynamics, which is derived using averaging techniques. This simple behavior might be a prototype o

Bruno Martelli, Carlo Petronio

We classify all the non-hyperbolic Dehn fillings of the complement of the chain-link with 3 components, conjectured to be the smallest hyperbolic 3-manifold with 3 cusps. We deduce the classification of all non-hyperbolic Dehn fillings of infinitely many 1-cusped and 2-cusped hyperbolic manifolds, including most of those with smallest known volume. Among oth

Guray Erkol, Gursevil Turan

We study the differential branching ratio, forward-backward asymmetry, CP-violating asymmetry, CP-violating asymmetry in the forward-backward asymmetry and polarization asymmetries in the $B -> K \ell^+ \ell^-$ and $B -> K^* \ell^+ \ell^-$ decays in the context of a CP softly broken two Higgs doublet model. We analyze the dependencies of these observables on

Sharada Iyer Dutta, Mary Hall Reno, Ina Sarcevic

In scenarios with large extra dimensions and TeV scale gravity ultrahigh energy neutrinos produce black holes in their interactions with the nucleons. We show that ICECUBE and OWL may observe large number of black hole events and provide valuable information about the fundamental Planck scale and the number of extra dimensions. OWL is especially well suited

Joaquim I. Silva-Marcos

We show that large leptonic mixing occurs most naturally in the framework of the Sandard Model just by adding a fourth generation. One can then construct a small $Z_4$ discrete symmetry, instead of the large $S_{4L}\times S_{4R}$, which requires that the neutrino as well as the charged lepton mass matrices be proportional to a $4\times 4$ democratic mass mat

Yuval Grossman, Sourov Roy, Jure Zupan

Recently, Csaki, Kaloper and Terning (CKT) suggested that axion-photon oscillation in the intergalactic medium can explain the observed dimming of distant type Ia supernovae. This mechanism works only if the initial axion flux is much smaller than the initial photon flux. We study several mechanisms for such initial axion production. The direct axion product

Nils A. Tornqvist

I discuss how an extra light scalar meson multiplet could be understood as an effective Higgs nonet of a hidden local U(3) symmetry. There is growing evidence that low energy data requires in addition to a conventional (q bar q) nonet near 1.4 GeV, another light scalar nonet-like structure below 1 GeV, (sigma(600), a_0(980), f_0(980), kappa), which could be

A. Bondar, A. Buzulutskov, L. Shekhtman, V. Snopkov

We study the performance of the triple GEM (Gas Electron Multiplier) detector in pure noble gases He and Kr at high pressures, varying from 1 to 15 atm. The operation in these gases is compared to that recently studied in Ne, Ar and Xe. It turned out that light noble gases, He and Ne, have superior performance: the highest gain, approaching 10^5, and an unus

I. Antoniadis, E. Kiritsis, J. Rizos

We perform a systematic string computation of the masses of anomalous U(1) gauge bosons in four-dimensional orientifold vacua, and we study their localization properties in the internal (compactified) space. We find that N=1 supersymmetric sectors yield four-dimensional contributions, localized in the whole six-dimensional internal space, while N=2 sectors g

Oleg Vasilyev

The universality of the crossing probability $π_{hs}$ of a system to percolate only in the horizontal direction, was investigated numerically by using a cluster Monte-Carlo algorithm for the $q$-state Potts model for $q=2,3,4$ and for percolation $q=1$. We check the percolation through Fortuin-Kasteleyn clusters near the critical point on the square lattice

Y. Z. Zhang, R. Deltour, H. H. Wen, C. Q. Jin

Magnetic relaxation in a MgB$_2$ superconductor was measured. The temperature dependence of the normalized relaxation rate was determined for three different magnetic fields. By extrapolating these rates to T=0 K, we find that these extrapolations do not approach zero, indicating quantum tunneling of vortices in the superconductor. A quantum correction of th

Antonio Pineda

We obtain the next-to-next-to-leading-log renormalization group improvement of the spectrum of Hydrogen-like atoms with massless fermions by using potential NRQED. These results can also be applied to the computation of the muonic Hydrogen spectrum where we are able to reproduce some known double logs at O(mα^6). We compare with other formalisms dealing with

Yuval Grossman, Alexander L. Kagan, Zoltan Ligeti

In the standard model the CP asymmetries in $B\to ψK_S$ and $B\to ψK_L$ are equal in magnitude and opposite in sign to very good approximation. We compute the order $ε_K$ corrections to each of these CP asymmetries and find that they give a deviation from $\sin 2β$ at the half percent level, which may eventually be measurable. However, the correction to $a_{

H. C. Rosu, J. M. Moran-Mirabal, O. Cornejo

The one-parameter nonrelativistic supersymmetry of Mielnik [J. Math. Phys. 25, 3387 (1984)] is applied to the simple supersymmetric model of Caticha [Phys. Rev. A 51, 4264 (1995)] in the form used by Rosu [Phys. Rev. E 55, 2038 (1997)] for microtubules. By this means, we introduce Montroll double-well potentials with singularities that move along the positiv

B. Muthukumar, P. Mitra

It is shown in first order perturbation theory that anharmonic oscillators in non-commutative space behave smoothly in the commutative limit just as harmonic oscillators do. The non-commutativity provides a method for converting a problem in degenerate perturbation theory to a non-degenerate problem.

Radim Filip, Ladislav Mišta

A continuous-variable analog of the Deutsch&#39;s distillation protocol locally operating with two copies of the same Gaussian state is suggested. Irrespectively of the impossibility of Gaussian state distillation, we reveal that this protocol is able to perform a squeezing concentration of the Gaussian states with {\em unknown} displacement. Since this oper

Jose P. Palao, Ronnie Kosloff

Quantum computation is based on implementing selected unitary transformations which represent algorithms. A generalized optimal control theory is used to find the driving field that generates a prespecified unitary transformation. The approach is illustrated in the implementation of one and two qubits gates in model molecular systems.

Frederic Faure, Boris Zhilinskii

We propose a concrete application of the Atiyah-Singer index formula in molecular physics, giving the exact number of levels in energy bands, in terms of vector bundles topology. The formation of topologically coupled bands is demonstrated. This phenomenon is expected to be present in many quantum systems.

Huai-XIn Lu, Zeng-Bing Chen, Jian-Wei Pan, Yong-De Zhang

In this paper, we present a general formula for obtaining the reduced density opeator for any biparticle pure entangled state. Using this formula, we derive, in a compact form, the explicit formula of the entanglement for any bipartical pure entangled Gaussian state. In the case of Gaussian states, the criteria of separabelity can be naturely obtained by the

Andrei Derevianko, Erik D. Emmons

Fourth-order many-body corrections to matrix elements for atoms with one valence electron are derived. The obtained diagrams are classified using coupled-cluster-inspired separation into contributions from n-particle excitations from the lowest-order wavefunction. The complete set of fourth-order diagrams involves only connected single, double, and triple ex

Gerd Steinle-Neumann, Lars Stixrude, R. E. Cohen

The Earth&#39;s inner core plays a vital role in the dynamics of our planet and is itself strongly exposed to dynamic processes as evidenced by a complex pattern of elastic structure. To gain deeper insight into the nature of these processes we rely on a characterization of the physical properties of the inner core which are governed by the material physics

O&#39;Dae Kwon, B. H. Park, J. Y. Kim, J. Bae

Extensive Bose-Einstein condensation research activities have recently led to studies of fermionic atoms and optical confinements. Here we present a case of micro-optical fermionic electron phase transition. Optically confined ordering and phase transitions of a fermionic cloud in dynamic steady state are associated with Rayleigh emissions from photonic quan

S. A. Bass, M. Bleicher, J. Aichelin, F. Becattini

The Omega-bar/Omega ratio originating from string decays is predicted to be larger than unity in proton-proton interaction at SPS energies. The anti-omega dominance increases with decreasing beam energy. This surprising behavior is caused by the combinatorics of quark-antiquark production in small and low-mass strings. Since this behavior is not found in a s