August 2018 arXiv papers — page 40

Chiranjeeb Singha

One perceives same response of a single-atom detector when placed at a point outside the horizon in Schwarzschild spacetime to that of a static single-atom detector in thermal Minkowski spacetime. So one cannot distinguish Schwarzschild spacetime from thermal Minkowski spacetime by using a single-atom detector. We show that, for Schwarzschild spacetime, beyo

Malte Gerhold, Michael Skeide

We prove many new results about interacting Fock spaces. We pose many open problems; for most of them we prove that their solutions have no choice but being nontrivial. We ask the kind reader to consult the extended abstract in the paper.

Eunsol Choi, He He, Mohit Iyyer, Mark Yatskar

We present QuAC, a dataset for Question Answering in Context that contains 14K information-seeking QA dialogs (100K questions in total). The dialogs involve two crowd workers: (1) a student who poses a sequence of freeform questions to learn as much as possible about a hidden Wikipedia text, and (2) a teacher who answers the questions by providing short exce

Georgios Itsios, Niko Jokela, Jarkko Järvelä, Alfonso V. Ramallo

In this work we will study the low-energy collective behavior of spatially anisotropic dense fluids in four spacetime dimensions. We will embed a massless flavor D7-brane probe in a generic geometry which has a metric possessing anisotropy in the spatial components. We work out generic formulas of the low-energy excitation spectra and two-point functions for

Thomas Fehrenbach, Rohit Datta, Barış Göktepe, Thomas Wirth

5G is envisioned to support three broad categories of services: eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC. URLLC services refer to future applications which require reliable data communications from one end to another, while fulfilling ultra-low latency constraints. In this paper, we highlight the requirements and mechanisms that are necessary for URLLC in LTE. Design challenge

Alexei Kitaev, S. Josephine Suh

The dynamics of a nearly-AdS2 spacetime with boundaries is reduced to two particles in the anti-de Sitter space. We determine the class of physically meaningful wavefunctions, and prescribe the statistical mechanics of a black hole. We demonstrate how wavefunctions for a two-sided black hole and a regularized notion of trace can be used to construct thermal

Adil Belhaj, Salah Eddine Ennadifi

It is proposed that Magnetic Monopoles (MMs) could originate from a new $\mbox{U(1)}_{M}$ symmetry. Such an abelian symmetry is then assumed to be related to the conservation of a magnetic number $M$. This magnetic number is associated with massive MMs from an expected high scale breaking of this magnetic symmetry. The involved scales are approached and the

Chris Mann, Christopher A. Tellesbo, Benjamin C. Bromley, Scott J. Kenyon

A stellar flare can brighten a planet in orbit around its host star, producing a light curve with a faint echo. This echo, and others from subsequent flares, can lead to the planet's discovery, revealing its orbital configuration and physical characteristics. A challenge is that an echo is faint relative to the flare and measurement noise. Here, we use a

Jorge L. deLyra

In the context of the complex-analytic structure within the open unit disk, that was established in a previous paper, here we establish a simple generalization of the Cauchy-Goursat theorem of complex analytic functions. We do this first for the case of inner analytic functions, and then generalize the result to all analytic functions. We thus show that the

John Gertz

Land-based beacons, information laden probes sent into our solar system, and more distal communication nodes have each been proposed as the most likely means by which we might be contacted by ET. Each method, considered in isolation from ET's point of view, has limitations and flaws. An overarching galactic communication architecture that tethers togethe

D. A. Balakin, A. V. Belinsky, A. S. Chirkin

We apply the measurement reduction technique to optimally reconstruct an object image from multiplexed ghost images (GI) while taking into account both GI correlations and object image sparsity. We show that one can reconstruct an image in that way even if the object is illuminated by a small photon number. We consider frequency GI multiplexing using coupled

Ivana Balažević, Carl Allen, Timothy M. Hospedales

Knowledge graphs are graphical representations of large databases of facts, which typically suffer from incompleteness. Inferring missing relations (links) between entities (nodes) is the task of link prediction. A recent state-of-the-art approach to link prediction, ConvE, implements a convolutional neural network to extract features from concatenated subje

Chi Sun, Hang Yan, Xipeng Qiu, Xuanjing Huang

Compared with word embedding based on point representation, distribution-based word embedding shows more flexibility in expressing uncertainty and therefore embeds richer semantic information when representing words. The Wasserstein distance provides a natural notion of dissimilarity with probability measures and has a closed-form solution when measuring the

Sonali Gera, Chase Wallace, Mael Flament, Alessia Scriminich

Quantum repeater networks require independent quantum memories capable of storing and retrieving indistinguishable photons to perform high-repetition entanglement swapping operations. The ability to perform these coherent operations at room temperature is of prime importance to the realization of scalable quantum networks. We perform Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) int

Steven Reyes, Duncan A. Brown

It has been suggested by Weinberg et al. (2013) that an instability due to the nonlinear coupling of a neutron star's tide to its $p$- and $g$-modes could affect the gravitational-wave phase evolution of a neutron-star binary. Weinberg (2016) suggests that this instability can turn on as the gravitational-waves pass through the sensitive band of ground-b

Wilder S. Daza, Joaquín E. Drut, Chris L. Lin, Carlos R. Ordóñez

We analyze, from a canonical quantum field theory perspective, the problem of one-dimensional particles with three-body attractive interactions, which was recently shown to exhibit a scale anomaly identical to that observed in two-dimensional systems with two-body interactions. We study in detail the properties of the scattering amplitude including both boun

Daniel Bittner, Mario Teixeira Parente, Steven Mattis, Barbara Wohlmuth

Hydrological models of karst aquifers are often semi-distributed, and physical processes such as infiltration and spring discharge generation are described in a lumped way. Several works have previously addressed the problems associated with the calibration of such models, highlighting in particular the issue of model parameter estimation and model equifinal

M. -T. Deng, C. -L. Yu, G. -Y. Huang, R. Lopez

The interplay between superconductivity and the Kondo effect has stimulated significant interest in condensed matter physics. They compete when their critical temperatures are close and can give rise to a quantum phase transition that can mimic Majorana zero modes. Here, we have fabricated and measured Al-InSb nanowire quantum dot-Al devices. In the Kondo re

Keita Kunikawa, Ryosuke Takahashi

Inspired by the work of Leung-Wan, we study the mean curvature flow in hyperkähler manifolds starting from hyper-Lagrangian submanifolds, a class of middle dimensional submanifolds, which contains the class of complex Lagrangian submanifolds. For each hyper-Lagrangian submanifold, we define a new energy concept called the "twistor energy" by means of

Xinyuan Dou, Guangbin Ren

We construct a counterexample to a well-known extension theorem for slice regular functions, which motivates us to develop a theory of Riemann slice-domains by introducing a new topology on quaternions. By some paths describing axial symmetry in Riemann slice-domains, we rectify the classical extension formula in the theory of slice regular functions and pro

Yahya Öz, Andreas Klümper

We construct an integrable Hubbard model with impurity site containing spin and charge degrees of freedom. The Bethe ansatz equations for the Hamiltonian are derived and two alternative sets of equations for the thermodynamical properties. For this study, the thermodynamical Bethe ansatz and the quantum transfer matrix approach are used. The latter approach

Haruya Mizutani

For Schrödinger equations with a class of slowly decaying repulsive potentials, we show that the solution satisfies global-in-time Strichartz estimates for any admissible pairs. Our admissible class of potentials includes the positive homogeneous potential $Z|x|^{-μ}$ with $Z>0$ and $0<μ<2$ in three and higher dimensions, especially the repulsive Coulomb pot

Pelerine Tsobgni Nyawo, Hugo Touchette

We study the occupation fluctuations of drifted Brownian motion in a closed interval, and show that they undergo a dynamical phase transition in the long-time limit without an additional low-noise limit. This phase transition is similar to wetting and depinning transitions, and arises here as a switching between paths of the random motion leading to differen

Takayuki Hibi, Kazunori Matsuda

Let $G$ be a finite simple graph on the vertex set $[n] = \{ 1, \ldots, n \}$ and $K[X, Y] = K[x_1, \ldots, x_n, y_1, \ldots, y_n]$ the polynomial ring in $2n$ variables over a field $K$ with each $\mathrm{deg} x_i = \mathrm{deg} y_j = 1$. The binomial edge ideal of $G$ is the binomial ideal $J_G \subset K[X, Y]$ which is generated by those binomials $x_iy_j

Gilad Gour, Mark M. Wilde

The von Neumann entropy of a quantum state is a central concept in physics and information theory, having a number of compelling physical interpretations. There is a certain perspective that the most fundamental notion in quantum mechanics is that of a quantum channel, as quantum states, unitary evolutions, measurements, and discarding of quantum systems can

Thomas Nedelec, Marc Abeille, Clément Calauzènes, Benjamin Heymann

We address the problem of improving bidders&#39; strategies in prior-dependent revenue-maximizing auctions and introduce a simple and generic method to design novel bidding strategies if the seller uses past bids to optimize her mechanism. We propose a simple and agnostic strategy, independent of the distribution of the competition, that is robust to mechani

Jagjit Singh Sidhu, Roshan Mammen Abraham, Corbin Covault, Glenn Starkman

Macroscopic dark matter (aka macros) constitutes a broad class of alternatives to particulate dark matter. We calculate the luminosity produced by the passage of a single macro as a function of its physical cross section. A general detection scheme is developed for measuring the fluorescence caused by a passing macro in the atmosphere that is applicable to a

David Thomas, Steven M Kahn

We present a method that enables wide field ground-based telescopes to scan the sky for sub-second stellar variability. The method has operational and image processing components. The operational component is to take star trail images. Each trail serves as a light curve for its corresponding source and facilitates sub-exposure photometry. We train a deep neu

Viridiana Pineda-Reyes, Lenin F. Escamilla-Herrera, Christine Gruber, Francisco Nettel

We investigate the consequences of reparametrizations in the geometric description of thermodynamics analyzing the effects on the thermodynamic phase space. It is known that the contact and Riemannian structures of the thermodynamic phase space are related to thermodynamic equilibrium and statistical fluctuations in the Boltzmann-Gibbs statistical mechanics.

Anton Alekseev, Benjamin Hoffman, Jeremy Lane, Yanpeng Li

For a compact Poisson-Lie group $K$, the homogeneous space $K/T$ carries a family of symplectic forms $ω_ξ^s$, where $ξ\in \mathfrak{t}^*_+$ is in the positive Weyl chamber and $s \in \mathbb{R}$. The symplectic form $ω_ξ^0$ is identified with the natural $K$-invariant symplectic form on the $K$ coadjoint orbit corresponding to $ξ$. The cohomology class of $

Rakan E. Alsaigh, Ralf Bauer, Martin P. J. Lavery

Photovoltaics (PV) are a versatile and compact route to harness solar power. One critical challenge with current PV is persevering the optimal panel orientation angle with respect to the sun for efficient energy conversion. We experimentally demonstrate a bespoke array of multi-element telecentric optical lenses that allow for a greatly increased open circui

Junpeng Hou, Zhitong Li, Xi-Wang Luo, Qing Gu

Hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs), an unusual class of electromagnetic metamaterials, have found important applications in various fields due to their distinctive properties. A surprising feature of HMMs is that even continuous HMMs can possess topological edge modes. However, previous studies based on equal-frequency surface (analogy of Fermi surface) may not

Ana Djurdjevac

We consider linear parabolic equations on a random non-cylindrical domain. Utilizing the domain mapping method, we write the problem as a partial differential equation with random coefficients on a cylindrical deterministic domain. Exploiting the deterministic results concerning equations on non-cylindrical domains, we state the necessary assumptions about t

D. Durnford, Q. Arnaud, G. Gerbier

As first suggested by U. Fano in the 1940s, the statistical fluctuation of the number of pairs produced in an ionizing interaction is known to be sub-Poissonian. The dispersion is reduced by the so-called &#34;Fano factor&#34;, which empirically encapsulates the correlations in the process of ionization. In modelling the energy response of an ionization meas

Martino Marelli, Andrea Tiengo, Andrea De Luca, Roberto P. Mignani

We analyzed two Chandra observations of PSR J2055+2539 (for a total integration time of $\sim$130 ks) in order to measure its proper motion and study its two elongated nebular features. We did not detect the proper motion, setting an upper limit of 240 mas yr$^{-1}$ (3$σ$ level), that translates into an upper limit on the transverse velocity of $\sim$700 km

Yacin Ameur

We investigate how the theory of quasipolynomials due to Hedenmalm and Wennman works in a hard edge setting and obtain as a consequence a scaling limit for radially symmetric potentials.

Farzane Yahyanejad, Bahram Sadeghi Bigham

We present a simple, robust and efficient harmony search algorithm for the Hop Constrained Connected Facility Location problem (HCConFL). The HCConFL problem is NP-hard that models the design of data-management and telecommunication networks in a manner of reliability. In this paper, we customize harmony search algorithm to solve the HCConFL problem. To arri

Matthew Hedden, Christopher M. Herald, Matthew Hogancamp, Paul Kirk

For a diagram of a 2-stranded tangle in the 3-ball we define a twisted complex of compact Lagrangians in the triangulated envelope of the Fukaya category of the smooth locus of the pillowcase. We show that this twisted complex is a functorial invariant of the isotopy class of the tangle, and that it provides a factorization of Bar-Natan&#39;s functor from th

Ben Barber, Stefan Glock, Daniela Kühn, Allan Lo

The iterative absorption method has recently led to major progress in the area of (hyper-)graph decompositions. Amongst other results, a new proof of the Existence conjecture for combinatorial designs, and some generalizations, was obtained. Here, we illustrate the method by investigating triangle decompositions: we give a simple proof that a triangle-divisi

Somayeh Jahari, Saeid Alikhani

An independent dominating set of the simple graph $G=(V,E)$ is a vertex subset that is both dominating and independent in $G$. The independent domination polynomial of a graph $G$ is the polynomial $D_i(G,x)=\sum_{A} x^{|A|}$, summed over all independent dominating subsets $A\subseteq V$. A root of $D_i(G,x)$ is called an independence domination root. We inv

Avner Bar-Hen, Vincent Audigier

Standard approaches for variable selection in linear models are not tailored to deal properly with high-dimensional and incomplete data. Currently, methods dedicated to high-dimensional data handle missing values by ad-hoc strategies, like complete case analysis or single imputation, while methods dedicated to missing values, mainly based on multiple imputat

Xin Li, Yan Meng, Xiaoxiao Wu, Sheng Yan

If a full band gap closes and then reopens when we continuously deform a periodic system while keeping its symmetry, a topological phase transition usually occurs. A common model demonstrating such a topological phase transition in condensed matter physics is the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model. As well known, two distinct topological phases emerge when the

Muzhi Jin

We show that Property $(P)$ of $\partialΩ$, compactness of the $\bar{\partial}$-Neumann operators $N_1$, and compactness of Hankel operator on a smooth bounded pseudoconvex Hartogs domain $Ω={\{(z, w_1, w_2,\dots, w_n) \in \mathbb{C}^{n+1} \mid\sum_{k=1}^{n} |w_k|^2 < e^{-2φ(z)}, z\in\mathit{D}\}}$ are equivalent, where $D$ is a smooth bounded connected open

Jurriaan Wouters, Hosho Katsura, Dirk Schuricht

We introduce a frustration-free, one-dimensional model of spinless fermions with hopping, p-wave superconducting pairing and alternating chemical potentials. The model possesses two exactly degenerate ground states even for finite system sizes. We present analytical results for the strong Majorana zero modes, the phase diagram and the topological order. Furt

Jingjing Xu, Xuancheng Ren, Yi Zhang, Qi Zeng

Narrative story generation is a challenging problem because it demands the generated sentences with tight semantic connections, which has not been well studied by most existing generative models. To address this problem, we propose a skeleton-based model to promote the coherence of generated stories. Different from traditional models that generate a complete

David P. Blecher, Luis C. Flores, Beate G. Zimmer

We study possible noncommutative (operator algebra) variants of the classical Hoffman-Rossi theorem from the theory of function algebras. In particular we give a condition on the range of a contractive weak* continuous homomorphism defined on an operator algebra A, which is necessary and sufficient (in the setting we explain) for a positive weak* continuous

Faheem Zafari, Jian Li, Kin K Leung, Don Towsley

Mobile edge computing seeks to provide resources to different delay-sensitive applications. However, allocating the limited edge resources to a number of applications is a challenging problem. To alleviate the resource scarcity problem, we propose sharing of resources among multiple edge computing service providers where each service provider has a particula

Luca Messina, Alessio Quaglino, Alexandra Goryaeva, Mihai-Cosmin Marinica

The reliability of atomistic simulations depends on the quality of the underlying energy models providing the source of physical information, for instance for the calculation of migration barriers in atomistic Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. Accurate (high-fidelity) methods are often available, but since they are usually computationally expensive, they must

Xing-gang Mao, Xiao-yan Xue

General hypergeometric distribution (GHGD) describes the following distribution: from a finite space containing N elements, select T subsets with each subset contains M[i] (T-1 >= i >= 0) elements, what is the probability that exactly x elements are overlapped exactly t times or at least t times (XLO=t or XLO>=t, T >= t >= 0, here LO is level of overlap)? Th

J. Porras, J. Bertinshaw, H. Liu, G. Khaliullin

Spin-orbit entangled magnetic dipoles, often referred to as pseudospins, provide a new avenue to explore novel magnetism inconceivable in the weak spin-orbit coupling limit, but the nature of their low-energy interactions remains to be understood. We present a comprehensive study of the static magnetism and low-energy pseudospin dynamics in the archetypal sp

Huimei Liu, Giniyat Khaliullin

The consequences of the Jahn-Teller (JT) orbital-lattice coupling for magnetism of pseudospin J_{eff}=1/2 and J_{eff}=0 compounds are addressed. In the former case, represented by Sr_2IrO_4, this coupling generates, through the so-called pseudo-JT effect, orthorhombic deformations of a crystal concomitant with magnetic ordering. The orthorhombicity axis is t

Andreas Rocén

In this paper we study 7D maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills on a specific 3-Sasakian manifold that is the total space of an $SO(3)$-bundle over $\mathbb{C}P^2$. The novelty of this example is that the manifold is not a toric Sasaki-Einstein manifold. The hyperkähler cone of this manifold is a Swann bundle with hypertoric symmetry and this allows us to calc

Stanislav S. Borysov, Jeppe Rich, Francisco C. Pereira

Population synthesis is concerned with the generation of synthetic yet realistic representations of populations. It is a fundamental problem in the modeling of transport where the synthetic populations of micro-agents represent a key input to most agent-based models. In this paper, a new methodological framework for how to &#39;grow&#39; pools of micro-agent

Fritjof Freise, Heinz Holling, Rainer Schwabe

We develop $D$-optimal designs for linear main effects models on a subset of the $2^K$ full factorial design region, when the number of factors set to the higher level is bounded. It turns out that in the case of narrow margins only those settings of the design points are admitted, where the number of high levels is equal to the upper or lower bounds, while

Gergely Németh, Dániel Datz, Áron Pekker, Takeshi Saito

We used scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) to characterize nickel nanoclusters grown inside single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT). The nanotubes were filled with Ni(II) acetylacetonate and the molecules were transformed into nickel clusters via annealing. The metal clusters give high local contrast enhancement in near-field phas

Gunther Dirr, Frederik vom Ende

We generalize the $C$-numerical range $W_C(T)$ from trace-class to Schatten-class operators, i.e. to $C\in\mathcal B^p(\mathcal H)$ and $T\in\mathcal B^q(\mathcal H)$ with $1/p + 1/q = 1$, and show that its closure is always star-shaped with respect to the origin. For $q \in (1,\infty]$, this is equivalent to saying that the closure of the image of the unita

Hendrik De Bie, Wouter van de Vijver

In previous work a higher rank generalization $R(n)$ of the Racah algebra was defined abstractly. The special case of rank one encodes the bispectrality of the univariate Racah polynomials and is known to admit an explicit realization in terms of the operators associated to these polynomials. Starting from the Dunkl model for which we have an action by $R(n)

G. Lusztig

In a previous paper I have defined a new basis for the representation ring of a Weyl group. In this paper we show that the new basis is related to the standard basis by an upper triangular unipotent matrix. We also give a new parametrization of representations in a fixed family by certain pairs of subgroups of a finite group attached to the family. We outlin

Theodoros Tsatsoulis, Sung Sakong, Axel Groß, Andreas Grüneis

We report on a many-electron wavefunction theory study for the reaction energetics of hydrogen dissociation on the Si(100) surface. We demonstrate that quantum chemical wavefunction based methods using periodic boundary conditions can predict chemically accurate results for the activation barrier and the chemisorption energy in agreement with experimental fi

Anargyros Oikonomou, Antonios Symvonis

A $k$-inner planar graph is a planar graph that has a plane drawing with at most $k$ {internal vertices}, i.e., vertices that do not lie on the boundary of the outer face of its drawing. An outerplanar graph is a $0$-inner planar graph. In this paper, we show how to construct a monotone drawing of a $k$-inner planar graph on a $2(k+1)n \times 2(k+1)n$ grid.

Ville Junnila, Tero Laihonen, Tuomo Lehtilä, María Luz Puertas

Locating-dominating codes in a graph find their application in sensor networks and have been studied extensively over the years. A locating-dominating code can locate one object in a sensor network, but if there is more than one object, it may lead to false conclusions. In this paper, we consider stronger types of locating-dominating codes which can locate o

C. Quesne

A construction method of infinite families of quasi-exactly solvable position-dependent mass Schrödinger equations with known ground and first excited states is proposed in a deformed supersymmetric background. Such families correspond to extensions of known potentials endowed with a deformed shape invariance property. Two different approaches are combined.

Aurimas Sakanas, Elizaveta Semenova, Luisa Ottaviano, Jesper Mørk

In this paper, we employ an electron beam writer as metrology tool to investigate distortion of an exposed pattern of alignment marks in heterogeneously bonded InP on silicon. After experimental study of three different bonding and processing configurations which represent typical on-chip photonic device fabrication conditions, the smallest degree of linearl

Noha Radwan, Wolfram Burgard, Abhinav Valada

For mobile robots navigating on sidewalks, it is essential to be able to safely cross street intersections. Most existing approaches rely on the recognition of the traffic light signal to make an informed crossing decision. Although these approaches have been crucial enablers for urban navigation, the capabilities of robots employing such approaches are stil

S. S. Afonin

We propose a novel approach to construction of hadron spectroscopy. The case of light nonstrange mesons is considered. By assumption, all such mesons above 1 GeV appear due to creation of constituent quark-antiquark pairs inside the pi or rho (omega) mesons. These spin-singlet or triplet pairs dictate the quantum numbers of formed resonance. The resulting cl

Derek Holt, Markus Lohrey, Saul Schleimer

We prove that the compressed word problem and the compressed simultaneous conjugacy problem are solvable in polynomial time in hyperbolic groups. In such problems, group elements are input as words defined by straight line programs defined over a finite generating set for the group. We prove also that, for any infinite hyperbolic group $G$, the compressed kn

Fei Sun, Peng Jiang, Hanxiao Sun, Changhua Pei

In this paper, we study the product title summarization problem in E-commerce applications for display on mobile devices. Comparing with conventional sentence summarization, product title summarization has some extra and essential constraints. For example, factual errors or loss of the key information are intolerable for E-commerce applications. Therefore, w

Xinxin Yang, Pei Wang

The nonequilibrium dynamics in chaotic quantum systems denies a fully understanding up to now, even if thermalization in the long-time asymptotic state has been explained by the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis which assumes a universal form of the observable matrix elements in the eigenbasis of Hamiltonian. It was recently proposed that the density matr

Felix Rey, Peter Hokayem, John Lygeros

We consider a model predictive control (MPC) setting, where we use the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to exploit problem structure. We take advantage of interacting components in the controlled system by decomposing its dynamics with virtual subsystems and virtual inputs. We introduce subsystem-individual penalty parameters together with

Davar Khoshnevisan, Kunwoo Kim, Carl Mueller, Shang-Yuan Shiu

The study of intermittency for the parabolic Anderson problem usually focuses on the moments of the solution which can describe the high peaks in the probability space. In this paper we set up the equation on a finite spatial interval, and study the other part of intermittency, i.e., the part of the probability space on which the solution is close to zero. T

Giannis Bekoulis, Johannes Deleu, Thomas Demeester, Chris Develder

Adversarial training (AT) is a regularization method that can be used to improve the robustness of neural network methods by adding small perturbations in the training data. We show how to use AT for the tasks of entity recognition and relation extraction. In particular, we demonstrate that applying AT to a general purpose baseline model for jointly extracti

G. P. Zhang, M. Murakami, M. S. Si, Y. H. Bai

Information technology depends on how one can control and manipulate signals accurately and quickly. Transistors are at the core of modern technology and are based on electron charges. But as the device dimension shrinks, heating becomes a major problem. The spintronics explores the spin degree of electrons and thus bypasses the heat, at least in principle.

Waldemar Hołubowski, Martyna Maciaszczyk, Sebastian Żurek

The classical result, due to Jordan, Burnside, Dickson, says that every normal subgroup of $GL(n, K)$ ($K$ - a field, $n \geq 3$) which is not contained in the center, contains $SL(n, K)$. A. Rosenberg gave description of normal subgroups of $GL(V)$, where $V$ is a vector space of any infinite cardinality dimension over a division ring. However, when he cons

Francesco Arzani, Giulia Ferrini, Frédéric Grosshans, Damian Markham

We consider a protocol for sharing quantum states using continuous variable systems. Specifically we introduce an encoding procedure where bosonic modes in arbitrary secret states are mixed with several ancillary squeezed modes through a passive interferometer. We derive simple conditions on the interferometer for this encoding to define a secret sharing pro

Minchul Lee, Mahn-Soo Choi

We consider a quantum dot coupled to both superconducting and spin-polarized electrodes, and study the triad interplay of the Kondo effect, superconductivity, and ferromagnetism, any pair of which compete with and suppress each other. We find that the interplay leads to a mixed-valence quantum phase transition, which for other typical sysmstems is merely a c

Abram Akal

The imaginary part of the one loop effective action in external backgrounds can be efficiently computed using worldline instantons which are closed periodic paths in spacetime. Exact solutions for nonstatic backgrounds are only known in certain cases. In this paper, we propose a novel technique allowing the construction of further exactly solvable models. In

Yanwu Gu, Weijun Li, Michael Evans, Berthold-Georg Englert

The data of four recent experiments --- conducted in Delft, Vienna, Boulder, and Munich with the aim of refuting nonquantum hidden-variables alternatives to the quantum-mechanical description --- are evaluated from a Bayesian perspective of what constitutes evidence in statistical data. We find that each of the experiments provides strong, or very strong, ev

Róbert Kovács

There are limits of validity of classical constitutive laws such as Fourier and Navier-Stokes equations, phenomena beyond those limits have been experimentally found many decades ago. However, it is still not clear what theory would be appropriate to model different non-classical phenomena under different conditions considering either the low-temperature or

Rafael Bailo, José A. Carrillo, Pierre Degond

Following the paradigm set by attraction-repulsion-alignment schemes, a myriad of individual based models have been proposed to calculate the evolution of abstract agents. While the emergent features of many agent systems have been described astonishingly well with force-based models, this is not the case for pedestrians. Many of the classical schemes have f

Hiroyoshi Nakano, Shin-ichi Sasa

We study boundary conditions applied to the macroscopic dynamics of Newtonian liquids from the view of microscopic particle systems. We assume the existence of microscopic boundary conditions that are uniquely determined from a microscopic description of the fluid and the wall. By using molecular dynamical simulations, we examine a possible form of the micro

Xu Chen, Jiangang Guo, Chunsheng Gong, Erjian Cheng

Significant manifestation of interplay of superconductivity and charge density wave, spin density wave or magnetism is dome-like variation in superconducting critical temperature (Tc) for cuprate, iron-based and heavy Fermion superconductors. Overall behavior is that the ordered temperature is gradually suppressed and the Tc is enhanced under external contro

Orest Pavlosiuk, Dariusz Kaczorowski, Piotr Wiśniewski

Magnetotransport investigation of a half-Heusler antiferromagnet DyPdBi revealed hallmark features of Weyl semimetal: huge negative longitudinal magnetoresistance and planar Hall effect. Both effects have recently been linked to chiral magnetic anomaly - axial charge pumping between Weyl nodes. Magnetoresistance (MR) of single crystals of DyPdBi is very pron

Krzysztof Zegadlo, Nguyen Viet Hung, Vladimir V. Konotop, Jakub Zakrzewski

We consider chaotic dynamics of a system of two coupled ring resonators with a linear gain and a nonlinear absorption. Such a structure can be implemented in various settings including microresonator nanostructures, polariton condensates, optical waveguides or atomic Bose-Einstein condensates of ultra-cold atoms placed in a circular-shaped trap. From the the

Chaolong Jiang, Wenjun Cai, Yushun Wang

In this paper, we develop a novel, linearly implicit and local energy-preserving scheme for the sine-Gordon equation. The basic idea is from the invariant energy quadratization approach to construct energy stable schemes for gradient systems, which are energy dispassion. We here take the sine-Gordon equation as an example to show that the invariant energy qu

Junichi Okamoto, Ludwig Mathey, Wen-Min Huang

We investigate the effect of electron-phonon coupling on low temperature phases in metallic single-wall carbon nanotubes. We obtain low-temperature phase diagrams of armchair and zigzag type nanotubes with screened interactions with a weak-coupling renormalization group approach. In the absence of electron-phonon coupling, two types of nanotubes have similar

Andrea Dotto

We formulate an analogue of the Breuil-Mézard conjecture for the group of units of a central division algebra over a $p$-adic local field, and we prove that it follows from the conjecture for $\mathrm{GL}_n$. To do so we construct a transfer of inertial types and Serre weights between the maximal compact subgroups of these two groups, in terms of Deligne-Lus

Stefano Ascenzi, Nicola De Lillo, Carl-Johan Haster, Frank Ohme

Coalescing neutron star (NS)-black hole (BH) binaries are promising sources of gravitational-waves (GWs) to be detected within the next few years by current GW observatories. If the NS is tidally disrupted outside the BH innermost stable circular orbit, an accretion torus may form, and this could eventually power a short gamma-ray burst (SGRB). The observati

Detlef Dürr, Sheldon Goldstein, Nino Zanghí

Relational formulations of classical mechanics and gravity have been developed by Julian Barbour and collaborators. Crucial to these formulations is the notion of shape space. We indicate here that the metric structure of shape space allows one to straightforwardly define a quantum motion, a Bohmian mechanics, on shape space. We show how this motion gives ri

A. E. Dorokhov, A. A. Krutov, A. P. Martynenko, F. A. Martynenko

We make precise calculation of hyperfine structure of $S$-states in muonic ions of lithium, beryllium and boron in quantum electrodynamics. Corrections of orders $α^5$ and $α^6$ due to the vacuum polarization, nuclear structure and recoil in first and second orders of perturbation theory are taken into account. We obtain estimates of the total values of hype

Janne Junnila, Eero Saksman, Christian Webb

In this article we establish novel decompositions of Gaussian fields taking values in suitable spaces of generalized functions, and then use these decompositions to prove results about Gaussian multiplicative chaos. We prove two decomposition theorems. The first one is a global one and says that if the difference between the covariance kernels of two Gaussia

Zhi-Cheng Liu, Chong-Xing Yue, Zhen-hua Zhao

In this paper, we derive in a novel approach the possible textures of neutrino mass matrix that can lead to maximal atmospherical mixing angle ($θ^{}_{23} = π/4$) and Dirac CP phase ($δ= - π/2$) in two phenomenologically appealing scenarios: (1) one neutrino mass matrix element being vanishing (2) one neutrino mass being vanishing. For the obtained textures,

Michel Planat, Raymond Aschheim, Marcelo M. Amaral, Klee Irwin

It has been shown that non-stabilizer eigenstates of permutation gates are appropriate for allowing $d$-dimensional universal quantum computing (uqc) based on minimal informationally complete POVMs. The relevant quantum gates may be built from subgroups of finite index of the modular group $Γ=PSL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ [M. Planat, Entropy 20, 16 (2018)] or more gene

Jin-Hong Park, Seung Hun Lee, Choong H. Kim, Hosub Jin

Interplay of Fermi surface topology and electron correlation is the quintessential ingredient underlying spontaneous symmetry breaking in itinerant electronic systems. In one-dimensional (1D) systems at half-filling, the inherent Fermi surface nesting makes the translationally invariant metallic state unstable, which is known as Peierls instability. Extendin

Vincenzo Afferrante, Guido Martinelli

Our Vcb extraction is based on recent Belle results, with unfolded kinematical dependence. We use two different parameterizations of the form factors, the CLN and BGL parameterizations. We discuss how the known discrepancy between the inclusive and exclusive determinations of Vcb depends on an underestimate of the uncertainty with parameterizations that use

Laura Baudis, Michelle Galloway, Alexander Kish, Chris Marentini

Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) are considered as a solid-state sensor alternative to photomultiplier tubes in experiments using liquid xenon (LXe) as a radiation detection medium. The main requirements are single-photon detection of the vacuum ultraviolet scintillation light from LXe at 178$\,$nm with high resolution and detection efficiency and low noise

Jörg Tiedemann, Yves Scherrer

In this paper, we investigate whether multilingual neural translation models learn stronger semantic abstractions of sentences than bilingual ones. We test this hypotheses by measuring the perplexity of such models when applied to paraphrases of the source language. The intuition is that an encoder produces better representations if a decoder is capable of r

Florio M. Ciaglia, Hans Cruz, Giuseppe Marmo

Motivated by a geometric decomposition of the vector field associated with the Gorini-Kossakowski-Lindblad-Sudarshan (GKLS) equation for finite-level open quantum systems, we propose a generalization of the recently introduced contact Hamiltonian systems for the description of dissipative-like dynamical systems in the context of (non-necessarily exact) conta

Jonathan Brugger, Christian Seidel, Michael Streif, Filip A. Wudarski

We demonstrate that the output statistics of a quantum annealing protocol run on D-Wave 2000Q can be explained by static disorder garnishing an otherwise ideal device hardware. A Boltzmann-like distribution over distinct output states emerges with increasing problem size, and significantly reduces the chances for a correct identification of the sought-after

Vakhid A. Gani, Maxim Yu. Khlopov, Dmitry N. Voskresensky

We consider the model of composite dark matter assuming stable particles of charge $-2$ bound with primordial helium nuclei by Coulomb force in $O$He atoms. We study capture of such dark atoms in matter and propose a possibility of existence of stable $O$-enriched superheavy nuclei and $O$-nuclearites, in which heavy $O$-dark matter fermions are bound by ele

Annise Rivière, Stefano Lepri, Daniele Colognesi, Francesco Piazza

In this paper we introduce a method to resolve transient excitations in time-frequency space from molecular dynamics simulations. Our technique is based on continuous wavelet transform of velocity time series coupled to a threshold-dependent filtering procedure to isolate excitation events from background noise in a given spectral region. By following in tim