June 2019 arXiv papers — page 16

Gianmaria Falasco, Massimiliano Esposito, Jean-Charles Delvenne

We introduce a new technique to bound the fluctuations exhibited by a physical system, based on the Euclidean geometry of the space of observables. Through a simple unifying argument, we derive a sweeping generalization of so-called Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relations (TURs). We not only strengthen the bounds but extend their realm of applicability and in ma

Siheng Chen, Sufeng. Niu, Tian Lan, Baoan Liu

We present a novel graph-neural-network-based system to effectively represent large-scale 3D point clouds with the applications to autonomous driving. Many previous works studied the representations of 3D point clouds based on two approaches, voxelization, which causes discretization errors and learning, which is hard to capture huge variations in large-scal

Thomas Hales

This article gives some memories of Thomas Hales of his years at Princeton as a graduate student under Robert Langlands. It has been prepared for the book "The Genesis of Langlands' Program," edited by Dr. Julia Mueller and Dr. Freydoon Shahidi.

Mehmet Fatih Sahin, Armin Eftekhari, Ahmet Alacaoglu, Fabian Latorre

We propose a practical inexact augmented Lagrangian method (iALM) for nonconvex problems with nonlinear constraints. We characterize the total computational complexity of our method subject to a verifiable geometric condition, which is closely related to the Polyak-Lojasiewicz and Mangasarian-Fromowitz conditions. In particular, when a first-order solver is

Shaoxing Mo, Nicholas Zabaras, Xiaoqing Shi, Jichun Wu

Inverse modeling for the estimation of non-Gaussian hydraulic conductivity fields in subsurface flow and solute transport models remains a challenging problem. This is mainly due to the non-Gaussian property, the non-linear physics, and the fact that many repeated evaluations of the forward model are often required. In this study, we develop a convolutional

Abhinav Shaw, Natcha Simsiri, Iman Deznaby, Madalina Fiterau

With the growing popularity of wearable devices, the ability to utilize physiological data collected from these devices to predict the wearer's mental state such as mood and stress suggests great clinical applications, yet such a task is extremely challenging. In this paper, we present a general platform for personalized predictive modeling of behavioural st

Vincent Stimper, Stefan Bauer, Ralph Ernstorfer, Bernhard Schölkopf

Contrast enhancement is an important preprocessing technique for improving the performance of downstream tasks in image processing and computer vision. Among the existing approaches based on nonlinear histogram transformations, contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) is a popular choice for dealing with 2D images obtained in natural and scie

J. Q. Lin, Jie Yuan, Kui Jin, Z. P. Yin

Electron correlations play a dominant role in the charge dynamics of the cuprates. We use resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) to track the doping dependence of the collective charge excitations in electron doped La$_{2-x}$Ce$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$(LCCO). From the resonant energy dependence and the out-of-plane momentum dependence, the charge excitations are i

G. A. Peterson, S. Kotler, F. Lecocq, K. Cicak

We present a new optomechanical device where the motion of a micromechanical membrane couples to a microwave resonance of a three-dimensional superconducting cavity. With this architecture, we realize ultrastrong parametric coupling, where the coupling rate not only exceeds the dissipation rates in the system but also rivals the mechanical frequency itself.

Edward Bryden, Marcus Khuri, Christina Sormani

The rigidity statement of the positive mass theorem asserts that an asymptotically flat initial data set for the Einstein equations with zero ADM mass, and satisfying the dominant energy condition, must arise from an embedding into Minkowski space. In this paper we address the question of what happens when the mass is merely small. In particular, we formulat

Bruno Cartaxo, Gustavo Pinto, Baldoino Fonseca, Márcio Ribeiro

Background: One of the most important current challenges of Software Engineering (SE) research is to provide relevant evidence to practice. In health related fields, Rapid Reviews (RRs) have shown to be an effective method to achieve that goal. However, little is known about how the SE research community perceives the potential applicability of RRs. Aims: Th

Matthew Brooks, Guido Burkard

Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) offer a novel two-dimensional platform for semiconductor devices. One such application, whereby the added low dimensional crystal physics (i.e. optical spin selection rules) may prove TMDs a competitive candidate, are quantum dots as qubits. The band structure of TMD monolayers offers a number of different de

T. B. Webb, R. J. Charity, J. M. Elson, D. E. M Hoff

Particle-decaying states of the light nuclei $^{11,12}$N and $^{12}$O were studied using the invariant-mass method. The decay energies and intrinsic widths of a number of states were measured, and the momentum correlations of three-body decaying states were considered. A second 2$p$-decaying 2$^+$ state of $^{12}$O was observed for the first time, and a high

Henry H. Hsieh, Michele T. Bannister, Bryce T. Bolin, Josef Durech

The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) is expected to increase known small solar system object populations by an order of magnitude or more over the next decade, enabling a broad array of transformative solar system science investigations to be performed. In this white paper, we discuss software tools and infrastructure that we anticipate will be needed

Ilya Kossovskiy, Alexander Loboda

Locally homogeneous strictly pseudoconvex hypersurfaces in $\mathbb C^2$ were classified by E.\,Cartan in 1932. In this work, we complete the classification of locally homogeneous strictly pseudoconvex hypersurfaces in $\mathbb C^3$.

David Nesvorny, Rixin Li, Andrew N. Youdin, Jacob B. Simon

A critical step toward the emergence of planets in a protoplanetary disk consists in accretion of planetesimals, bodies 1-1000 km in size, from smaller disk constituents. This process is poorly understood partly because we lack good observational constraints on the complex physical processes that contribute to planetesimal formation. In the outer solar syste

N. A. García-Martínez, J. Fernández-Rossier

We propose a method to realize a broad class of tunable fermionic Hamiltonians in graphene bilayer. For that matter, we consider graphene bilayer functionalized with sp$^3$ defects that induce zero energy resonances hosting an individual electron each. The application of an off-plane electric field opens up a gap, so that the zero energy resonance becomes an

Danniel Dias Augusto, Josimar da Silva Rocha

In this work we define Magic Polygons P (n, k) and Degenerated Magic Polygons D(n, k) and we obtain their main properties, such as the magic sum and the value corresponding to the root vertex. The existence of magic polygons P (n, k) and degenerated magic polygons D(n, k) are discussed for certain values of n and k.

Eric Bahuaud, Frédéric Rochon

We construct new examples of Einstein metrics by perturbing the conformal infinity of geometrically finite hyperbolic metrics and by applying the inverse function theorem in suitable weighted H\"older spaces.

Connor T. Hann, Chang-Ling Zou, Yaxing Zhang, Yiwen Chu

Hybrid quantum systems in which acoustic resonators couple to superconducting qubits are promising quantum information platforms. High quality factors and small mode volumes make acoustic modes ideal quantum memories, while the qubit-phonon coupling enables the initialization and manipulation of quantum states. We present a scheme for quantum computing with

Gopal-Krishna, Silke Britzen, Paul Wiita

This article focuses on certain variability and emission characteristics of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), especially their radio-loud subset consisting of quasars, BL Lacs and $\gamma$-ray detected narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies, all of which exhibit relativistically beamed jets of nonthermal radiation. Several striking trends and correlations, including som

Angela D. V. Di Virgilio, Umberto Giacomelli, Nicolò Beverini, Giorgio Carelli

Ring laser gyroscopes are top sensitivity inertial sensors used in the measurement of angular rotation rates. It is well known that the response of such remarkable instruments can in principle access the very low frequency band, but the occurrence of nonlinear effects in the laser dynamics imposes severe limitations in terms of sensitivity and stability. We

Madeline Brandt, Madeleine Weinstein

Voronoi cells of varieties encode many features of their metric geometry. We prove that each Voronoi or Delaunay cell of a plane curve appears as the limit of a sequence of cells obtained from point samples of the curve. We use this result to study metric features of plane curves, including the medial axis, curvature, evolute, bottlenecks, and reach. In each

Pavlos Mitsoulis-Ntompos, Meisam Hejazinia, Serena Zhang, Travis Brady

Recommender systems are critical tools to match listings and travelers in two-sided vacation rental marketplaces. Such systems require high capacity to extract user preferences for items from implicit signals at scale. To learn those preferences, we propose a Simple Deep Personalized Recommendation System to compute travelers' conditional embeddings. Our met

Luis E. Portilla, Henrique N. Sá Earp

We study a natural contact instanton (CI) equation on gauge fields over 7-dimensional Sasakian manifolds, which is closely related both to the transverse Hermitian Yang-Mills (tHYM) condition and the G_2-instanton equation. We obtain, by Fredholm theory, a finite-dimensional local model for the moduli space of irreducible solutions. We derive cohomological c

Benjamin R. Baer, Daniel E. Gilbert, Martin T. Wells

A substantial portion of the literature on fairness in algorithms proposes, analyzes, and operationalizes simple formulaic criteria for assessing fairness. Two of these criteria, Equalized Odds and Calibration by Group, have gained significant attention for their simplicity and intuitive appeal, but also for their incompatibility. This chapter provides a per

Riccardo Bellan, Jakob Beyer, Carsten Bittrich, Giacomo Boldrini

This document reports the first year of activity of the VBSCan COST Action network, as summarised by the talks and discussions happened during the VBSCan Thessaloniki 2018 workshop. The VBSCan COST action is aiming at a consistent and coordinated study of vector-boson scattering from the phenomenological and experimental point of view, for the best exploitat

Linbin Huang, Huanhai Xin, Florian Dörfler

The modern power system features high penetration of power converters due to the development of renewables, HVDC, etc. Currently, the controller design and parameter tuning of power converters heavily rely on rich engineering experience and extrapolation from a single converter system, which may lead to inferior performance or even instabilities under variab

G. V. Prateek, Yo-El Ju, Arye Nehorai

We address the problem of signal denoising and pattern recognition in processing batch-mode time-series data by combining linear time-invariant filters, orthogonal multiresolution representations, and sparsity-based methods. We propose a novel approach to designing higher-order zero-phase low-pass, high-pass, and band-pass infinite impulse response filters a

Aleksander L. Wysocki, Manh Cuong Nguyen, Cai-Zhuang Wang, Kai-Ming Ho

We explore an opportunity to induce and control tetragonal distortion in materials. The idea involves formation of a binary alloy from parent compounds having body-centered and face-centered symmetries. The concept is illustrated in the case of FeNi$_{1-x}$Co$_x$ magnetic alloy formed by substitutional doping of the L1$_0$ FeNi magnet with Co. Using electron

Tian Liu, Tao Shu

Artificial neural network (ANN) provides superior accuracy for nonlinear alternating current (AC) state estimation (SE) in smart grid over traditional methods. However, research has discovered that ANN could be easily fooled by adversarial examples. In this paper, we initiate a new study of adversarial false data injection (FDI) attack against AC SE with ANN

Omri Ben-Eliezer, Eylon Yogev

Random sampling is a fundamental primitive in modern algorithms, statistics, and machine learning, used as a generic method to obtain a small yet "representative" subset of the data. In this work, we investigate the robustness of sampling against adaptive adversarial attacks in a streaming setting: An adversary sends a stream of elements from a universe $U$

Evan S. Gawlik, Yuji Nakatsukasa

A landmark result from rational approximation theory states that $x^{1/p}$ on $[0,1]$ can be approximated by a type-$(n,n)$ rational function with root-exponential accuracy. Motivated by the recursive optimality property of Zolotarev functions (for the square root and sign functions), we investigate approximating $x^{1/p}$ by composite rational functions of

Xin Liu, Edriss S. Titi

We establish the local and global well-posedness of strong solutions to the two- and three-dimensional anelastic equations of stratified viscous flows. In this model, the interaction of the density profile with the velocity field is taken into account, and the density background profile is permitted to have physical vacuum singularity. The existing time of t

Shaked Rozen, Antoine Comby, Etienne Bloch, Sandra Beauvarlet

Controlling the polarization state of electromagnetic radiation enables the investigation of fundamental symmetry properties of matter through chiroptical processes. Many strategies have been developed to reveal structural or dynamical information about chiral molecules, from the microwave to the extreme ultraviolet range. Most schemes employ circularly or e

John Whitehead, Yasin Desai, Thomas Jaki

When a clinical trial is subject to a series of interim analyses as a result of which the study may be terminated or modified, final frequentist analyses need to take account of the design used. Failure to do so may result in overstated levels of significance, biased effect estimates and confidence intervals with inadequate coverage probabilities. A wide var

Lauren Kennedy, Andrew Gelman

Psychology research focuses on interactions, and this has deep implications for inference from non-representative samples. For the goal of estimating average treatment effects, we propose to fit a model allowing treatment to interact with background variables and then average over the distribution of these variables in the population. This can be seen as an

J. Va'vra

Detector examples discussed: MRPCs, MCP-PMTs, Diamond detectors, SiPMTs, Low and high gain Avalanche diodes (LGADs) and Micromegas. We specifically discuss issues such as single pixel vs. multi-pixel tests, small test vs. large physics system results and hidden problems people usually do not want to talk about.

Isabelly Rocha, Christian Göttel, Pascal Felber, Marcelo Pasin

Cloud providers usually offer diverse types of hardware for their users. Customers exploit this option to deploy cloud instances featuring GPUs, FPGAs, architectures other than x86 (e.g., ARM, IBM Power8), or featuring certain specific extensions (e.g, Intel SGX). We consider in this work the instances used by customers to deploy containers, nowadays the de

Fred Espen Benth, Silvia Lavagnini

In the setting of polynomial jump-diffusion dynamics, we provide an explicit formula for computing correlators, namely, cross-moments of the process at different time points along its path. The formula appears as a linear combination of exponentials of the generator matrix, extending the well-known moment formula for polynomial processes. The developed frame

René Haberland, Kirill Krinkin

Dynamic memory issues are hard to locate and may cost much of a development project's efforts and was repeatedly reported similarly afterwards independently by different persons. Verification as one formal method may proof a given program's heap matches a specified dynamic behaviour. Dynamic (or heap) memory, is the region within main memory that is manipula

Susanna Mosleh, Qiang Fan, Lingjia Liu, Jonathan D. Ashdown

Mobile edge caching (MEC) has been introduced to support ever-growing end-users' needs. To reduce the backhaul traffic demand and content delivery latency, cache-enabled edge servers at base stations (BSs) are employed to provision popular contents at the network edge. In this paper, multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) operation and user association policy

Frédéric Campana, Junyan Cao, Mihai Păun

In this article we establish new positivity properties for direct images of twisted pluricanonical bundle of an algebraic fiber space. As a corollary we obtain an algebraicity criteria for holomorphic foliations which partly confirms a conjecture of Pereira-Touzet.

Nicolas Tancogne-Dejean, Michael A. Sentef, Angel Rubio

We demonstrate that a dynamical modification of the Hubbard U in the model charge-transfer insulator NiO can be observed with state-of-the-art time-resolved absorption spectroscopy. Using a self-consistent time-dependent density functional theory plus U computational framework, we show that the dynamical modulation of screening and Hubbard U significantly ch

Varun Kumar Vijay, Abhinav Ganesh, Hanlin Tang, Arjun Bansal

To solve tasks in new environments involving objects unseen during training, agents must reason over prior information about those objects and their relations. We introduce the Prior Knowledge Graph network, an architecture for combining prior information, structured as a knowledge graph, with a symbolic parsing of the visual scene, and demonstrate that this

Filipe S. M. Guimarães, Juba Bouaziz, Manuel dos Santos Dias, Samir Lounis

Terahertz spintronics offers the prospect of devices which are both faster and more energy-efficient. A promising route to achieve this goal is to exploit current-induced spin-orbit torques. However, the high-frequency properties of these quantities remain unexplored both experimentally and theoretically, within a realistic material-specific approach. Here w

Esin Durmus, Faisal Ladhak, Claire Cardie

Systems for automatic argument generation and debate require the ability to (1) determine the stance of any claims employed in the argument and (2) assess the specificity of each claim relative to the argument context. Existing work on understanding claim specificity and stance, however, has been limited to the study of argumentative structures that are rela

Jerome Fung, Samantha Hoang

We perform simulations to evaluate a recent experimental technique for using in-line holographic microscopy and an effective-sphere model to measure the population-averaged fractal dimension $D_f$ of an ensemble of colloidal fractal aggregates. In this technique, models based on Lorenz-Mie scattering by a uniform sphere are fit to digital holograms of a popu

L. S. Rocha, A. Bernardo, M. G. B. de Avellar, J. E. Horvath

The search for the true ground state of the dense matter remains open since Bodmer, Terazawa and other raised the possibility of stable quarks, boosted by Witten's $strange$ $matter$ hypothesis in 1984. Within this proposal, the strange matter is assumed to be composed of $strange$ quarks in addition to the usual $up$s and $down$s, having an energy per baryo

Esin Durmus, Claire Cardie

Existing argumentation datasets have succeeded in allowing researchers to develop computational methods for analyzing the content, structure and linguistic features of argumentative text. They have been much less successful in fostering studies of the effect of "user" traits -- characteristics and beliefs of the participants -- on the debate/argument outcome

Elisabetta Colombo, Olivier Martin, Juan Carlos Naranjo, Gian Pietro Pirola

Consider a very general abelian variety $A$ of dimension at least $3$ and an integer $0<d\leq \dim A$. We show that if the map $A^k\to CH_0(A)$ has a $d$-dimensional fiber then $k\geq d+(\dim A+1)/2$. This extends results of the second-named author which covered the cases $d=1,2$. As a geometric application, we obtain that any dominant rational map from a ve

M. S. Murga, D. S. Wiebe, E. E. Sivkova, V. V. Akimkin

We present a numerical tool Shiva designed to simulate the dust destruction in warm neutral, warm ionized, and hot ionized media under the influence of photo-processing, sputtering, and shattering. The tool is designed primarily to study the evolution of hydrogenated amorphous carbons (HACs), but options to simulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), s

Matthew Halpern, Behzad Boroujerdian, Todd Mummert, Evelyn Duesterwald

Today's cloud service architectures follow a "one size fits all" deployment strategy where the same service version instantiation is provided to the end users. However, consumers are broad and different applications have different accuracy and responsiveness requirements, which as we demonstrate renders the "one size fits all" approach inefficient in practic

Mauricio Martinez, Thomas Schaefer, Vladimir Skokov

We study the behavior of the bulk viscosity $\zeta$ in QCD near a possible critical endpoint in the phase diagram. We verify the expectation that $(\zeta/s)\sim a(\xi/\xi_0)^{x_\zeta}$, where $s$ is the entropy density, $\xi$ is the correlation length, $\xi_0$ is the non-critical correlation length, $a$ is a constant and $x_\zeta\simeq 3$. Using a recently d

A. Josephy, P. Chawla, E. Fonseca, C. Ng

We report the detection of a single burst from the first-discovered repeating Fast Radio Burst source, FRB 121102, with CHIME/FRB, which operates in the frequency band 400-800 MHz. The detected burst occurred on 2018 November 19 and its emission extends down to at least 600 MHz, the lowest frequency detection of this source yet. The burst, detected with a si

R. A. Tinguely, M. Hoppe, R. S. Granetz, R. T. Mumgaard

This paper presents the first experimental analysis of polarized synchrotron emission from relativistic runaway electrons (REs) in a tokamak plasma. Importantly, we show that the polarization information of synchrotron radiation can be used to diagnose spatially-localized RE pitch angle distributions. Synchrotron-producing REs were generated during low densi

Noa Zilberman, Adam Levi, Amos Ori

In an ongoing effort to explore quantum effects on the interior geometry of black holes, we explicitly compute the semiclassical flux components $\left\langle T_{uu}\right\rangle _{ren}$ and $\left\langle T_{vv}\right\rangle _{ren}$ ($u$ and $v$ being the standard Eddington coordinates) of the renormalized stress-energy tensor for a minimally-coupled massles

Adrien Gola, Ruth Schwaiger, Peter Gumbsch, Lars Pastewka

We used nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations to study the shear deformation of metallic composites composed of alternating layers of Cu and Au. Our simulations reveal the formation of "vortices" or "swirls" if the bimaterial interfaces are atomically rough and if none of the {111} planes that accommodate slip in fcc materials is exactly parallel to

Esin Durmus, Claire Cardie

Public debate forums provide a common platform for exchanging opinions on a topic of interest. While recent studies in natural language processing (NLP) have provided empirical evidence that the language of the debaters and their patterns of interaction play a key role in changing the mind of a reader, research in psychology has shown that prior beliefs can

Peter L. Bartlett, Philip M. Long, Gábor Lugosi, Alexander Tsigler

The phenomenon of benign overfitting is one of the key mysteries uncovered by deep learning methodology: deep neural networks seem to predict well, even with a perfect fit to noisy training data. Motivated by this phenomenon, we consider when a perfect fit to training data in linear regression is compatible with accurate prediction. We give a characterizatio

Michael Zevin, Kyle Kremer, Daniel M. Siegel, Scott Coughlin

Star-to-star dispersion of r-process elements has been observed in a significant number of old, metal-poor globular clusters. We investigate early-time neutron-star mergers as the mechanism for this enrichment. Through both numerical modeling and analytical arguments, we show that neutron-star mergers cannot be induced through dynamical interactions early in

Xiang Lisa Li, Dingquan Wang, Jason Eisner

Treebanks traditionally treat punctuation marks as ordinary words, but linguists have suggested that a tree's "true" punctuation marks are not observed (Nunberg, 1990). These latent "underlying" marks serve to delimit or separate constituents in the syntax tree. When the tree's yield is rendered as a written sentence, a string rewriting mechanism transduces

Junichiro Kawamura, Stuart Raby, Andreas Trautner

We consider the Standard Model (SM) with the addition of a $\mathrm{U(1)^\prime}$ gauge symmetry and a complete fourth family of quarks and leptons which are vector-like with respect to the full $\mathrm{SU(3)_C}\times \mathrm{SU(2)_L} \times \mathrm{U(1)_Y}\times \mathrm{U(1)^\prime}$ gauge symmetry. The model provides a unified explanation of experimental

Kotomi Taniguchi, Eric Herbst, Paola Caselli, Alec Paulive

Recent radio astronomical observations have revealed that HC$_{5}$N, the second shortest cyanopolyyne (HC$_{2n+1}$N), is abundant around some massive young stellar objects (MYSOs), which is not predicted by classical carbon-chain chemistry. For example, the observed HC$_{5}$N abundance toward the G28.28$-$0.36 MYSO is higher than that in L1527, which is one

Sinan G. Aksoy, Cliff Joslyn, Carlos Ortiz Marrero, Brenda Praggastis

We propose high-order hypergraph walks as a framework to generalize graph-based network science techniques to hypergraphs. Edge incidence in hypergraphs is quantitative, yielding hypergraph walks with both length and width. Graph methods which then generalize to hypergraphs include connected component analyses, graph distance-based metrics such as closeness

Christine Bessenrodt, Alexandre Zalesski

The paper is concerned with the character theory of finite groups of Lie type. The irreducible characters of a group $G$ of Lie type are partitioned in Lusztig series. We provide a simple formula for an upper bound of the maximal size of a Lusztig series for classical groups with connected center; this is expressed for each group $G$ in terms of its Lie rank

Abdul Malmi-Kakkada, Xin Li, Sumit Sinha, D. Thirumalai

It is known that mechanical interactions couple a cell to its neighbors, enabling a feedback loop to regulate tissue growth. However, the interplay between cell-cell adhesion strength, local cell density and force fluctuations in regulating cell proliferation is poorly understood. Here, we show that spatial variations in the tumor growth rates, which depend

Xinran Li, Peng Ding

Randomization is a basis for the statistical inference of treatment effects without strong assumptions on the outcome-generating process. Appropriately using covariates further yields more precise estimators in randomized experiments. R. A. Fisher suggested blocking on discrete covariates in the design stage or conducting analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) in t

Augusto Villa-Monte, Laura Lanzarini, Aurelio F. Bariviera, José A. Olivas

Automatic text summarization tools have a great impact on many fields, such as medicine, law, and scientific research in general. As information overload increases, automatic summaries allow handling the growing volume of documents, usually by assigning weights to the extracted phrases based on their significance in the expected summary. Obtaining the main c

Tiancheng Yu, Xiyu Zhai, Suvrit Sra

The performance of a machine learning system is usually evaluated by using i.i.d.\ observations with true labels. However, acquiring ground truth labels is expensive, while obtaining unlabeled samples may be cheaper. Stratified sampling can be beneficial in such settings and can reduce the number of true labels required without compromising the evaluation ac

AbdelRahman Abdou, Paul C. van Oorschot

In this article, we provide a summary of recent efforts towards achieving Internet geolocation securely, \ie without allowing the entity being geolocated to cheat about its own geographic location. Cheating motivations arise from many factors, including impersonation (in the case locations are used to reinforce authentication), and gaining location-dependent

S. Hadi Badri, H. Rasooli Saghai, Hadi Soofi

Reducing the bending radius of low-index contrast waveguides is essential in reducing the size of the integrated optical components. A polymeric multimode waveguide bend is presented based on the Eaton lens. The ray-tracing calculations are utilized to truncate the Eaton lens in order to improve the performance of the bend. The truncation of the lens decreas

Shameem A Puthiya Parambath

We analyze different re-ranking algorithms for diversification and show that majority of them are based on maximizing submodular/modular functions from the class of parameterized concave/linear over modular functions. We study the optimality of such algorithms in terms of the `total curvature'. We also show that by adjusting the hyperparameter of the concave

Md Sabir Ali, Sushant G Ghosh

We analyze thermodynamic properties of the rotating regular black holes having mass ($M$), angular momentum ($a$), and a magnetic charge $(g)$, and encompass Kerr black hole ($g=0$). The mass $M$ has a minimum at the radius $r_+=r_+^{\star}$, where both the heat capacity and temperature vanish. The thermal phase transition is because of the divergence of hea

Christopher V. Cappiello, John F. Beacom

The non-detection of GeV-scale WIMPs has led to increased interest in more general candidates, including sub-GeV dark matter. Direct detection experiments, despite their high sensitivity to WIMPs, are largely blind to sub-GeV dark matter. Recent work has shown that cosmic-ray elastic scattering with sub-GeV dark matter would both alter the observed cosmic ra

Andrew Elkins, Felipe F. Freitas, Veronica Sanz

In this paper we present our work to improve access to diagnosis in remote areas where good quality medical services may be lacking. We develop new Machine Learning methodologies for deployment onto mobile devices to help the early diagnosis of a number of life-threatening conditions using X-ray images. By using the latest developments in fast and portable A

Christopher P. Herzog, Itamar Shamir

The presence of a boundary (or defect) in a conformal field theory allows one to generalize the notion of an exactly marginal deformation. Without a boundary, one must find an operator of protected scaling dimension $\Delta$ equal to the space-time dimension $d$ of the conformal field theory, while with a boundary, as long as the operator dimension is protec

Álvaro M. Alhambra, Jonathon Riddell, Luis Pedro García-Pintos

We give rigorous analytical results on the temporal behavior of two-point correlation functions --also known as dynamical response functions or Green's functions-- in closed many-body quantum systems. We show that in a large class of translation-invariant models the correlation functions factorize at late times $\langle A(t) B\rangle_\beta \rightarrow \langl

Zijian Xiong, Dao-Xin Yao, Zhongbo Yan

The presence of nonanalyticity in observables is a manifestation of phase transitions. Through the study of two paradigmatic topological models in one and two dimensions, in this work we show that the circuit complexity based on our specific quantification can reveal the occurrence of topological phase transitions, both in and out of equilibrium, by the pres

Fatemeh Kazemi, Esmaeil Karimi, Anoosheh Heidarzadeh, Alex Sprintson

In this paper, we consider the multi-server setting of Private Information Retrieval with Private Coded Side Information (PIR-PCSI) problem. In this problem, there is a database of $K$ messages whose copies are replicated across $N$ servers, and there is a user who knows a random linear combination of a random subset of $M$ messages in the database as side i

Yigal Meir, Ady Stern

Laffont et al. [Science 363, 54-57 (2019)] report an upstream current in the nu=2/3 quantum Hall regime, which, they claim, might be due to a counter-propagating charge mode. We show that this observation can also be explained by the expected upstream neutral mode, without the need for an upstream charge mode. Our results agree with the observed data and exp

The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration

We present measurements of the properties of the central radio source in M87 using Event Horizon Telescope data obtained during the 2017 campaign. We develop and fit geometric crescent models (asymmetric rings with interior brightness depressions) using two independent sampling algorithms that consider distinct representations of the visibility data. We show

The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has mapped the central compact radio source of the elliptical galaxy M87 at 1.3 mm with unprecedented angular resolution. Here we consider the physical implications of the asymmetric ring seen in the 2017 EHT data. To this end, we construct a large library of models based on general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) s

The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration

We present the first Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) images of M87, using observations from April 2017 at 1.3 mm wavelength. These images show a prominent ring with a diameter of ~40 micro-as, consistent with the size and shape of the lensed photon orbit encircling the "shadow" of a supermassive black hole. The ring is persistent across four observing nights a

The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration

We present the calibration and reduction of Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) 1.3mm radio wavelength observations of the supermassive black hole candidate at the center of the radio galaxy M87 and the quasar 3C 279, taken during the 2017 April 5-11 observing campaign. These global very long baseline interferometric observations include for the first time the hig

The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) is a very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) array that comprises millimeter- and submillimeter-wavelength telescopes separated by distances comparable to the diameter of the Earth. At a nominal operating wavelength of ~1.3 mm, EHT angular resolution (lambda/D) is ~25 micro-as, which is sufficient to resolve nearby supermas

The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration

When surrounded by a transparent emission region, black holes are expected to reveal a dark shadow caused by gravitational light bending and photon capture at the event horizon. To image and study this phenomenon, we have assembled the Event Horizon Telescope, a global very long baseline interferometry array observing at a wavelength of 1.3 mm. This allows u

Panagiotis Koutsomitopoulos, Reese S. Lance, S. A. Yadavalli, R. D. Hazeltine

Lie-symmetry methods are used to determine the symmetry group of reduced magnetohydrodynamics. This group allows for arbitrary, continuous transformations of the fields themselves, along with space-time transformations. The derivation reveals, in addition to the predictable translation and rotation groups, some unexpected symmetries. It also uncovers novel,

Anjana M Samarakoon, Kipton Barros, Ying Wai Li, Markus Eisenbach

Complex behavior poses challenges in extracting models from experiment. An example is spin liquid formation in frustrated magnets like Dy$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$. Understanding has been hindered by issues including disorder, glass formation, and interpretation of scattering data. Here, we use a novel automated capability to extract model Hamiltonians from data, and t

María E. Martínez

We consider the long time asymptotics of (not necessarily small) odd solutions to the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation with semi-linear and nonlocal Hartree nonlinearities, in one dimension of space. We assume data in the energy space $H^1(\mathbb{R})$ only, and we prove decay to zero in compact regions of space as time tends to infinity. We give three diffe

Chris Reetz, Ran Fischer, Gabriel G. T. Assumpcao, Dylan P. McNally

We present techniques to model and design membrane phononic crystals with low-mass defects, optimized for force sensing. Further, we identify the importance of the phononic crystal mass contrast as it pertains to the size of acoustic bandgaps and to the dissipation properties of defect modes. In particular, we quantify the tradeoff between high mass contrast

S. W. Mangham, C. Knigge, P. Williams, Keith Horne

Reverberation mapping (RM) is a powerful approach for determining the nature of the broad-line region (BLR) in active galactic nuclei. However, inferring physical BLR properties from an observed spectroscopic time series is a difficult inverse problem. Here, we present a blind test of two widely used RM methods: MEMEcho (developed by Horne) and CARAMEL (deve

Colin DeGraf, Debora Sijacki

We study how statistical properties of supermassive black holes depend on the frequency and conditions for massive seed formation in cosmological simulations of structure formation. We develop a novel method to recalculate detailed growth histories and merger trees of black holes within the framework of the Illustris simulation for several seed formation mod

Jordan Bernigaud, Ivo de Medeiros Varzielas, Jim Talbert

We employ a bottom-up and model-independent technique to search for non-Abelian discrete flavour symmetries capable of predicting viable CKM and PMNS matrices alongside of special patterns of leptoquark couplings. In particular, we analyze patterns derived when an ultra-violet flavour theory is assumed to break to global Abelian symmetries in Standard Model

Shankha Banerjee, Fawzi Boudjema, Nabarun Chakrabarty, Guillaume Chalons

A full renormalisation of the Inert Doublet Model (IDM) is presented and exploited for a precise calculation of the relic density of Dark Matter (DM) at one-loop. In this first paper, we study the case of a DM candidate with $m_{\rm DM} \sim 500$ GeV. In this regime, the co-annihilation channels are important. We therefore compute, for a wide range of relati

S. Rappaport, A. Vanderburg, M. H. Kristiansen, M. R. Omohundro

We have identified a star, EPIC 249706694 (HD 139139), that was observed during K2 Campaign 15 with the Kepler extended mission that appears to exhibit 28 transit-like events over the course of the 87-day observation. The unusual aspect of these dips, all but two of which have depths of $200 \pm 80$ ppm, is that they exhibit no periodicity, and their arrival

Anastasiia Skurativska, Titus Neupert, Mark H Fischer

Symmetry indicators have proven to be extremely helpful in identifying topologically non-trivial crystalline insulators using symmetry-group representations of their Bloch states. An extension of this approach to superconducting systems requires defining an appropriate atomic limit for Bogoliubov-de-Gennes Hamiltonians. Here, we introduce such a notion of at

G. J. Baxter, R. A. da Costa, S. N. Dorogovtsev, J. F. F. Mendes

In filtering, each output is produced by a certain number of different inputs. We explore the statistics of this degeneracy in an explicitly treatable filtering problem in which filtering performs the maximal compression of relevant information contained in inputs (arrays of zeroes and ones). This problem serves as a reference model for the statistics of fil

Sascha Diefenbacher, Hermann Frost, Gregor Kasieczka, Tilman Plehn

Capsule networks are ideal tools to combine event-level and subjet information at the LHC. After benchmarking our capsule network against standard convolutional networks, we show how multi-class capsules extract a resonance decaying to top quarks from both, QCD di-jet and the top continuum backgrounds. We then show how its results can be easily interpreted.

Patrick Bethke, Robert P. G. McNeil, Julian Ritzmann, Tim Botzem

Decoherence of a quantum system arising from its interaction with an environment is a key concept for understanding the transition between the quantum and classical world as well as performance limitations in quantum technology applications. The effects of large, weakly coupled environments are often described as a classical, fluctuating field whose dynamics