March 2009 arXiv papers — page 11

Dorel Fetcu

We classify the biharmonic non-Legendre curves in a Sasakian space form for which the angle between the tangent vector field and the characteristic vector field is constant and obtain explicit examples of such curves in $\mathbb{R}^{2n+1}(-3)$.

Ilse Fischer

We provide a simplified proof of our operator formula for the number of monotone triangles with prescribed bottom row, which enables us to deduce three generalizations of the formula. One of the generalizations concerns a certain weighted enumeration of monotone triangles which specializes to the weighted enumeration of alternating sign matrices with respect

Marco Sabatini

We give a shorter proof to a recent result by Neuberger, in the real case. Our result is essentially an application of the global asymptotic stability Jacobian Conjecture. We also extend some of the results presented in Neuberger.

Agnieszka Kalamajska, Katarzyna Pietruska-Paluba

Let M be an N-function satisfying the $Δ_2$- condition, let $ω, \vp$ be two other functions, $ω\ge 0$. We study Hardy-type inequalities \[ \int_{\rp} M(ω(x)|u(x)|) {\rm exp}(-\vp (x))dx \le C\int_{\rp} M(|u'(x)|) {\rm exp}(-\vp (x))dx, \] where $u$ belongs to some dilation invariant set ${\cal R}$ contained in the space of locally absolutely continuous f

J. A. Gracey

We compute a variety of operator-operator correlation functions to third order in the MSbar scheme in the chiral limit. These include combinations of quark bilinear currents with gauge invariant operators such as moments n = 2 and 3 of the flavour non-singlet Wilson operators of deep inelastic scattering and moment n = 2 of the transversity operator, as well

J. Marvin Herndon

Understanding the nature of the matter comprising the Solar System is crucial for understanding the mechanism that generates the Earth's geomagnetic field and the magnetic fields of other planets and satellites. The commonality in the Solar System of matter like that of the inside of the Earth, together with common nuclear reactor operating conditions,fo

P. Čížek, W. Härdle, V. Spokoiny

This paper offers a new method for estimation and forecasting of the volatility of financial time series when the stationarity assumption is violated. Our general local parametric approach particularly applies to general varying-coefficient parametric models, such as GARCH, whose coefficients may arbitrarily vary with time. Global parametric, smooth transiti

Giulio Ferrari, Guido Goldoni, Andrea Bertoni, Giampaolo Cuoghi

We study the electronic states of core multi-shell semiconductor nanowires, including the effect of strong magnetic fields. We show that the multi-shell overgrowth of a free-standing nanowire, together with the prismatic symmetry of the substrate, may induce quantum confinement of carriers in a set of quasi-1D quantum channels corresponding to the nanowire e

Xiaopeng Chen, Jinqiao Duan

Decomposition of state spaces into dynamically different components is helpful for the understanding of dynamical behaviors of complex systems. A Conley type decomposition theorem is proved for nonautonomous dynamical systems defined on a non-compact but separable state space. Namely, the state space can be decomposed into a chain recurrent part and a gradie

Alexander Stroeer, John K. Cannizzo, Jordan B. Camp, Nicolas Gagarin

The Hilbert-Huang Transform is a novel, adaptive approach to time series analysis that does not make assumptions about the data form. Its adaptive, local character allows the decomposition of non-stationary signals with hightime-frequency resolution but also renders it susceptible to degradation from noise. We show that complementing the HHT with techniques

Yury A. Kutoyants

We consider the problem of parameter estimation by observations of inhomogeneous Poisson process. It is well-known that if the regularity conditions are fulfilled then the maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimators are consistent, asymptotically normal and asymptotically efficient. These regularity conditions can be roughly presented as follows: a) the inten

Yury A. Kutoyants

We consider the goodness of fit testing problem for stochastic differential equation with small diffiusion coefficient. The basic hypothesis is always simple and it is described by the known trend coefficient. We propose several tests of the type of Cramer-von Mises, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Chi-Square. The power functions of these tests we study for a special

Ernesto Girondo, Gabino Gonzalez-Diez, Enrique Gonzalez-Jimenez, Rasa Steuding

Given any positive integer n, we prove the existence of infinitely many right triangles with area n and side lengths in certain number fields. This generalizes the famous congruent number problem. The proof allows the explicit construction of these triangles; for this purpose we find for any positive integer n an explicit cubic number field Q(λ) (depending o

Yu Wang

We present a new formulation of the correlated electron-ion dynamics (CEID) by using equations of motion for nonequilibrium Green's functions, which generalizes CEID to a general nonequilibrium statistical ensemble that allows for a variable total number of electrons. We make a rigorous connection between CEID and diagrammatic perturbation theory, which

Yuri Burago, Nikolay Kosovskiy

In the paper, the basic results on boundary trace of the book "Sobolev spaces" by V. Maz'ya are generalized to a wider class of regions. In the book, boundary trace of BV-functions is defined for regions with finite perimeter and the main results were obtained under the assumption that normals in the sense of Federer exist almost everywhere on th

Ken-ichi Maruyama

The semigroup of the homotopy classes of the self-homotopy maps of a finite complex which induce the trivial homomorphism on homotopy groups is nilpotent. We determine the nilpotency of these semigroups of compact Lie groups and finite Hopf spaces of rank 2. We also study the nilpotency of semigroups for Lie groups of higher rank. Especially, we give Lie gro

Robert Roth

We introduce an iterative importance truncation scheme which aims at reducing the dimension of the model space of configuration interaction approaches by an a priori selection of the physically most relevant basis states. Using an importance measure derived from multiconfigurational perturbation theory in combination with an importance threshold, we construc

J. R. Gomez, A. Kh. Khudoyberdiyev, B. A. Omirov

In this paper we investigate the description of the complex Leibniz superalgebras with nilindex n+m, where n and m ($m\neq 0$) are dimensions of even and odd parts, respectively. In fact, such superalgebras with characteristic sequence equal to $(n_1, ..., n_k | m_1, ..., m_s)$ (where $n_1+... +n_k=n, m_1+ ... + m_s=m$) for $n_1\geq n-1$ and $(n_1, ..., n_k

Emory F. Bunn

Skeptics of biological evolution often claim that evolution requires a decrease in entropy, giving rise to a conflict with the second law of thermodynamics. This argument is fallacious because it neglects the large increase in entropy provided by sunlight striking the Earth. A recent article provided a quantitative assessment of the entropies involved and sh

Nitu Kitchloo, W Stephen Wilson

We consider real spectra, collections of Z/(2)-spaces indexed over Z oplus Z alpha with compatibility conditions. We produce fibrations connecting the homotopy fixed points and the spaces in these spectra. We also evaluate the map which is the analogue of the forgetful functor from complex to reals composed with complexification. Our first fibration is used

D. Sokolovski*, I. Puerto Gimenez, R. Sala Mayato

The three-box problem is analysed in terms of virtual pathways, interference between which is destroyed by a number of intermediate measurements. The Aharonov-Bergmann-Lebowitz (ABL) rule is shown to be a particular case of Feynman's recipe for assigning probabilities to exclusive alternatives. The 'paradoxical' features of the three box case ari

P. Lorén-Aguilar, J. Isern, E. García-Berro

We present the results of a set of high-resolution simulations of the merging process of two white dwarfs. In order to do so, we use an up-to-date Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics code which incorporates very detailed input physics and an improved treatment of the artificial viscosity. Our simulations have been done using a large number of particles (4x10^5)

F. Chevallier, O. Kepka, C. Marquet, C. Royon

We investigate diffractive events in hadron-hadron collisions, in which two jets are produced and separated by a large rapidity gap. In perturbative QCD, the hard color-singlet object exchanged in the t-channel, and responsible for the rapidity gap, is the Balitsky-Fadin-Kuraev-Lipatov (BFKL) Pomeron. We perform a phenomenological study including the correct

Yasuhiko Kamiyama

Let RX_{k,n}^l be the space consisting of all (n+1)-tuples (p_0(z),...,p_n(z)) of monic polynomials over R of degree k and such that there are at most l roots common to all p_i(z). In this paper, we prove a stable splitting of RX_{k,n}^l.

Mahdi Lotfinezhad, Ben Liang, Elvino S. Sousa

It is well known that for ergodic channel processes the Generalized Max-Weight Matching (GMWM) scheduling policy stabilizes the network for any supportable arrival rate vector within the network capacity region. This policy, however, often requires the solution of an NP-hard optimization problem. This has motivated many researchers to develop sub-optimal alg

Ali Goker

We investigate electron transport through a diatomic molecule parallelly coupled to infinite source and drain contacts. We utilize a model Hamiltonian involving a Hubbard term in which the contacts are modeled using recently developed complex source and sink potentials. The zero bias transmission spectrum for a symmetrically coupled system as a function of t

Masaki Kameko, Mamoru Mimura

We show that the Rothenberg--Steenrod spectral sequence converging to the mod 3 cohomology of the classifying space of the exceptional Lie group E_8 does not collapse at the E_2-level.

Christiane Frigerio Martins

The standard framework within which cosmological measurements are confronted and interpreted nowadays, called Lambda Cold Dark Matter, presents a Universe dominated by unknown forms of energy and matter. My Thesis is devoted to investigate the distribution of dark matter in galaxies and addresses the fact that the local universe-the small objects that orbit

Kenshi Ishiguro

We consider a problem on the conditions of a compact Lie group G that the loop space of the p-completed classifying space be a p-compact group for a set of primes. In particular, we discuss the classifying spaces BG that are p-compact for all primes when the groups are certain subgroups of simple Lie groups. A survey of the p-compactness of BG for a single p

W. M. Tscharnuter, J. Schönke, H. -P. Gail, E. Lüttjohann

We present some important conclusions from recent calculations pertaining to the collapse of rotating molecular cloud cores with axial symmetry, corresponding to evolution of young stellar objects through classes 0 and begin of class I. Three main issues have been addressed: (1) The typical timescale for building up a preplanetary disk - once more it turned

Swagato K Ray, Rudra P Sarkar

We obtain results related to boundedness of the growth of Fourier transform by the modulus of continuity on Damek-Ricci spaces. For noncompact riemannian symmetric spaces of rank one, analogues of all the results follow the same way.

Raymond Hemmecke, Shmuel Onn, Robert Weismantel

Inspired by a paper of R. W. Rosenthal, we investigate generalized Nash-equilibria of integer programming games. We show that generalized Nash-equilibria always exist and are related to an optimal solution of a so-called N-fold integer program. This link allows us to establish some polynomial time complexity results about solving this optimization problem an

Arun Kumar Pati

Entanglement is one of the key feature of quantum world that has no classical counterpart. This arises due to the linear superposition principle and the tensor product structure of the Hilbert space when we deal with multiparticle systems. In this paper, we will introduce the notion of entanglement for quantum systems that are governed by non-Hermitian yet P

Manuel Valiente, David Petrosyan

We present a complete derivation of two-particle states of the one-dimensional extended Hubbard model involving attractive or repulsive on-site and nearest-neighbour interactions. We find that this system possesses scattering resonances and two families of energy-dependent interaction-bound states which are not present in the Hubbard model with the on-site i

Alexander Maloney, Wei Song, Andrew Strominger

We show that the linearization of all exact solutions of classical chiral gravity around the AdS3 vacuum have positive energy. Non-chiral and negative-energy solutions of the linearized equations are infrared divergent at second order, and so are removed from the spectrum. In other words, chirality is confined and the equations of motion have linearization i

Ying Fan, Zhi-Guo He, Yan-Qing Ma, Kuang-Ta Chao

The inclusive light hadronic decays of 1D_2 heavy quarkonia are studied within the framework of NRQCD at the leading order in $v$ and up to the order of $α_s^3$. With one-loop QCD corrections, the infrared divergences and Coulomb singularities in the decay amplitudes are proved to be absorbed by the renormalization of the matrix elements of corresponding NRQ

Peter Keevash, Benny Sudakov

A graph G on n vertices is Hamiltonian if it contains a cycle of length n and pancyclic if it contains cycles of length $\ell$ for all $3 \le \ell \le n$. Write $α(G)$ for the independence number of $G$, i.e. the size of the largest subset of the vertex set that does not contain an edge, and $κ(G)$ for the (vertex) connectivity, i.e. the size of the smallest

Lucia Canova, Jozef Strecka, Tomas Lucivjansky

The geometric frustration in a class of the mixed spin-1/2 and spin-S Ising-Heisenberg diamond chains is investigated by combining three exact analytical techniques: Kambe projection method, decoration-iteration transformation and transfer-matrix method. The ground state, the magnetization process and the specific heat as a function of the external magnetic

G. Morlino, P. Blasi, E. Amato

The supernova paradigm for the origin of galactic cosmic rays can be tested using multifrequency observations of both non-thermal and thermal emission from supernova remnants. The smoking gun of hadronic acceleration in these sources can, however, only be provided by the detection of a high energy neutrino signal. Here we apply the theory of non-linear parti

R. Burioni, F. Corberi, A. Vezzani

We study the phase-ordering kinetics of the one-dimensional Heisenberg model with conserved order parameter, by means of scaling arguments and numerical simulations. We find a rich dynamical pattern with a regime characterized by two distinct growing lengths. Spins are found to be coplanar over regions of a typical size $L_V(t)$, while inside these regions s

Marcus N. Bannerman, Leo Lue

The static and dynamic properties of binary mixtures of hard spheres with a diameter ratio of $σ_B/σ_A=0.1$ and a mass ratio of $m_B/m_A=0.001$ are investigated using event driven molecular dynamics. The contact value of the pair correlation functions are found to compare favourably with recently proposed theoretical expressions. The transport coefficients o

Katharina Habermann, Lutz Habermann

The paper presents an evolutionary game-theoretic approach to open access publishing as an asymmetric game between scientists and publishers. We show how the ordinary differential equations of the model presented can be written as a system of Hamiltonian partial differential equations. The understanding of the setting as a Hamiltonian system implies some pro

Sergei Sergeenkov

By introducing a realistic model of nanogranular superconductors (NGS) based on 2D arrays of Josephson nanocontacts (created by a network of twin-boundary dislocations with strain fields acting as insulating barriers between hole-rich domains), in this Chapter we present some novel phenomena related to mechanical, magnetic, electric and transport properties

Mikhail Lemeshko, Bretislav Friedrich

We present the physics of the quantum Zeno effect, whose gist is often expressed by invoking the adage "a watched pot never boils". We review aspects of the theoretical and experimental work done on the effect since its inception in 1977, and mention some applications. We dedicate the article - with our very best wishes - to Rudolf Zahradnik at the o

Bingzhe Hou, Geng Tian, Luoyi Shi

In our another recent article, we introduce a new dynamical property for linear operators called norm-unimodality which implies distributional chaos. In the present paper, we'll give a further discussion of norm-unimodality. It is showed that norm-unimodality is similar invariant and the spectra of norm-unimodal operator is referred to. As an application

Ariane Lançon, Morgan Fouesneau

The integrated properties of young star clusters are subject to large cluster-to-cluster variations because they depend directly on small numbers of bright stars. At ages at which red supergiants are expected to exist, these luminous but rare stars can be blamed for most of the variations. If unresolved clusters are to be used to constrain red supergiant mod

S. Bernabei, V. Ripepi, A. Ruoppo, M. Marconi

CONTEXT: The study of pulsation in Pre--Main--Sequence intermediate-mass stars represents an important tool for deriving information on fundamental stellar parameters and internal structure, as well as for testing current theoretical models. Interest in this class of variable stars has significantly increased during the last decade and about 30 members are p

Bingzhe Hou, Gongfu Liao, Yang Cao

Let $λB_{p}$, where $λ$ is a nonzero complex number, denote a constant-weighted backward shift operators on $l^{p}$ for $1\leq p<\infty$. In this article, we investigate, in topologically conjugacy, the complete classification for $λB_{p}$.

Mikko Malinen

This paper deals with Fountain codes, and especially with their encoding matrices, which are required here to be invertible. A result is stated that an encoding matrix induces a permutation. Also, a result is that encoding matrices form a group with multiplication operation. An encoding is a transformation, which reduces the entropy of an initially high-entr

J. Molina-Vilaplana, H. Wichterich, V. E. Korepin, S. Bose

We study the feasibility of extracting a pure entangled state of non-complementary, and potentially well separated, regions of a quantum many-body system. It is shown that this can indeed be accomplished in non-equilibrium scenarios as well as the ground state of the considered spin chain models when one locally measures observables such as magnetization in

Markus Kuba

We study for $s\in\N=\{1,2,...\}$ the functions $ξ_{k}(s)=\frac{1}{Γ(s)}\int_{0}^{\infty}\frac{t^{s-1}}{e^t-1}\Li_{k}(1-e^{-t})dt$, and more generally $ξ_{k_1,...,k_r}(s)=\frac{1}{Γ(s)}\int_{0}^{\infty}\frac{t^{s-1}}{e^t-1}\Li_{k_1,...,k_r}(1-e^{-t})dt$, introduced by Arakawa and Kaneko \cite{Arakawa} and relate them with (finite) multiple zeta functions, pa

Michele Ceriotti, Giovanni Bussi, Michele Parrinello

We present a method, based on a non-Markovian Langevin equation, to include quantum corrections to the classical dynamics of ions in a quasi-harmonic system. By properly fitting the correlation function of the noise, one can vary the fluctuations in positions and momenta as a function of the vibrational frequency, and fit them so as to reproduce the quantum-

Yury A. Kutoyants

We consider the goodness of fit testing problem for ergodic diffusion processes. The basic hypothesis is supposed to be simple. The diffusion coefficient is known and the alternatives are described by the different trend coefficients. We study the asymptotic distribution of the Cramer-von Mises type tests based on the empirical distribution function and loca

Suchitra E. Sebastian, C. Morais Smith

This year&#39;s SCES has proved exciting in the array of unconventional phenomena discovered both in novel systems, and by the renewed investigation of age-old systems, arguably in the vicinity of QCPs. From heavy fermion systems, to cuprate superconductors, and in a new twist iron pnictide superconductors - some questions remain: just how similar or differe

Martin Greiter, Ronny Thomale

We propose a novel spin liquid state for a spin S=1 antiferromagnet in two dimensions. The ground state violates P and T, is a spin-singlet, and is fully invariant under the lattice symmetries. The spinon and holon excitations are deconfined and obey non-abelian statistics. We present preliminary numerical evidence that the universality class of this topolog

Jocelyne Troccaz

Medical robotics includes assistive devices used by the physician in order to make his/her diagnostic or therapeutic practices easier and more efficient. This chapter focuses on such systems. It introduces the general field of Computer-Assisted Medical Interventions, its aims, its different components and describes the place of robots in that context. The ev

K. Zhang, B. W. Jiang, A. Li

The mysterious 21micron emission feature seen in sixteen C-rich proto-planetary nebulae (PPNe) remains unidentified since its discovery in 1989. Over a dozen of materials are suggested as the carrier candidates. In this work we quantitatively investigate eight inorganic and one organic carrier candidates in terms of elemental abundance constraints, while pre

Donal F. Connon

New proofs of the duplication formulae for the gamma and the Barnes double gamma functions are derived using the Hurwitz zeta function. Concise derivations of Gauss&#39;s multiplication theorem for the gamma function and a corresponding one for the double gamma function are also reported. This paper also refers to some connections with the Stieltjes constant

D. S. Inosov, A. Leineweber, Xiaoping Yang, J. T. Park

We present x-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and neutron diffraction measurements on the slightly underdoped iron pnictide superconductor Ba(1-x)K(x)Fe2As2, Tc = 32K. Below the magnetic transition temperature Tm = 70K, both techniques show an additional broadening of the nuclear Bragg peaks, suggesting a weak structural phase transition. However, macroscopical

Marc Chardin, Dao Thanh Ha, Le Tuan Hoa

Bounds for the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of Ext modules, over a polynomial ring over a field, are given in terms of the initial degrees, Castelnuovo-Mumford regularities and number of generators of the two graded modules involved. These general bounds are refined in the case the second module is the ring. Other estimates, for instance on the size of gra

Harold Auradou

This article reviews the main features of the transport properties of single fractures. A particular attention paid to fractures in geological materials which often display a roughness covering a broad range of length scales. Because of the small distance separating the fracture walls, the surface roughness is a key parameter influencing the structure of the

E. G. Kukina, V. Roman&#39;kov

We describe the Reidemeister spectrum $Spec_RG$ for $G = N_{rc},$ the free nilpotent group of rank $r$ and class $c,$ in the cases: $r \in {\mathbb N}$ and $c = 1;$ $r = 2, 3$ and $c = 2;$ $ r = 2$ and $c = 3,$ and prove that any group $N_{2c}$ for $c \geq 4$ satisfies to the $R_{\infty}$ property. As a consequence we obtain that every free solvable group $S

G. Iannicola, M. Monelli, G. Bono, P. B. Stetson R. Buonanno

We present accurate new ultraviolet and optical BVI photometry for the Galactic globular cluster ngc2808, based on both ground-based and archival HST imagery. From this we have selected a sample of ~2,000 HB stars; given the extensive wavelength range considered and the combination of both high-angular-resolution and wide-field photometric coverage, our samp

Chinmay S. Vaze, Mahesh K. Varanasi

The problem of dirty paper coding (DPC) over the (multi-antenna) fading dirty paper channel (FDPC) Y = H(X + S) + Z is considered when there is imperfect knowledge of the channel state information H at the transmitter (CSIT). The case of FDPC with positive definite (p.d.) input covariance matrix was studied by the authors in a recent paper, and here the more

Sergei Sergeenkov, Giacomo Rotoli

By attributing a circulating Josephson current induced diamagnetic moment to a SQUID-type three-level qubit, a wireless connection between such qubits is proposed based only on dipole-dipole interaction between their moments. The estimates of the model parameters suggest quite an optimistic possibility to experimentally realize the suggested coupling scheme.

O. M. Kiselev

A periodic perturbation generates a complicated dynamics close to separatrices and saddle points. We construct an asymptotic solution which is close to the separatrix for the unperturbed Duffing&#39;s oscillator over a long time. This solution is defined by a separatrix map. This map is obtained for any order of the perturbation parameter. Properties of this

Arnaud Mussot, Alexandre Kudlinski, Mikhail I. Kolobov, Eric Louvergneaux

Freak waves, or rogue waves, are one of the fascinating manifestations of the strength of nature. These devastating walls of water appear from nowhere, are short-lived and extremely rare. Despite the large amount of research activities on this subject, neither the minimum ingredients required for their generation nor the mechanisms explaining their formation

Dmitri L. Boiko

Rotation-induced splitting of the otherwise degenerate photonic bands is predicted for a two-dimensional photonic crystal made of evanescently coupled microcavities. The symmetry-broken energy splitting is similar to the Zeeman splitting of atomic levels or electron&#39;s (hole&#39;s) magnetic moment sublevels in an external magnetic field. The orbital motio

B. Yu, T. Lu

In this paper, we revisit the weak gravitational lensing of CMB. The key point is that the deflection angle of CMB photon varies with the redshift. From this we obtain a set of modified power spectra. Compared with the ones calculated before, the temperature, the polarization E mode and the cross power spectra correction are of the order $0.01 %$, while the

Cosimo Bambi, Masahiro Kawasaki, Federico R. Urban

We study axion cosmology in a 5D Universe, in the case of flat and warped extra dimension. The comparison between theoretical predictions and observations constrains the 5D axion decay constant and the 5D Planck mass, which has to be taken into account in building 5D axion models. The framework developed in this paper can be readily applied to other bulk fie

Chonghui Huang, Zhaoyong Huang

Let $R$ be a left and right Noetherian ring and $n,k$ any non-negative integers. $R$ is said to satisfy the Auslander-type condition $G_n(k)$ if the right flat dimension of the $(i+1)$-st term in a minimal injective resolution of $R_R$ is at most $i+k$ for any $0 \leq i \leq n-1$. In this paper, we prove that $R$ is $G_n(k)$ if and only if so is a lower tria

Jerome Petit

We show that for every spherical category $\C$ with invertible dimension, the Turaev-Viro TQFT admits a splitting into blocks which come from an HQFT, called the Turaev-Viro HQFT. The Turaev-Viro HQFT has the classifying space $B\grad$ as target space, where $\grad$ is a group obtained from the category $\C$. This construction gives a reformulation of the Tu

Paul Goudfrooij, Thomas H. Puzia, Vera Kozhurina-Platais, Rupali Chandar

The Advanced Camera for Surveys on board the Hubble Space Telescope has been used to obtain deep, high-resolution images of the intermediate-age star cluster NGC 1846 in the Large Magellanic Cloud. We present new color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) based on F435W, F555W, and F814W imaging. We test the previously observed broad main sequence turnoff region for &#

Dara Norman, Marcel Agueros, Timothy M. Brown, Matthew Browning

The NSF&#39;s Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship (AAPF) is exceptional among the available postdoctoral awards in Astronomy and Astrophysics. The fellowship is one of the few that allows postdoctoral researchers to pursue an original research program, of their own design, at the U.S. institution of their choice. However, what makes this fello

Kota Chisaki, Masatoshi Hamada, Norio Konno, Etsuo Segawa

We consider a discrete-time quantum walk W_t given by the Grover transformation on the Cayley tree. We reduce W_t to a quantum walk X_t on a half line with a wall at the origin. This paper presents two types of limit theorems for X_t. The first one is X_t as t\to\infty, which corresponds to a localization in the case of an initial qubit state. The second one

Dara Norman, CSMA, NSHP, Marcel Agueros

In order to attract, recruit and retain underrepresented minority students to pursue Astronomy and related fields, we must ensure that there continues to be a well qualified pool of graduate and undergraduate students from which to recruit. This required pool of people are today&#39;s elementary, middle and high school students. The Astronomy community must

Dara Norman, CSMA, NSHP, Marcel Agueros

If the ethnic makeup of the astronomy profession is to achieve parity with the general population within one generation (~30 years), the number of underrepresented minorities earning graduate degrees in astronomy and astrophysics must increase in the coming decade by a factor of 5 to 10. To accomplish this, the profession must develop and invest in mechanism

Dara Norman, CSMA, NSHP, Marcel Agueros

Promoting racial and ethnic diversity is critically important to the future success and growth of the field of astronomy. The raw ability, drive and interest required to excel in the field is distributed without regard to race, gender, or socioeconomic background. By not actively promoting diversity in our field we risk losing talented people to other profes

Kent D. Boklan, Noam D. Elkies

It is conjectured that every integer N>454 is the sum of seven nonnegative cubes. We prove the conjecture when N is a multiple of 4.

Nicolas Le Bihan, Ludovic Margerin

In this paper, we present a nonparametric method to estimate the heterogeneity of a random medium from the angular distribution of intensity transmitted through a slab of random material. Our approach is based on the modeling of forward multiple scattering using Compound Poisson Processes on compact Lie groups. The estimation technique is validated through n

Shijong Ryang

We integrate the nonpropagating B_{\mu} gauge field for the non-linear BF Lagrangian describing N M2-branes which includes terms with even number of the totally antisymmetric tensor M^{IJK} in arXiv:0808.2473 and for the two-types of non-linear BF Lagrangians which include terms with odd number of M^{IJK} as well in arXiv:0809:0985. For the former Lagrangian

Bo Ma, Xiang-Dong Li

The formation of ultra-compact X-ray binaries (UCXBs) has not been well understood. Previous works show that ultra-short orbital periods ($<1$ hr) may be reached through mass transfer driven by magnetic braking in normal low/intermediate-mass X-ray binaries (L/IMXBs) only for an extremely small range of initial binary parameters, which makes it difficult to

Thomas Peters

We show that a class of 3-manifolds with non left-orderable fundamental group are Heegaard Floer homology L-spaces

Vito Barbarani

The aim of this work is to investigate how energy depends on the two-body interaction potential in Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) phenomena. An equation of state is obtained which is valid both for low and high energy BEC, through the application of a revised form of quantum statistics. An extension of the singularity conditions describing the state of BEC

Cenke Xu, Jiangping Hu

We study the magnetism and lattice distortion of Fe_{1+y}Te_{1-x}Se_x with a general field theory formalism, motivated by recent neutron scattering experiments. Besides the Ising nematic order parameter which can be naturally defined in the 1111 and 122 materials, We show that the collinear order observed in $\mathrm{Fe_{1+y}Te}$ materials is stabilized by a

Jose L. F. Barbon, Carlos A. Fuertes

We exhibit a nonrelativistic ideal gas with a Kaluza-Klein tower of species, featuring a singular behavior of thermodynamic functions at zero chemical potential. In this way, we provide a qualitative match to the thermodynamics of recently found black holes in backgrounds with asymptotic nonrelativistic conformal symmetry.

Aravind Natarajan, Dominik J. Schwarz

If dark matter is made up of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles, the annihilation of these particles in halos results in energy being released, some of which is absorbed by gas, causing partial ionization and heating. Dark matter annihilation may result in partial ionization and gas heating at high redshifts, even before the formation of the first stars. I

Alioscia Hamma, Daniel A. Lidar, Simone Severini

Quantum systems with short range interactions are known to respect an area law for the entanglement entropy: the von Neumann entropy $S$ associated to a bipartition scales with the boundary $p$ between the two parts. Here we study the case in which the boundary is a fractal. We consider the topologically ordered phase of the toric code with a magnetic field.

James Charbonneau, Ariel Zhitnitsky

The effects of anomalies in high density QCD are striking. We consider a direct application of one of these effects, namely topological currents, on the physics of neutron stars. All the elements required for topological currents are present in neutron stars: degenerate matter, large magnetic fields, and P-parity violating processes. These conditions lead to

Ken Kamrin

This work proposes a model for granular deformation that predicts the stress and velocity profiles in well-developed dense granular flows. Recent models for granular elasticity (Jiang and Liu 2003) and rate-sensitive plastic flow (Jop et al. 2006) are reformulated and combined into one universal granular continuum law, capable of predicting flowing regions a

Francesco Giacosa

A definition of `dynamical generation&#39;, a hotly debated topic at present, is proposed and its implications are discussed. This definition, in turn, leads to a method allowing to distinguish in principle tetraquark and molecular states. The different concept of `dynamical reconstruction&#39; is also introduced and applies to the generation of preexisting

Junhua Zhang, Rastko Sknepnek, Rafael M. Fernandes, Joerg Schmalian

We demonstrate that strong inter-orbital interaction is very efficient to achieve superconductivity due to magnetic fluctuations in the iron pnictides. Fermi surface states that are coupled by the antiferromagnetic wave vector are often of different orbital nature, causing pair-hopping interactions between distinct Fe-3d orbitals to become important. Perform

Manish Kumar

It is shown that the commutator subgroup of the fundamental group of a smooth affine curve over an uncountable algebraically closed field $k$ of positive characteristic is a profinite free group of rank equal to the cardinality of $k$.

Marko Moisio

Let $K_{q^n}(a)$ be a Kloosterman sum over the finite field $\F_{q^n}$ of characteristic $p$. In this note so called subfield conjecture is proved in case $p>3$: if $a\ne0$ belongs to the proper subfield $\F_q$ of $\F_{q^n}$, then $K_{q^n}(a)\ne-1$. This completes recent works on the subfield conjecture by Shparlinski, and Moisio and Lisonek. The problem is

P. M. Ferreira, R. Santos

We study the effect that FCNC interactions of the top quark will have on the branching ratio of charged decays of the top quark. We have performed an integrated analysis using Tevatron and B-factories data and with just the further assumption that the CKM matrix is unitary we can obtain very restrictive bounds on the strong and electroweak FCNC branching rat

Khoa Lu Nguyen, Chris Woodward, Fabian Ziltener

We introduce a notion of morphism of CohFT algebras, based on the analogy with A-infinity morphisms. We discuss a &#34;quantization&#34; of the classical Kirwan morphism to a morphism of CohFT algebras from the equivariant quantum cohomology of a G-variety to the quantum cohomology of its git or symplectic quotient, and an example relating to the orbifold qu

Michael Kesden

The unique dynamics of the tidal disruption of satellite galaxies is an extremely sensitive probe of long-range interactions between dark-matter particles. Dark-matter forces that are several percent the strength of gravity will lead to order unity changes in the ratio of the number of stars in the leading and trailing tidal streams of a satellite galaxy. Th

F. T. Avignone, R. J. Creswick, S. Nussinov

Solar-axion interaction rates in NaI, CsI and Xe scintillators via the axio-electric effect were calculated. A table is presented with photoelectric and axioelectric cross sections, solar-axion fluxes, and the interaction rates from 2.0 to 10.0 keV. The results imply that annual-modulation data of large NaI and CsI arrays, and large Xe scintillation chambers

C. Martin Gaskell

It has been proposed that when the peaks of the broad emission lines in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are significantly blueshifted or redshifted from the systemic velocity of the host galaxy, this could be a consequence of orbital motion of a supermassive blackhole binary (SMB) (Gaskell 1983). The AGN J1536+0441 (=SDSS J153636.22+044127.0) has recently been

Brice Ménard, Martin Kilbinger, Ryan Scranton

Supernova measurements have become a key ingredient in current determinations of cosmological parameters. These sources can however be used as standard candles only after correcting their apparent brightness for a number of effects. In this paper we discuss some limitations imposed by the formalism currently used for such corrections and investigate the impa