October 2008 arXiv papers — page 38

Yuanyou Cheng

The Riemann hypothesis is equivalent to the $\varpi$-form of the prime number theorem as $\varpi(x) =O(x\sp{1/2} \log\sp{2} x)$, where $\varpi(x) =\sum\sb{n\le x}\ \bigl(\Lambda(n) -1\big)$ with the sum running through the set of all natural integers. Let ${\mathsf Z}(s) = -\tfrac{\zeta\sp{\prime}(s)}{\zeta(s)} -\zeta(s)$. We use the classical integral formu

Wang Yao, Shengyuan A. Yang, Qian Niu

We study edge-states in graphene systems where a bulk energy gap is opened by inversion symmetry breaking. We find that the edge-bands dispersion can be controlled by potentials applied on the boundary with unit cell length scale. Under certain boundary potentials, gapless edge-states with valley-dependent velocity are found, exactly analogous to the spin-de

A. M. Berridge, A. G. Green, S. A. Grigera, B. D. Simons

The phase diagram of Sr3Ru2O7 contains a metamagnetic transition that bifurcates to enclose an anomalous phase with intriguing properties - a large resistivity with anisotropy that breaks the crystal-lattice symmetry. We propose that this is a magnetic analogue of the spatially inhomogeneous superconducting Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state. We show - th

Paul Balmer, Goncalo Tabuada

Given a group, we construct a fundamental additive functor on its orbit category. We prove that any isomorphism conjecture valid for this fundamental isomorphism functor holds for all additive functors, like K-theory, cyclic homology, topological Hochschild homology, etc. Finally, we reduce this fundamental isomorphism conjecture for K-theoretic ones.

Hilmar Forkel

We study chaotic regions in the phase space of classical non-Abelian gauge theory, focusing particularly on those which determine the low-energy interactions between BPS monopoles, and comment on the relevance of the obtained results for long-standing speculations which relate classical Yang-Mills chaos to the disordered quantum vacuum and quark confinement.

Gert Aarts

A nonperturbative study of field theories with a complex action, such as QCD at finite baryon density, is difficult due to the sign problem. We show that the relativistic Bose gas at finite chemical potential has a sign and `Silver Blaze' problem, similar to QCD. We then apply stochastic quantization and complex Langevin dynamics to study this theory wit

P. R. Crompton

We quantify the probability per unit Euclidean-time of reversing the magnetization of a $π$-Bloch vector, which describes the Ferromagnetic Domain Walls of a Ferromagnetic Nanowire at finite-temperatures, by evaluating the saddlepoint solution of the grand canonical partition function for the Ferromagnetic Nanowire consisting of $N$ such soliton and anti-sol

P. R. Crompton

We investigate the critical scaling of the spin-1/2 antiferromagnet on the square lattice in the easy-plane (XXZ) regime, via numerical measurements of the entanglement entropy constructed from the zeroes of a polynomial ring. We relate these results to conformal field theory predictions for the area law scaling of entanglement entropyin the vicinity of quan

I. P. Lokhtin

The capabilities of the CMS experiment to study properties of hot and dense QCD-matter created in heavy ion collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider with the perturbative processes (so-called "hard probes") are presented. Detailed studies from complete simulations of the CMS detectors in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5.5$ TeV per nucleon pair are present

M. Mathes, M. Cristinziani, H. Kagan, S. Smith

Diamond has been developed as a material for the detection of charged particles by ionization. Its radiation hardness makes it an attractive material for detectors operated in a harsh radiation environment e.g. close to a particle beam as is the case for beam monitoring and for pixel vertex detectors. Poly-crystalline chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond

Sergey Foss, Dmitry Korshunov, Stan Zachary

Convolutions of long-tailed and subexponential distributions play a major role in the analysis of many stochastic systems. We study these convolutions, proving some important new results through a simple and coherent approach, and showing also that the standard properties of such convolutions follow as easy consequences.

Nurulla Azamov

Given a self-adjoint operator H, a self-adjoint trace class operator V and a fixed Hilbert-Schmidt operator F with trivial kernel and co-kernel, using limiting absorption principle an explicit set of full Lebesgue measure is defined such that for all points of this set the wave and the scattering matrices can be defined and constructed unambiguously. Many we

Nathan Belcher, Eugeniy E. Mikhailov, Irina Novikova

We demonstrate how to construct and operate a simple and affordable experimental apparatus, appropriate for an undergraduate setting, in order to produce and study coherent effects in atomic vapor and to investigate their applications for metrology. The apparatus consists of a vertical cavity surface emitting diode laser (VCSEL) directly current-modulated us

Vladimir G. Ivancevic, Tijana T. Ivancevic

These are lecture notes for a 1-semester undergraduate course (in computer science, mathematics, physics, engineering, chemistry or biology) in applied categorical meta-language. The only necessary background for comprehensive reading of these notes are first-year calculus and linear algebra.

Nicholas A. Moskovitz, Eric Gaidos, Darren Williams

We investigate the influence of lunar-like satellites on the infrared orbital light curves of Earth-analog extra-solar planets. Such light curves will be obtained by NASA's Terrestrial Planet Finder (TPF) and ESA's Darwin missions as a consequence of repeat observations to confirm the companion status of a putative planet. We use an energy balance mo

Ta Khongsap, Weiqiang Wang

We introduce an odd double affine Hecke algebra (DaHa) generated by a classical Weyl group W and two skew-polynomial subalgebras of anticommuting generators. This algebra is shown to be Morita equivalent to another new DaHa which are generated by W and two polynomial-Clifford subalgebras. There is yet a third algebra containing a spin Weyl group algebra whic

David Naccache, Igor E. Shparlinski

This paper deals with products of moderate-size primes, familiarly known as smooth numbers. Smooth numbers play a crucial role in information theory, signal processing and cryptography. We present various properties of smooth numbers relating to their enumeration, distribution and occurrence in various integer sequences. We then turn our attention to cryptog

Georgia Benkart, Paul Terwilliger

This article contains an investigation of the equitable basis for the Lie algebra sl_2. Denoting this basis by {x,y,z}, we have [x,y] = 2x + 2y, [y,z] = 2y + 2z, [z, x] = 2z + 2x. One focus of our study is the group of automorphisms G generated by exp(ad x*), exp(ad y*), exp(ad z*), where {x*,y*,z*} is the basis for sl_2 dual to {x,y,z} with respect to the t

Jan Gutt

We investigate nonintegrable Riemannian geometries modelled after certain symmetric spaces related to the Freudenthal-Tits Magic Square. The collection of four such structures found by Nurowski is extended by further eight. A focus is given to those admitting a compatible connection with completely skew torsion.

K. Y. Bliokh, A. Niv, V. Kleiner, E. Hasman

The semiclassical evolution of spinning particles has recently been re-examined in condensed matter physics, high energy physics, and optics, resulting in the prediction of the intrinsic spin Hall effect associated with the Berry phase. A fundamental nature of this effect is related to the spin-orbit interaction and topological monopoles. Here we report a un

Chunxi Li, Changjia Chen

A protocol named Threshold Bipolar (TB) is proposed as a fetching strategy at the startup stage of p2p live streaming systems. In this protocol, chunks are fetched consecutively from buffer head at the beginning. After the buffer is filled into a threshold, chunks at the buffer tail will be fetched first while keeping the contiguously filled part in the buff

Sameer Pawar, Amir Salman Avestimehr, David N. C. Tse

We show that the diversity-multiplexing tradeoff of a half-duplex single-relay channel with identically distributed Rayleigh fading channel gains meets the 2 by 1 MISO bound. We generalize the result to the case when there are N non-interfering relays and show that the diversity-multiplexing tradeoff is equal to the N + 1 by 1 MISO bound.

Oscar Blasco, Geraldo Botelho, Daniel Pellegrino, Pilar Rueda

In this paper we prove a plenty of new results concerning summabililty properties of multilinear mappings between Banach spaces, such as an extension of Littlewood's 4/3 Theorem. Among other features, it is shown that every continuous n-linear form on the disc algebra or the Hardy space is (1;2,...,2)-summing, the role of the Littlewood-Orlicz property i

Christopher L. Douglas, André G. Henriques, Michael A. Hill

We observe that the Poincare duality isomorphism for a string manifold is an isomorphism of modules over the subalgebra A(2) of the modulo 2 Steenrod algebra. In particular, the pattern of the operations Sq^1, Sq^2, and Sq^4 on the cohomology of a string manifold has a symmetry around the middle dimension. We characterize this kind of cohomology operation du

Frank Y. Wang

After the discovery of element 93 neptunium by Edwin McMillan and Philip H. Abelson in 1941, Maria Goeppert Mayer applied the Thomas-Fermi model to calculate the electronic configuration of heavy elements and predicted the occurrence of a second rare-earth series in the vicinity of elements 91 or 92 extending to the transuranic elements. Mayer was motivated

B. R. K. Nanda, S. Satpathy

We study the magnetic structure of the (LaMnO$_3$)$_{2n}$/(SrMnO$_3$)$_n$ superlattices from density-functional calculations. In agreement with the experiments, we find that the magnetism changes with the layer thickness `n'. The reason for the different magnetic structures is shown to be the varying potential barrier across the interface, which controls

F. Walter, E. Brinks, W. J. G. de Blok, F. Bigiel

We present &#34;The HI Nearby Galaxy Survey (THINGS)&#34;, a high spectral (<=5.2 km/s) and spatial (~6&#34;) resolution survey of HI emission in 34 nearby galaxies obtained using the NRAO Very Large Array (VLA). The overarching scientific goal of THINGS is to investigate fundamental characteristics of the interstellar medium (ISM) related to galaxy morpholo

Elena Kulinskaya

Two-sided statistical tests and p-values are well defined only when the test statistic in question has a symmetric distribution. A new two-sided p-value called conditional p-value $P_C$ is introduced here. It is closely related to the doubled p-value and has an intuitive appeal. Its use is advocated for both continuous and discrete distributions. An importan

Elisabeth Gassiat, Benoit Landelle, Eric Moulines

In this paper, the forgetting of the initial distribution for a non-ergodic Hidden Markov Models (HMM) is studied. A new set of conditions is proposed to establish the forgetting property of the filter, which significantly extends all the existing results. Both a pathwise-type convergence of the total variation distance of the filter started from two differe

Se-Heon Oh, W. J. G. de Blok, Fabian Walter, Elias Brinks

We present a new method to remove the impact of random and small-scale non-circular motions from HI velocity fields in galaxies in order to better constrain the dark matter properties for these objects. This method extracts the circularly rotating velocity components from the HI data cube and condenses them into a so-called bulk velocity field. We derive hig

Dirar Homouz, Loren Stagg, Pernilla Wittung-Stafshede, Margaret S. Cheung

Protein dynamics in cells may be different from that in dilute solutions in vitro since the environment in cells is highly concentrated with other macromolecules. This volume exclusion due to macromolecular crowding is predicted to affect both equilibrium and kinetic processes involving protein conformational changes. To quantify macromolecular crowding effe

Marcin Dumnicki

We prove that the linear system of hypersurfaces in P^3 of degree d, 14 <= d <= 40, with double, triple and quadruple points in general position are non-special. This solves the cases that have not been completed in a paper by E. Ballico and M.C. Brambilla.

L. Verozub, A. Kochetov

Proceeded from the gravitation equations proposed by one of authors it was argued in a previous paper that there can exist supermassive compact configurations of degenerated Fermi-gas without events horizon. In the present paper we consider the stability of these objects by method like the one used in the theory of stellar structure. It is shown that the con

Francisco Delgado

Ising interaction between qubits could produce distortion in entangled pairs generated for engineering purposes (as in quantum computation) in presence of parasite magnetic fields, destroying or altering the expected behavior of process in which is projected to be used. Quantum control could be used to correct that situation in several ways. Sometimes the us

K. S. Virbhadra

We model massive dark objects at centers of many galaxies as Schwarzschild black hole lenses and study gravitational lensing by them in detail. We show that the ratio of mass of a Schwarzschild lens to the differential time delay between outermost two relativistic images (both of them either on the primary or on the secondary image side) is extremely insensi

P. Kielanowski, S. R. Juarez W., J. H. Montes de Oca Y.

We derive the one loop renormalization group equations for the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix for the Standard Model, its two Higgs extension and the minimal supersymmetric extension in a novel way. The derived equations depend only on a subset of the model parameters of the renormalization group equations for the quark Yukawa couplings so the CKM matrix e

Salvatore Galluccio, Fedele Lizzi, Patrizia Vitale

We present a comparison of the noncommutative field theories built using two different star products: Moyal and Wick-Voros (or normally ordered). For the latter we discuss both the classical and the quantum field theory in the quartic potential case, and calculate the Green&#39;s functions up to one loop, for the two and four points cases. We compare the two

A. Aziz, O. P. Wessely, M. Ali, D. M. Edwards

The field of spin electronics (spintronics) was initiated by the discovery of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) for which Fert[1] and Grunberg[2] were awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize for Physics. GMR arises from differential scattering of the majority and minority spin electrons by a ferromagnet (FM) so that the resistance when the FM layers separated by non-magnet

Dimitrios A. Gouliermis

The Magellanic Clouds offer a unique variety of star forming regions seen as bright nebulae of ionized gas, related to bright young stellar associations. Nowadays, observations with the high resolving efficiency of the Hubble Space Telescope allow the detection of the faintest infant stars, and a more complete picture of clustered star formation in our dwarf

Alain Connes

We introduce an invariant of Riemannian geometry which measures the relative position of two von Neumann algebras in Hilbert space, and which, when combined with the spectrum of the Dirac operator, gives a complete invariant of Riemannian geometry. We show that the new invariant plays the same role with respect to the spectral invariant as the Cabibbo--Kobay

D. I. Karasev, A. A. Lutovinov, R. A. Burenin

We continue to study the fast X-ray transient XTE J1901+014 discovered in 2002 by the RXTE observatory, whose nature has not yet been established. Based on the XMM-Newton observations of the source in 2006, we have obtained its energy spectrum, light curves, and power spectrum in the energy range 0.5-12 keV, which are in good agreement with our results obtai

Alain Connes

We show that the first five of the axioms we had formulated on spectral triples suffice (in a slightly stronger form) to characterize the spectral triples associated to smooth compact manifolds. The algebra, which is assumed to be commutative, is shown to be isomorphic to the algebra of all smooth functions on a unique smooth oriented compact manifold, while

P. R. Crompton

The Lee-Yang theorem for the zeroes of the partition function is not strictly applicable to quantum systems because the zeroes are defined in units of the fugacity $e^{hΔτ}$, and the Euclidean-time lattice spacing $Δτ$ can be divergent in the infrared (IR). We recently presented analytic arguments describing how a new space-Euclidean time zeroes expansion ca

Michael K. -H. Kiessling

In this note we make a very elementary technical observation to the effect that Ruelle&#39;s construction of the thermodynamic limit of the classical entropy density defined with a regularized microcanonical measure actually establishes the thermodynamic limit for the entropy density defined with the proper microcanonical measure. At this stage a key formula

P. R. Crompton

We derive a lattice $β$-function for the 2d-Antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model, which allows the lattice interaction couplings of the nonperturbative Quantum Monte Carlo vacuum to be related directly to the zero-temperature fixed points of the nonlinear sigma model in the presence of strong interplanar and spin anisotropies. In addition to the usual renormal

I. P. Lokhtin, L. V. Malinina, S. V. Petrushanko, A. M. Snigirev

The recent developments on PYQUEN, HYDJET and HYDJET++ event generators are presented. The partonic energy loss model PYQUEN is implemented as the modification of the &#34;standard&#34; jet event obtained with the generator of hadron-hadron interactions PYTHIA. HYDJET and HYDJET++ are the Monte-Carlo event generators for the simulation of relativistic heavy

Y. Peters

In both Supersymmetry and in generic Two Higgs Doublet models (2HDM), the charged Higgs boson $H^+- exhibits a unique phenomenological signature. We report on a search for charged Higgs bosons, performed using 0.9 fb^-1 of data collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron ppbar collider with a center-of-mass energy of \sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV. No evidenc

S. Jaeger, Th. Pierre

The low-frequency instability of a magnetized plasma column and the anomalous radial plasma convection are shown to be linked with the existence of a radial cross-field current along a plasma channel rotating around the central magnetized plasma. The direct observation of the rotating plasma is obtained using an ultra-fast intensified camera. The ionizing el

Itzhak Bars

The familiar Fock space commonly used to describe the relativistic harmonic oscillator, for example as part of string theory, is insufficient to describe all the states of the relativistic oscillator. We find that there are three different vacua leading to three disconnected Fock sectors, all constructed with the same creation-annihilation operators. These h

Y. Peters

In 1995, the top quark was discovered at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider by the CDF and D0 collaborations in the ppbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV using about 50pb^-1 of data per experiment. We present the studies of the top quark properties based on 1fb^-1 of data collected by the D0 experiment at a center of mass energy of 1.96TeV. The increased statistic

Kai Kang, Shaojing Qin, Chuilin Wang

In order to clarify the relationship between the phonon spectra of nanoparticles and their melting temperature, we studied in detail the size-dependent low energy vibration modes. A minimum model with atoms on a lattice and harmonic potentials for neighboring atoms is used to reveal a general behavior. By calculating the phonon spectra for a series of nanopa

A. Yu. Artsukevich, M. A. Vasiliev

We analyze the pattern of fields in d+1 dimensional anti-de Sitter space in terms of those in d dimensional anti-de Sitter space. The procedure, which is neither dimensional reduction nor dimensional compactification, is called dimensional degression. The analysis is performed group-theoretically for all totally symmetric bosonic and fermionic representation

Rolf J. Ryham

We study the equations of a two dimensional incompressible Newtonian fluid coupled with a dispersive parabolic-elliptic system on bounded domains. Global in time weak solutions are shown to exist and converge with a rate to the stationary solution for L^2 initial data. This paper extends and improves on a body of work surrounding the Debye-Huckel system to t

Chunxi Li, Changjia Chen

Initial offset placement in p2p streaming systems is studied in this paper. Proportional placement (PP) scheme is proposed. In this scheme, peer places the initial offset as the offset reported by other reference peer with a shift proportional to the buffer width or offset lag of this reference peer. This will introduce a stable placement that supports large

Daniel Hirschkoff, Damien Pous

We provide a characterisation of strong bisimilarity in a fragment of CCS that contains only prefix, parallel composition, synchronisation and a limited form of replication. The characterisation is not an axiomatisation, but is instead presented as a rewriting system. We discuss how our method allows us to derive a new congruence result in the $π$-calculus:

I. E. Bulyzhenkov

Nullification of the Einstein tensor curvature for the elementary material space with active gravitational field (radial source) and passive field distribution of its inertial particle (radial sink) maintains the conceptual equivalence of collinear active and passive energy-momentum densities of the nonlocal energy-matter carrier in General Relativity (GR).

Yiftach Barnea, Mikhail Ershov, Thomas Weigel

In this paper we initiate a systematic study of the abstract commensurators of profinite groups. The abstract commensurator of a profinite group $G$ is a group $Comm(G)$ which depends only on the commensurability class of $G$. We study various properties of $Comm(G)$; in particular, we find two natural ways to turn it into a topological group. We also use $C

The CDF Collaboration, T. Aaltonen

A search for high-mass resonances in the $e^+e^-$ final state is presented based on 2.5 fb$^{-1}$ of $\sqrt{s}=$1.96 TeV $p\bar{p}$ collision data from the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The largest excess over the standard model prediction is at an $e^+e^-$ invariant mass of 240 GeV/$c^2$. The probability of observing such an excess arising from

Christine M. Escher, S. K. Ultman

We calculate the cohomology rings of a collection of seven dimensional manifolds supporting an S^3 x S^3-action with one dimensional orbit space. These manifolds are of interest to differential geometers studying non-negative and positive sectional curvature. From this collection, we identify several families of manifolds for which there exist well-known top

Lan Hua, Ronen Zangi, B. J. Berne

We study by molecular dynamics simulations the wetting/dewetting transition and the dependence of the free energy on distance between plates that contain both hydrophobic and hydrophilic particles. We show that dewetting and strength of hydrophobic interaction is very sensitive to the distribution of hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains. In particular, we fin

David A. Herrera-Martí

This thesis will be focused on the classical capacity of quantum channels, one of the first areas treated by quantum information theorists. The problem is fairly solved since some years. Nevertheless, this work will give me a reason to introduce a consistent formalism of the quantum theory, as well as to review fundamental facts about quantum non-locality an

Chris M Graham, Ian G Moss

Thermal field theory is applied to particle production rates in inflationary models, leading to new results for catalysed, or two-stage decay, where massive fields act as decay channels for the production of light fields. A numerical investigation of the Bolztmann equation in an expanding universe shows that the particle distributions produced during small a

Viktor Bekkert, Yuriy Drozd, Vyacheslav Futorny

We consider the dual space of linear groups over Dynkinian and Euclidean algebras, i.e. finite dimensional algebras derived equivalent to the path algebra of Dynkin or Euclidean quiver. We prove that this space contains an open dense subset isomorphic to the product of dual spaces of full linear groups and, perhaps, one more (explicitly described) space. The

R. Abbasi

On 13 December 2006 the IceTop air shower array at the South Pole detected a major solar particle event. By numerically simulating the response of the IceTop tanks, which are thick Cherenkov detectors with multiple thresholds deployed at high altitude with no geomagnetic cut-off, we determined the particle energy spectrum in the energy range 0.6 to 7.6 GeV.

J. A. Caballero, S. Gonzalez Sanchez, I. Caballero

What do Brian May (the Queen&#39;s lead guitarist), William Herschel and the Jupiter Symphony have in common? And a white dwarf, a piano and Lagartija Nick? At first glance, there is no connection between them, nor between Music and Astronomy. However, there are many revealing examples of musical Astronomy and astronomical Music. This four-page proceeding de

N. G. Parker, C. Ticknor, A. M. Martin, D. H. J. O&#39;Dell

We investigate the collapse of a trapped dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate. This is performed by numerical simulations of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and the novel application of the Thomas-Fermi hydrodynamic equations to collapse. We observe regimes of both global collapse, where the system evolves to a highly elongated or flattened state depending on the

Fritz Grunewald, Andrei Jaikin-Zapirain, Aline G. S. Pinto, Pavel A. Zalesski

We initiate the study of profinite groups of non-negative deficiency. The principal focus of the paper is to show that the existence of a finitely generated normal subgroup of infinite index in a profinite group $G$ of non-negative deficiency gives rather strong consequences for the structure of $G$. To make this precise we introduce the notion of $p$-defici

Konstantin Belotsky, Maxim Khlopov, Chris Kouvaris

We analyze the effects of capture of dark matter (DM) particles, with successive annihilations, predicted in the minimal walking technicolor model (MWT) by the Sun and the Earth. We show that the Super-Kamiokande (SK) upper limit on excessive muon flux disfavors the mass interval between 100-200 GeV for MWT DM with a suppressed Standard Model interaction (du

Gregor Fels, Wilhelm Kaup

For every CR-manifold germ (M,a) local tube realizations are characterized by certain abelian subalgebras of the real Lie algebra hol(M,a) of all germs of (real-analytic) infinitesimal transformations. For instance, if M is holomorphically non-degenerate, every such subalgebra is maximal abelian and the classification of all local tube realizations for (M,a)

X. L. Lei

Microwave-induced nonlinear magnetoresistance in a dc-driven two-dimensional electron system is examined using a multi-photon-assisted transport scheme direct controlled by the current. It is shown that near the 2nd subharmonic of the cyclotron resonance, the frequency of the resistivity oscillation with the magnetic-field-normalized current-density is doubl

Bo Ma, Xiang-Dong Li

The bifurcation period in low-mass X-ray binaries is the initial orbital pe- riod which separates the formation of converging systems (which evolve with decreasing orbital periods until the donor becomes degenerate) from the diverging systems (which evolve with increasing orbital periods until the donor star loses its envelope and a wide detached binary is f

M. Kreuzer, R. C. Rashkov, M. Schimpf

The non-linear nature of string theory on non-trivial backgrounds related to the AdS/CFT correspondence suggests to look for simplifications. Two such simplifications proved to be useful in studying string theory. These are the pp-wave limit which describes point-like strings and the so called &#34;near flat space&#34; limit which connects two different sect

H. Miraghaei, M. Nouri-Zonoz

Recently it has been shown that despite previous claims the cosmological constant affects light bending. In the present article we study light bending and the advance of Mercury&#39;s perihelion in the context of the Newtonian limit of Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime employing the special relativistic equivalence of mass and energy. In both cases, up to a

Hideyuki Miura, Tai-Peng Tsai

This article characterizes the singularities of very weak solutions of 3D stationary Navier-Stokes equations in a punctured ball which are sufficiently small in weak $L^3$.

Hao Wu, Z. C. Tu

Shapes of planar lipid monolayer domains at the air-water interface are theoretically and numerically investigated by minimizing the formation energy of the domains which consist of the surface energy, line tension energy, and dipole electrostatic energy. The shape equation which describes boundary curves of the domains at equilibrium state is derived from t

Du Jiaxin, Ke Hongwei, Xu Mingmei, Liu Lianshou

The possible experimentally observable signal in momentum space for the critical point, which is free from the contamination of statistical fluctuations, is discussed. It is shown that the higher order scaled moment of transverse momentum can serve as an appropriate signal for this point, provided the transverse momentum distribution has a sudden change when

Paul M. Chesler, Kristan Jensen, Andreas Karch, Laurence G. Yaffe

We compute the penetration depth of a light quark moving through a large $N_c$, strongly coupled $\mathcal N = 4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills plasma using gauge/gravity duality and a combination of analytic and numerical techniques. We find that the maximum distance a quark with energy $E$ can travel through a plasma is given by $Δx(E) = (\mathcal C/T) (E/T \s

Sergey Bravyi, Barbara Terhal

We study properties of stabilizer codes that permit a local description on a regular D-dimensional lattice. Specifically, we assume that the stabilizer group of a code (the gauge group for subsystem codes) can be generated by local Pauli operators such that the support of any generator is bounded by a hypercube of constant size. Our first result concerns the

J. M. Pruneda, Ivo Souza

The time evolution of wavepackets in crystals in the presence of a homogeneous electric field is formulated in k-space in a numerically tractable form. The dynamics is governed by separate equations for the motion of the waveform in k-space and for the evolution of the underlying Bloch-like states. A one-dimensional tight-binding model is studied numerically

Sandro E. Schoenborn, Stefan Goedecker, Shantanu Roy, Artem R. Oganov

We compare Evolutionary Algorithms with Minima Hopping for global optimization in the field of cluster structure prediction. We introduce a new {\em average offspring} recombination operator and compare it with previously used operators. Minima Hopping is improved with a {\em softening} method and a stronger feedback mechanism. Test systems are atomic cluste

Maria Pavlovskaia

We examine various properties of the continued fraction expansions of matrix eigenvector slopes of matrices from the SL(2, Z) group. We calculate the average period length, maximum period length, average period sum, maximum period sum and the distributions of 1s 2s and 3s in the periods versus the radius of the Ball within which the matrices are located. We

Noga Alon, Nicholas Wormald

We show that any finite simple graph with minimum degree $d$ contains a spanning star forest in which every connected component is of size at least $Ω((d/\log d)^{1/3})$. This settles a problem of J. Kratochvil.

Kuo Bao, Stefan Goedecker, Kenji Koga, Frederic Lancon

The energetic ground state of gold clusters with up to 314 atoms consists of rather complicated geometries that have only a weak resemblance to the perfect icosahedra, decahedra and octahedra that are encountered for some magic numbers. The structure changes in most cases completely by the addition of a single atom. Other low energy structures are so close i

Changyou Wang

For a $n$-dimensional spin manifold $M$ with a fixed spin structure and a spinor bundle $ΣM$, we prove an $ε$-regularity theorem for weak solutions to the nonlinear Dirac equation of cubic nonlinearity. This, in particular, answers a regularity question raised by Chen-Jost-Wang when $n=2$.

R. Van Kooten

Recent experimental results on the spectroscopy of B hadrons are presented. The focus is primarily on the heavier states currently accessible only at the Tevatron and the B factories running at the Upsilon(5S) resonance, i.e., Bs*, the L = 1 orbitally excited states B** and $Bs**, and the new b-baryon states Sigma(*)_b, Xi_b, and Omega_b.

Martin Andersson

We study ergodic properties of partially hyperbolic systems whose central direction is mostly contracting. Earlier work of Bonatti, Viana about existence and finitude of physical measures is extended to the case of local diffeomorphisms. Moreover, we prove that such systems constitute a C^2-open set in which statistical stability is a dense property. In cont

Joel Means, Winfried Teizer

We explore the electronic interactions between a thin gold film and a surface layer of the molecular magnet Mn_12-acetate. Magnetoresistance measurements of the gold allow characterization of the interactions by comparison with the theoretical predictions of weak localization. We find that the presence of Mn_12-acetate on the surface of the gold film leads t

Hamed Owladeghaffari, Witold Pedrycz, Mostafa Sharifzadeh

In this study, we reproduce two new hybrid intelligent systems, involve three prominent intelligent computing and approximate reasoning methods: Self Organizing feature Map (SOM), Neruo-Fuzzy Inference System and Rough Set Theory (RST),called SONFIS and SORST. We show how our algorithms can be construed as a linkage of government-society interactions, where

A. Pipino, J. Silk, F. Matteucci

The overabundance of Mg relative to Fe, observed in the nuclei of bright ellipticals, and its increase with galactic mass, poses a serious problem for all current models of galaxy formation. Here we improve on the one-zone chemical evolution models for elliptical galaxies by taking into account positive feedback produced in the early stages of super-massive

Swadesh M. Mahajan, Nana L. Shatashvili

By investigating the nonlinear propagation of high intensity electromagnetic (EM) waves in a pair ion plasma, whose symmetry is broken via contamination by a small fraction of high mass immobile ions, it is shown that this new and interesting state of (laboratory created) matter is capable of supporting structures that strongly localize and bunch the EM radi

Degang Zhang, C. S. Ting

We have studied tunneling-mediated local density of states (LDOS) of the surface layer of a bilayer cuprate, where a Zn impurity is located on the second Cu-O layer. When the tunneling strength between two Cu-O layers is larger than a critical value, the LDOS on the site just above the Zn impurity first exhibits a resonant peak near the Fermi surface. The la

Andrew J. Goodall, Steven D. Noble

We prove that the problem of counting the number of colourings of the vertices of a graph with at most two colours, such that the colour classes induce connected subgraphs is #P-complete. We also show that the closely related problem of counting the number of cocircuits of a graph is #P-complete.

K. -Y. Choi, D. Wulferding, P. Lemmens, N. Ni

We report inelastic light scattering experiments on CaFe_2As_2 in the temperature range of 4 to 290 K. In in-plane polarizations two Raman-active phonon modes are observed at 189 and 211 cm-1, displaying A_1g and B_1g symmetries, respectively. Upon heating through the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic transition at about T_S=173 K, the B_1g phonon undergoes a disco

Jacqueline Chen

The amount of mass in small, dark matter clumps within galaxies (substructure) is an important test of cold dark matter. One approach to measuring the substructure mass fraction is to analyze the fluxes of images that have been strongly lensed by a galaxy. Flux ratios between images that are anomalous with respect to smooth (no substructure) models have prev

K. Masui, K. Mitsuda, N. Y. Yamasaki, Y. Takei

Although about 40% of the soft X-ray background emission in 0.4 to 1 keV range has extragalactic origins and thus is totally blocked by the Galactic absorption in midplane directions, it decreases at most by about 20 % in midplane. Suzaku observation of the direction, (l, b) = (235, 0), showed an OVII Kalpha emission intensity comparable with that of the MBM

Jose A. Caballero

This proceeding summarises the talk of the awardee of the Spanish Astronomical Society award to the the best Spanish thesis in Astronomy and Astrophysics in the two-year period 2006-2007. The thesis required a tremendous observational effort and covered many different topics related to brown dwarfs and exoplanets, such as the study of the mass function in th

S. Mathur, J. Ballot, A Eff-Darwich, R. A. Garcia

The detection of the signature of dipole gravity modes has opened the path to study the solar inner radiative zone. Indeed, g modes should be the best probes to infer the properties of the solar nuclear core that represents more than half of the total mass of the Sun. Concerning the dynamics of the solar core, we can study how future observations of individu

J. A. Caballero, F. X. Miret, J. Genebriera, T. Tobal

The Aladin sky atlas of the Virtual Observatory has shown to be a powerful and easy-handling tool for the discovery, confirmation, and characterisation of high proper-motion, multiple stellar systems of large separation in the solar vicinity. Some of these systems have very low mass components (at the star/brown dwarf boundary) and are amongst the least boun

Jose A. Caballero

The young sigma Orionis cluster in the Orion Belt is an incomparable site for studying the formation and evolution of high-mass, solar-like, and low-mass stars, brown dwarfs, and substellar objects below the deuterium burning mass limit. The first version of the Mayrit catalogue was a thorough data compilation of cluster members and candidates, which is regu

Pei-Lin You, Xiang-You Huang

Quantum mechanics thinks that atoms do not have permanent electric dipole moment (EDM) because of their spherical symmetry. Therefore, there is no polar atom in nature except for polar molecules. The electric susceptibility Xe caused by the orientation of polar substances is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature T while the induced susceptibilit