June 2006 arXiv papers — page 26

W. S. Lee, T. Yoshida, W. Meevasana, K. M. Shen

We present the first angle-resolved photoemission measurement on the single-layer Hg-based cuprate, HgBa$_2$CuO$_{4+δ}$ (Hg1201). A quasi-particle peak in the spectrum and a kink in the band dispersion around the diagonal of the Brillouin zone are observed, whereas no structure is detected near the Brillouin zone boundary. To search for a material-dependent

Liang Fu, C. L. Kane

We introduce and analyze a class of one dimensional insulating Hamiltonians which, when adiabatically varied in an appropriate closed cycle, define a "$Z_2$ pump". For an isolated system a single closed cycle of the pump changes the expectation value of the spin at each end even when spin orbit interactions violate the conservation of spin. A second

Daniel ben-Avraham, M. Larry Glasser

This paper has been withdrawn by the authors, due to problems with the derivation of the main rate equation.

A. Hashimoto, N. Momono, M. Oda, M. Ido

We performed STM/STS measurements on underdoped Bi2212 crystals with doping levels p ~ 0.11, ~ 0.13 and ~ 0.14 to examine the nature of the nondispersive 4a X 4a charge order in the superconducting state at T << Tc. The charge order appears conspicuously within the pairing gap, and low doping tends to favor the charge order. We point out the possibility that

Eric Jeckelmann, Holger Fehske

We present the basic principles of exact diagonalization and (dynamical) density-matrix renormalization-group approaches to the calculation of ground state and dynamical properties in electron-phonon systems.

Nicola Bennert, Bruno Jungwiert, Stefanie Komossa, Martin Haas

While [OIII] narrow-band imaging is commonly used to measure the size of the narrow-line regions (NLRs) in active galactic nuclei (AGNs), it can be contaminated by emission from surrounding starbursts. Recently, we have shown that long-slit spectroscopy provides a valuable alternative approach to probe the size in terms of AGN photoionisation. Moreover, seve

C. L. Kuo, J. J. Bock, G. Chattopadthyay, A. Goldin

We have developed a completely lithographic antenna-coupled bolometer for CMB polarimetry. The necessary components of a millimeter wave radiometer -- a beam forming element, a band defining filter, and the TES detectors -- are fabricated on a silicon chip with photolithography. The densely populated antennas allow a very efficient use of the focal plane are

Elias Koulouridis, Vahram Chavushyan, Manolis Plionis, Yair Krongold

We present a 3-dimensional study of the local ($\leq 100 h^{-1}$ kpc) and the large scale ($\leq$ 1 $h^{-1}$ Mpc) environment of Bright IRAS Galaxies (BIRGs). For this purpose we use 87 BIRGs located at high galactic latitudes (with 0.008$\leq z \leq$0.018) as well as a control sample of non-active galaxies having the same morphological, redshift and diamete

Rosanne Di Stefano, Albert Kong, Francis A. Primini

First discovered in the Magellanic Clouds and in the Milky Way, the largest pools of luminous supersoft X-ray sources (SSSs) now known lie in M31 and in more distant galaxies. Hundreds of newly-discovered SSSs are helping us to test models for Type Ia supernovae and to identify SSSs that may represent a wider range of physical systems, including accreting in

Rosanne Di Stefano, Roberto Soria, F. A. Primini, Albert Kong

XMM-Newton and Chandra have ushered in a new era for the study of dwarf galaxies in the Local Group. We provide an overview of the opportunities, challenges, and some early results. The large number of background sources relative to galaxy sources is a major theme. Despite this challenge, the identification of counterparts has been possible, providing hints

M. Goto, T. Usuda, C. P. Dullemond, Th. Henning

We present high-resolution infrared spectroscopy of the Herbig Ae star HD 141569 A in the CO v=2-1 transition. With the angular resolution attained by the adaptive optics system, the gas disk around HD 141569 A is spatially resolved down to its inner-rim truncation. The size of the inner clearing is 11+-2 AU in radius, close to the gravitational radius of th

Kristen Menou, Joel LeMer

Angular momentum transport must have occurred in the Sun&#39;s radiative zone to explain its current solid body rotation. We survey the stability of the early Sun&#39;s radiative zone with respect to diffusive rotational instabilities, for a variety of plausible past configurations. We find that the (faster rotating) early Sun was prone to rotational instabi

Margaret Meixner, Karl D. Gordon, Remy Indebetouw, Joseph L. Hora

We are performing a uniform and unbiased, ~7x7 degrees imaging survey of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), using the IRAC and MIPS instruments on board the Spitzer Space Telescope in order to survey the agents of a galaxy&#39;s evolution (SAGE), the interstellar medium (ISM) and stars in the LMC. The detection of diffuse ISM with column densities >1.2x10^21

Maxwell Moe, Orsola De Marco

We present a population synthesis calculation to derive the total number of planetary nebulae (PN) in the Galaxy that descend from single stars and stars in binary systems. Using the most recent literature results on galactic and stellar formation as well as stellar evolution, we predict the total number of galactic PNe with radii <0.9 pc to be (46,000 +/- 1

Marina Battaglia, Arnold O. Benz

Context: Solar flares release a large fraction of their energy into non-thermal electrons, but it is not clear where and how. Bremsstrahlung X-rays are observed from the corona and chromosphere. Aims: We aim to characterize the acceleration process by the coronal source and its leakage toward the footpoints in the chromosphere. The relations between the sour

Ronald A. Remillard, Jeffrey E. McClintock

We review the properties and behavior X-ray binaries that contain an accreting black hole. The larger majority of such systems are X-ray transients, and many of them were observed in daily pointings with RXTE throughout the course of their outbursts. The complex evolution of these sources is described in terms of common behavior patterns illustrated with com

Stacy McGaugh

I review the data relating to the appearance of the missing mass problem at a particular acceleration scale. Rotation curves are examined in detail, with emphasis on the empirical connection between baryonic and total mass distributions. Other lines of evidence are also considered, including disk stability, dwarf spheroidals, giant ellipticals, clusters of g

K. Belotsky, Yu. Bunkov, H. Godfrin, M. Khlopov

The leading direct dark matter search experiments: CDMS, Edelweis and DAMA/NaI exhibit different results for different approaches to the problem. This contradiction can reflect a nontrivial and probably a multi-component nature of the cosmological dark matter. WIMPs can possess dominantly a Spin Dependent interaction with nucleons. They can be superheavy or

Fred C. Adams, Gregory Laughlin

This paper studies the long term evolution of planetary systems containing short-period planets, including the effects of tidal circularization, secular excitation of eccentricity by companion planets, and stellar damping. For planetary systems subject to all of these effects, analytic solutions (or approximations) are presented for the time evolution of the

M. A. J. Ashdown, C. Baccigalupi, A. Balbi, J. G. Bartlett

We compare the performance of multiple codes written by different groups for making polarized maps from Planck-sized, all-sky cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. Three of the codes are based on a destriping algorithm; the other three are implementations of an optimal maximum-likelihood algorithm. Time-ordered data (TOD) were simulated using the Planck Le

K. A. Marsh, C. D. Dowell, T. Velusamy, K. Grogan

We have used the SHARC II camera at Caltech Submillimeter Observatory to make 350 and 450 micron images of the Vega dust disk at spatial resolutions (FWHM) of 9.7&#34; and 11.1&#34;, respectively. The images show a ring-like morphology (radius \~ 100 AU) with inhomogeneous structure that is qualitatively different from that previously reported at 850 microns

Fred C. Adams, Gregory Laughlin

This paper studies the effects of dynamical interactions among the planets in observed extrasolar planetary systems, including hypothetical additional bodies, with a focus on secular perturbations. These interactions cause the eccentricities of the planets to explore a distribution of values over time scales that are long compared to observational time basel

P. Weltevrede, B. W. Stappers, J. M. Rankin, G. A. E. Wright

The recently discovered RRAT sources are characterized by very bright radio bursts which, while being periodically related, occur infrequently. We find bursts with the same characteristics for the known pulsar B0656+14. These bursts represent pulses from the bright end of an extended smooth pulse-energy distribution and are shown to be unlike giant pulses, g

M. Obric, Z. Ivezic, P. N. Best, R. H. Lupton

We discuss the panchromatic properties of 99,088 galaxies selected from the SDSS Data Release 1 spectroscopic sample (a flux-limited sample for 1360 deg^2). These galaxies are positionally matched to sources detected by ROSAT, GALEX, 2MASS, IRAS, GB6, FIRST, NVSS and WENSS. We find strong correlations between the detection fraction at other wavelengths and o

Charles B. Leffert

A new universal constant of expansion has been discovered with amazing predictive power once its density-time relations have been deciphered. The new constant is kappa, the product of the gravitational constant, and the average total mass-energy density of our universe and the square of the cosmic time. With the ten parameters known, this relation promises t

J. -F. Sauvage, L. Mugnier, T. Fusco, G. Rousset

The direct imaging from the ground of extrasolar planets has become today a major astronomical and biological focus. This kind of imaging requires simultaneously the use of a dedicated high performance Adaptive Optics [AO] system and a differential imaging camera in order to cancel out the flux coming from the star. In addition, the use of sophisticated post

Wayne Holland, Michael MacIntosh, Alasdair Fairley, Dennis Kelly

SCUBA-2 is an innovative 10,000 pixel submillimeter camera due to be delivered to the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope in late 2006. The camera is expected to revolutionize submillimeter astronomy in terms of the ability to carry out wide-field surveys to unprecedented depths addressing key questions relating to the origins of galaxies, stars and planets. This

Andrew McGrath, Roger Haynes

We explore the range of wide field multi-object instrument concepts taking advantage of the unique capabilities of the Starbug focal plane positioning concept. Advances to familiar instrument concepts, such as fiber positioners and deployable fiber-fed IFUs, are discussed along with image relays and deployable active sensors. We conceive deployable payloads

M. van den Berg, J. Grindlay, S. Laycock, J. Hong

We have searched the OGLE-II archive for candidate counterparts of X-ray sources detected in two low-extinction windows included in our Galactic bulge Chandra/HST survey. We find that a significant number - i.e. in excess of the expected level of random associations - can be matched with probable M-giants. Their X-ray properties can be understood if these so

J. X. Wang, P. Jiang

Recent wide area hard X-ray and soft Gamma ray surveys have shown that the fraction of X-ray obscured AGNs in the local universe significantly decreases with intrinsic luminosity. In this letter we point out that two correction have to be made to the samples: 1) radio loud AGNs have to be excluded since their X-ray emission might be dominated by the jet comp

C. M. Savage, P. E. Schwenn, K. V. Kheruntsyan

We investigate the quantum many-body dynamics of dissociation of a Bose-Einstein condensate of molecular dimers into pairs of constituent bosonic atoms and analyze the resulting atom-atom correlations. The quantum fields of both the molecules and atoms are simulated from first principles in three dimensions using the positive-P representation method. This al

Marcelo Samuel Berman

We discuss astronomical and astrophysical evidence, which we relate to the principle of zero-total energy of the Universe, that imply several relations among the mass M, the radius R and the angular momentum L of a &#34;large&#34; sphere representing a Machian Universe. By calculating the angular speed, we find a peculiar centripetal acceleration for the Uni

A. W. Beckwith

We examine from first principles the implications of the 5th Randall-Sundrum Brane world dimension in terms of setting initial conditions for chaotic inflationary physics. Our model pre supposes that the inflationary potential pioneered by Guth is equivalent in magnitute in its initial inflationary state to the effective potential presented in the Randall-Su

Yunfeng Jiang, Hsian-Hua Tseng

We prove a formula for the orbifold Chow ring of semi-projective toric DM stacks, generalizing the orbifold Chow ring formula of projective toric DM stacks by Borisov-Chen-Smith. We also consider a special kind of semi-projective toric DM stacks, the Lawrence toric DM stacks. We prove that the orbifold Chow ring of a Lawrence toric DM stack is isomorphic to

Thiago R. de Oliveira, Gustavo Rigolin, Marcos C. de Oliveira, Eduardo Miranda

We derive a general relation between the non-analyticities of the ground state energy and those of a subclass of the multipartite generalized global entanglement (GGE) measure defined by T. R. de Oliveira et al. [Phys. Rev. A 73, 010305(R) (2006)] for many-particle systems. We show that GGE signals both a critical point location and the order of a quantum ph

Nicolas Bouche, Michael T. Murphy, Celine Peroux, Istvan Csabai

We measure the mean halo-mass of z=0.5 MgII absorbers using the cross-correlation (over co-moving scales 0.05-13h^{-1}Mpc) between 1806 MgII quasar absorption systems and ~250,000 Luminous Red Galaxies (LRGs), both selected from the SDSS DR3. The MgII systems have rest-frame equivalent widths W_r(2796)>=0.3A. From the ratio of the MgII-LRG cross-correlation

Charles D. Dermer

GRB X-ray light curves display rapid declines followed by a gradual steepening or plateau phase in >~ 30% of GRBs in the Swift sample. Treating the standard relativistic blastwave model in a uniform circumburst medium, it is shown that if GRBs accelerate ultra-high energy cosmic rays through a Fermi mechanism, then the hadronic component can be rapidly deple

Adrian L. Melott, Bruce S. Lieberman

We have examined the Fourier power spectrum as well as the Hurst exponent of extinction, origination, and total biodiversity in the marine fossil record, using a recently improved geologic timescale. We find all of them strongly inconsistent with past claims of self-similarity as well as inconsistent with random walk behavior. Instead, they are dominated by

Joseph B. Keller, Lu Ting

A systematic derivation of a set of equations governing large scale atmospheric motions is presented. They are derived by introducing new variables scaled in terms of a small parameter.The solution is expanded in powers of this parameter.This leads to the hydrostatic pressure and geostrophic wind equations.The resulting set of equations is similar to that pr

B. Holdom

The first evidence of new strong interactions may be a sufficiently massive fourth family observed at the LHC. The fourth family masses, of the leptons in particular, are constrained by the electroweak precision data, and this leads to signatures at the LHC that may imply early discovery. We study the implications of this discovery from a bottom-up perspecti

Tea Temim, Robert D. Gehrz, Charles E. Woodward, Thomas L. Roellig

We present 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, 8.0, 24, and 70 micron images of the Crab Nebula obtained with the Spitzer Space Telescope IRAC and MIPS cameras, Low- and High-resolution Spitzer IRS spectra of selected positions within the nebula, and a near-infrared ground-based image made in the light of [Fe II]1.644 micron. The 8.0 micron image, made with a bandpass that inclu

Terence J. Tarnowsky, Brijesh K. Srivastava, Rolf P. Scharenberg

Multiparticle production at high energies is described in terms of color strings stretched between the projectile and target. As string density increases, overlap among the strings leads to cluster formation. At some critical density a macroscopic cluster appears, spanning the entire system. This marks the percolation phase transition. Data from p+p, d+Au an

Callum Durnford, George Georgiou, Valentin V. Khoze

We consider instanton effects in a non-supersymmetric gauge theory obtained by marginal deformations of the N=4 SYM. This gauge theory is expected to be dual to type IIB string theory on the AdS_5 times deformed-S^5 background. From an instanton calculation in the deformed gauge theory we extract the prediction for the dilaton-axion field τin dual string the

Thomas Schaefer

We discuss some aspects of cold atomic gases in the unitarity limit that are of interest in connection with the physics of dense hadronic matter. We consider, in particular, the equation of state at zero temperature, the magnitude of the pairing gap, and the phase diagram at non-zero polarization.

Donald Marolf, Simon Ross

In AdS, scalar fields with masses slightly above the Breitenlohner-Freedman bound admit a variety of possible boundary conditions which are reflected in the Lagrangian of the dual field theory. Generic small changes in the AdS boundary conditions correspond to deformations of the dual field theory by multi-trace operators. Here we extend this discussion to t

Louis H. Kauffman, Samuel J. Lomonaco

We review the q-deformed spin network approach to Topological Quantum Field Theory and apply these methods to produce unitary representations of the braid groups that are dense in the unitary groups. Our methods are rooted in the bracket state sum model for the Jones polynomial. We give our results for a large class of representations based on values for the

Akram Aldroubi, Carlos Cabrelli, Doug Hardin, Ursula Molter

Given a set of functions F={f_1,...,f_m} of L2(Rd), we study the problem of finding the shift-invariant space V with n generators {phi_1,...,phi_n} that is ``closest&#39;&#39; to the functions of F in the sense that V minimize the least square distance from the data F to V over the set of all shift-invariant spaces that can be generated by n or less generato

Mehdi Hassani

In this note, we approximate the average of prime powers in the decomposition of $n!$ into prime numbers.

Eric R. Bittner

Recent ultrafast experiments have implicated that intrachain base-stacking rather than base-pairing mediate the fate and transport of photoexcited species in DNA chains. Here use an $SU(2)\otimes SU(2)$ lattice model which incorporates both intrachain and interchain electronic interactions to study the quantum mechanical evolution of an initial excitonic sta

Amir-Kian Kashani-Poor

We calculate the topological string partition function to all genus on the conifold, in the presence of branes. We demonstrate that the partition functions for different brane backgrounds (smoothly connected along a quantum corrected moduli space) can be interpreted as the same wave function in different polarizations. This behavior has a natural interpretat

Piero Olla

An analytical study of the return time distribution of extreme events for stochastic processes with power-law correlation has been carried on. The calculation is based on an epsilon-expansion in the correlation exponent: C(t)=|t|^{-1+epsilon}. The fixed point of the theory is associated with stretched exponential scaling of the distribution; analytical expre

M. Agranovsky, P. Kuchment, E. T. Quinto

The transform considered in the paper averages a function supported in a ball in $\RR^n$ over all spheres centered at the boundary of the ball. This Radon type transform arises in several contemporary applications, e.g. in thermoacoustic tomography and sonar and radar imaging. Range descriptions for such transforms are important in all these areas, for insta

M. Trimpl, M. Koch, R. Kohrs, H. Krueger

We have developed a prototype system for the ILC vertex detector based on DEPFET pixels. The system operates a 128x64 matrix (with ~35x25 square micron large pixels) and uses two dedicated microchips, the SWITCHER II chip for matrix steering and the CURO II chip for readout. The system development has been driven by the final ILC requirements which above all

Leonid Libkin

Labeled unranked trees are used as a model of XML documents, and logical languages for them have been studied actively over the past several years. Such logics have different purposes: some are better suited for extracting data, some for expressing navigational properties, and some make it easy to relate complex properties of trees to the existence of tree a

C. Vuissoz, F. Courbin, D. Sluse, G. Meylan

Aims: Our aim is to measure the time delay between the two gravitationally lensed images of the z = 1.547 quasar SDSS J1650+4251, in order to estimate the Hubble constant H_0. Methods: Our measurement is based on R-band light curves with 57 epochs obtained at Maidanak Observatory, in Uzbekistan, from May 2004 to September 2005. The photometry is performed us

Andreas Greven, Lea Popovic, Anita Winter

We consider catalytic branching populations. They consist of a catalyst population evolving according to a critical binary branching process in continuous time with a constant branching rate and a reactant population with a branching rate proportional to the number of catalyst individuals alive. The reactant forms a process in random medium. We describe asym

J. K. Parry

Realistic predictions are made for lepton flavour violating and flavour changing neutral current decays in the large tan beta regime of a SUSY-seesaw model. Lepton flavour violating neutral Higgs decays are discussed within this framework along with the highly constraining charged lepton decays l_i --> l_j + gamma. In the b-s system the important constraint

C. J. Meining, V. R. Whiteside, B. D. McCombe, A. B. Dzyubenko

Optically detected resonance spectroscopy has been used to investigate effects of weak random lateral potential energy fluctuations on internal transitions of charged magneto-excitons (trions) in quasi two-dimensional GaAs/AlGaAs quantum-well (QW) structures. Resonant changes in the ensemble photoluminescence induced by far-infrared radiation were studied as

Huy Tai Ha, Brent Strunk

Let S be a standard N^k-graded polynomial ring over a field. Let I be a multigraded homogeneous ideal in S and let M be a finitely generated Z^k-graded S-module. We prove that the resolution regularity, a multigraded variant of Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity, of I^nM is asymptotically a linear function. This shows that the well known Z-graded phenomenon carr

Paul H. Frampton

My talk described the conformality approach to extending the standard model of particle phenomenology using an assumption of no conformal anomaly at high energy. Topics included quiver gauge theory, the conformality approach to phenomenology, strong-electroweak unification at 4 TeV, cancellation of quadratic divergences, cancellation of U(1) anomalies, and a

R. Iengo, J. Russo

We develop the general formalism for joining, splitting and interconnection of closed and open strings. As an application, we study examples of fundamental cosmic string collisions leading to gravitational collapse. We find that the interconnection of two strings of equal and opposite maximal angular momentum and arbitrarily large mass generically leads to t

K. B. Gubbels, M. W. J. Romans, H. T. C. Stoof

We consider a trapped unbalanced Fermi gas at nonzero temperatures where the superfluid Sarma phase is stable. We determine in particular the phase boundaries between the superfluid, normal, and phase separated regions of the trapped unbalanced Fermi mixture. We show that the physics of the Sarma phase is sufficient to understand the recent observations of Z

Joachim Kopp, Manfred Lindner, Alexander Merle, Mark Rolinec

We discuss several new ideas for reactor neutrino oscillation experiments with a Large Liquid Scintillator Detector. We consider two different scenarios for a measurement of the small mixing angle $θ_{13}$ with a mobile $\barν_e$ source: a nuclear-powered ship, such as a submarine or an icebreaker, and a land-based scenario with a mobile reactor. The former

H. T. Ng, K. Burnett

We study the area-dependent entropy and two-site entanglement for two state Bose-Einstein condensates in a 2D optical lattice. We consider the case where the array of two component condensates behave like an ensemble of spin-half particles with the interaction to its nearest neighbors and next nearest neighbors. We show how the Hamiltonian of their Bose-Eins

Liviu Ornea, Misha Verbitsky

A Hermitian Einstein-Weyl manifold is a complex manifold admitting a Ricci-flat Kaehler covering W, with the deck transform acting on W by homotheties. If compact, it admits a canonical Vaisman metric, due to Gauduchon. We show that a Hermitian Einstein-Weyl structure on a compact complex manifold is determined by its volume form. This result is a conformal

D. C. Marinescu

We calculate the dephasing time $τ_ϕ(B)$ of an electron in a two-dimensional quantum well with a Rashba spin-orbit interaction, spin-polarized by an arbitrarily large magnetic field parallel to the layer. $τ_ϕ(B)$ is estimated from the logarithmic corrections to the conductivity, within a perturbative approach, that assumes weak isotropic disorder scattering

Zheng Zheng, Ye Lu, Yong-Heng Zhao

Prompt optical emission from the $γ$-ray burst of GRB 041219A has been reported by Vestrand et al. There was a fast rise of optical emission simultaneous with the dominant $γ$-ray pulse, and a tight correlation with the prompt $γ$-ray emission has been displayed. These indicate that the prompt optical emission and $γ$-ray emission would naturally have a comm

Mridul Aanjaneya

We consider tromino tilings of $m\times n$ domino-deficient rectangles, where $3|(mn-2)$ and $m,n\geq0$, and characterize all cases of domino removal that admit such tilings, thereby settling the open problem posed by J. M. Ash and S. Golomb in \cite {marshall}. Based on this characterization, we design a procedure for constructing such a tiling if one exist

The H. E. S. S. Collaboration, :, F. A. Aharonian

Aims. Search for Very High Energy gamma-ray emission in the Kookaburra complex through observations with the H.E.S.S. array. Methods. Stereoscopic imaging of Cherenkov light emission of the gamma-ray showers in the atmosphere is used for the reconstruction and selection of the events to search for gamma-ray signals. Their spectrum is derived by a forward-fol

Hyunseok Jeong, Nguyen Ba An

We study GHZ-type and W-type three-mode entangled coherent states. Both the types of entangled coherent states violate Mermin&#39;s version of the Bell inequality with threshold photon detection (i.e., without photon counting). Such an experiment can be performed using linear optics elements and threshold detectors with significant Bell violations for GHZ-ty

Pankaj Jain, Satish D. Joglekar, Subhadip Mitra

We construct a nonlocal gauge invariant Lagrangian to model the electromagnetic interaction of proton. The Lagrangian includes all allowed operators with dimension up to five. We compute the two photon exchange contribution to elastic electron-proton scattering using this effective nonlocal Lagrangian. The one loop calculation in this model includes the stan

VN Tram

The J/$\psi$ yields in heavy ion collisions are expected to be a promising probe of deconfined matter, since theoretical models predict that the J/$\psi$ production could be strongly suppressed due to color screening effect in a Quark Gluon Plasma. In addition, one of the interesting predictions that has emerged recently is the J/$\psi$ enhancement at RHIC e

Mathieu Meyer, Shlomo Reisner

We prove that the reciprocal of the volume of the polar bodies, about the Santaló point, of a {\em shadow system} of convex bodies $K_t$, is a convex function of $t$. Thus extending to the non-symmetric case a result of Campi and Gronchi. The case that the reciprocal of the volume is an affine function of $t$ is also investigated and is characterized under c

Lianyi He, Meng Jin, Pengfei Zhuang

We investigated possible superfluid phases at finite temperature in a two-component Fermi gas with density imbalance. In the frame of a general four-fermion interaction theory, we solved in the BCS region the gap equations for the pairing gap and pairing momentum under the restriction of fixed number densities, and analyzed the stability of different phases

Radouane Gannouji, David Polarski, Andre Ranquet, Alexei A. Starobinsky

We consider the viability of dark energy (DE) models in the framework of the scalar-tensor theory of gravity, including the possibility to have a phantom DE at small redshifts $z$ as admitted by supernova luminosity-distance data. For small $z$, the generic solution for these models is constructed in the form of a power series in $z$ without any approximatio

Hilbert v. Löhneysen, Achim Rosch, Matthias Vojta, Peter Wölfle

This review discusses instabilities of the Fermi-liquid state of conduction electrons in metals with particular emphasis on magnetic quantum critical points. Both the existing theoretical concepts and experimental data on selected materials are presented; with the aim of assessing the validity of presently available theory. After briefly recalling the fundam

Philippe Brax, Jerome Martin

We study the cosmological evolution of the universe when quintessence is modeled within supergravity, supersymmetry is broken in a hidden sector, and we also include observable matter in a third independent sector. We find that the presence of hidden sector supersymmetry breaking leads to modifications of the quintessence potential. We focus on the coupling

Benoît Daniel

We study the Gauss map of minimal surfaces in the Heisenberg group $\mathrm{Nil}_3$ endowed with a left-invariant Riemannian metric. We prove that the Gauss map of a nowhere vertical minimal surface is harmonic into the hyperbolic plane $\mathbb{H}^2$. Conversely, any nowhere antiholomorphic harmonic map into $\mathbb{H}^2$ is the Gauss map of a nowhere vert

D. M. Gangardt, G. V. Shlyapnikov

We consider off-diagonal correlation functions of impenetrable bosons on a lattice. By using the Jordan-Wigner transformation the one-body density matrix is represented as (Toeplitz) determinant of a matrix of fermionic Green functions. Using the replica method we calculate exactly the full long-range asymptotic behaviour of the one-body density matrix. We d

Karen L. van der Molen, Allard P. Mosk, Ad Lagendijk

We present a quantitative experimental and theoretical study of shot-to-shot intensity fluctuations in the emitted light of a random laser. A model that clarifies these intrinsic fluctuations is developed. We describe the output versus input power graphs of the random laser with an effective spontaneous emission factor (beta factor).

Lior Fishman

We construct (α,β) and α-winning sets in the sense of Schmidt&#39;s game, played on the support of certain measures (very friendly and awfully friendly measures) and show how to derive the Hausdorff dimension for some. In particular we prove that if K is the attractor of an irreducible finite family of contracting similarity maps of R^N satisfying the open s

Victor S. L&#39;vov, Itamar Procaccia, Oleksii Rudenko

Turbulent boundary layers exhibit a universal structure which nevertheless is rather complex, being composed of a viscous sub-layer, a buffer zone, and a turbulent log-law region. In this letter we present a simple analytic model of turbulent boundary layers which culminates in explicit formulae for the profiles of the mean velocity, the kinetic energy and t

Johan Jonasson, Jeffrey E. Steif

We consider two dynamical variants of Dvoretzky&#39;s classical problem of random interval coverings of the unit circle, the latter having been completely solved by L. Shepp. In the first model, the centers of the intervals perform independent Brownian motions and in the second model, the positions of the intervals are updated according to independent Poisso

Paolo Politi, Alessandro Torcini

We consider a class of unstable surface growth models, z_t = -\partial_x J, developing a mound structure of size lambda and displaying a perpetual coarsening process, i.e. an endless increase in time of lambda. The coarsening exponents n, defined by the growth law of the mound size lambda with time, lambda=t^n, were previously found by numerical integration

Akira Oguri, Yunori Nisikawa, Yoshihide Tanaka, Takahide Numata

We study transport through a triangle triple quantum dot connected to two noninteracting leads using the numerical renormalization group (NRG). The triangle has a high-spin ground state of S=1 caused by a Nagaoka ferromagnetism, when it is isolated and has one extra electron introduced into a half-filling. The results show that the conduction electrons scree

Marco Picco, Andreas Honecker, Pierre Pujol

The random-bond Ising model on the square lattice has several disordered critical points, depending on the probability distribution of the bonds. There are a finite-temperature multicritical point, called Nishimori point, and a zero-temperature fixed point, for both a binary distribution where the coupling constants take the values +/- J and a Gaussian disor

Volker Mayer, Mariusz Urbanski

Working with well chosen Riemannian metrics and employing Nevanlinna&#39;s theory, we make the thermodynamical formalism work for a wide class of hyperbolic meromorphic functions of finite order (including in particular exponential family, elliptic functions, cosine, tangent and the cosine--root family and also compositions of these functions with arbitrary

Makoto Ozawa

In this paper, we give a necessary condition for a diagram to represent the trivial knot.

Sergey Zlobin

We evaluate certain multidimensional integrals in terms of the Lerch transcendent function $Φ$, generalizing Guillera-Sondow&#39;s formulas. As an application, we get new representations of classical constants like Euler&#39;s constant $γ$ and $\ln(4/π)$.

Tamon Suwa, Asao Habe, Kohji Yoshikawa

We compare the highly clustered populations of very high redshift galaxies with proto-clusters identified numerically in a standard $Λ$CDM universe ($Ω_0=0.3, λ_0=0.7$) simulation. We evolve 256^3 dark matter particles in a comoving box of side 150h^{-1}Mpc. By the present day there are 63 cluster sized objects of mass in excess of 10^{14}h^{-1}Mo in this bo

X. Wu, W. Fang, A. Yamilov, A. A. Chabanov

We present detailed experimental and numerical studies of random lasing in weakly scattering systems. The interference of scattered light, which is weak in the passive systems, is greatly enhanced in the presence of high gain, providing coherent and resonant feedback for lasing. The lasing modes are confined in the vicinity of the pumped volume due to absorp

Ikuo Ichinose

In this paper we shall study a gauge theory of nodal spinons which appears as a low-energy effective theory for antiferromagnetic (AF) Heisenberg models. In most of studies on the nodal spinons given so far, the gauge interaction between spinons was assumed weak and nonperturbative effects like instantons and vortices were ignored. In the present paper, we s

Naoki Yamamoto, Maryam Fazel

In this paper, we address the problem of designing a quantum encoder that maximizes the minimum output purity of a given decohering channel, where the minimum is taken over all possible pure inputs. This problem is cast as a max-min optimization problem with a rank constraint on an appropriately defined matrix variable. The problem is computationally very ha

Damian Markham, Janet Anders, Vlatko Vedral, Mio Murao

We present a general sufficiency condition for the presence of multipartite entanglement in thermal states stemming from the ground state entanglement. The condition is written in terms of the ground state entanglement and the partition function and it gives transition temperatures below which entanglement is guaranteed to survive. It is flexible and can be

A. Yamaguchi, H. Miyajima, T. Ono, Y. Suzuki

We report the rectification of a constant wave radio frequency (RF) current by using a single-layer magnetic nanowire; a direct-current voltage is resonantly generated when the RF current flows through the nanowire. The mechanism of the rectification is discussed in terms of the spin torque diode effect reported for magnetic tunnel junction devices and the r

Yong-Seon Song, Ignacy Sawicki, Wayne Hu

The self-accelerating braneworld model (DGP) can be tested from measurements of the expansion history of the universe and the formation of structure. Current constraints on the expansion history from supernova luminosity distances, the CMB, and the Hubble constant exclude the simplest flat DGP model at about 3sigma. The best-fit open DGP model is, however, o

Ignacy Sawicki, Yong-Seon Song, Wayne Hu

We develop a scaling ansatz for the master equation in Dvali, Gabadadze, Porrati cosmologies, which allows us to solve the equations of motion for perturbations off the brane during periods when the on-brane evolution is scale-free. This allows us to understand the behavior of the gravitational potentials outside the horizon at high redshifts and close to th

A. J. Scott, Todd A. Brun, Carlton M. Caves, Ruediger Schack

Classical chaotic systems are distinguished by their sensitive dependence on initial conditions. The absence of this property in quantum systems has lead to a number of proposals for perturbation-based characterizations of quantum chaos, including linear growth of entropy, exponential decay of fidelity, and hypersensitivity to perturbation. All of these accu

Hong Yao, John A. Robertson, Eun-Ah Kim, Steven A. Kivelson

Even though the rare-earth tritellurides are tetragonal materials with a quasi two dimensional (2D) band structure, they have a &#34;hidden&#34; 1D character. The resultant near-perfect nesting of the Fermi surface leads to the formation of a charge density wave (CDW) state. We show that for this band structure, there are two possible ordered phases: A bidir

Paul Lasky, Anthony Lun

Utilizing the ADM equations, we derive a metric and reduced field equations describing a general, spherically symmetric perfect fluid. The metric describes both the interior perfect fluid region and exterior vacuum Schwarzschild spacetime in a single coordinate patch. The exterior spacetime is in generalized Painleve-Gullstrand coordinates which is an infini