September 2019 arXiv papers — page 36

Ziv Meir, Mudit Sinhal, Marianna S. Safronova, Stefan Willitsch

We report a precise determination of the lifetime of the (4p)$^2$P$_{3/2}$ state of $^{40}$Ca$^+$, $\tau_{\textrm{P}_{3/2}}=6.639(42)$ ns, using a combination of measurements of the induced light shift and scattering rate on a single trapped ion. Good agreement with the result of a recent high-level theoretical calculation, $6.69(6)$ ns [Safronova et al., PR

Madhurima Chakraborty, Sovan Chakraborty

Self induced neutrino flavor conversions in the dense regions of stellar core collapse are almost exclusively studied in the standard two flavor scenario. Linear stability analysis has been successfully used to understand these flavor conversions. This is the first linearized study of $\textit{three flavor}$ fast instabilities. The `fast' conversions are fas

M. Tokieda, K. Hagino

To investigate a system coupled to a harmonic oscillator bath, we propose a new approach based on a phonon number representation of the bath. Compared to the method of the hierarchical equations of motion, the new approach is computationally much less expensive in a sense that a reduced density matrix is obtained by calculating the time evolution of vectors,

Mike Lampton

Here I argue that the much-discussed Doomsday Argument (DA) has two flaws. Its mathematical flaw stems from applying frequentist probability or faulty Bayesian inference. Its conceptual flaw is assuming that Copernican uniformity applies to a collection of ranked people and their ideas. I conclude that the DA has no predictive power whatsoever.

Zhaowei Liu, Andrew McBride, Prashant Saxena, Paul Steinmann

An isogeometric approach for solving the Laplace-Beltrami equation on a two-dimensional manifold embedded in three-dimensional space using a Galerkin method based on Catmull-Clark subdivision surfaces is presented and assessed. The scalar-valued Laplace-Beltrami equation requires only C0 continuity and is adopted to elucidate key features and properties of t

Tomi Koivisto, Manuel Hohmann, Luca Marzola

A theory of gravity is deduced from the axioms of the premetric program. The starting point is the conservation of energy and momenta, and the equivalence of gravitation and inertia. The latter is what leads to the framework of the so called purified gravity. The local and linear constitutive relation has 14 components when it is assumed to be metrical, but

Miguel Couceiro, Jimmy Devillet, Jean-Luc Marichal, Pierre Mathonet

Let $X$ be a nonempty set. Denote by $\mathcal{F}^n_k$ the class of associative operations $F\colon X^n\to X$ satisfying the condition $F(x_1,\ldots,x_n)\in\{x_1,\ldots,x_n\}$ whenever at least $k$ of the elements $x_1,\ldots,x_n$ are equal to each other. The elements of $\mathcal{F}^n_1$ are said to be quasitrivial and those of $\mathcal{F}^n_n$ are said to

M. Van de Sande, C. Walsh, T. P. Mangan, L. Decin

Chemical modelling of AGB outflows is typically focused on either non-thermodynamic equilibrium chemistry in the inner region or photon-driven chemistry in the outer region. We include, for the first time, a comprehensive dust-gas chemistry in our AGB outflow chemical kinetics model, including both dust-gas interactions and grain-surface chemistry. The dust

Maxim Lyutikov

We build a model of radius-to-frequency mapping in magnetospheres of neutron stars and apply it to frequency drifts observed in Fast Radio Bursts. We assume that an emission patch propagates along the dipolar magnetic field lines producing coherent emission with frequency, direction and polarization defined by the local magnetic field. The observed temporal

Janet Rafner, Zoran Grujić, Christian Bach, Jakob Andreas Bærentzen

The question of whether a singularity can form in an initially regular flow, described by the 3D incompressible Navier-Stokes (NS) equations, is a fundamental problem in mathematical physics. The NS regularity problem is super-critical, i.e., there is a 'scaling gap' between what can be established by mathematical analysis and what is needed to rule out a si

Julianne Vega

A $2$-matching complex is a simplicial complex which captures the relationship between $2$-matchings of a graph. In this paper, we will use discrete Morse Theory and the Matching Tree Algorithm to prove homotopical results. We will consider a class of graphs for which the homotopy type of the $2$-matching complex transforms from a sphere to a point with the

John-Antonio Argyriadis, Yang-Hui He, Vishnu Jejjala, Djordje Minic

We study the dynamics of genetic code evolution. The model of Vetsigian et al. [1] and Vetsigian [2] uses the mechanism of horizontal gene transfer to demonstrate convergence of the genetic code to a near universal solution. We reproduce and analyze the algorithm as a dynamical system. All the parameters used in the model are varied to assess their impact on

Ginevra Buratti, Kurt Lechner, Luca Melotti

There exists no natural variational principle for the dynamics of abelian p-form potentials with self-dual field strengths, also called chiral p-forms. Relying on the PST method, we establish the general consistency condition for a Lagrangian to describe a Lorentz invariant self-interacting chiral 2n-form in 4n+2 dimensions. For a generic n, we determine a c

Milad Shafiee, Giulio Romualdi, Stefano Dafarra, Francisco Javier Andrade Chavez

We present a computationally efficient method for online planning of bipedal walking trajectories with push recovery. In particular, the proposed methodology fits control architectures where the Divergent-Component-of-Motion (DCM) is planned beforehand, and adds a step adapter to adjust the planned trajectories and achieve push recovery. Assuming that the ro

Li Chen, Bin Liu, Gang Xu, Xin Liu

We theoretically study the lattice distortion induced first and second order topological phase transition in rectangular FeSe$_{x}$Te$_{1-x}$ monolayer. When compressing the lattice constant in one direction, our first principles calculation shows that the FeSe$_x$Te$_{1-x}$ undergoes a band inversion at $\Gamma$ point in a wide dopping range, say $x\in(0.0,

Y. M. P. Gomes, P. C. Malta, M. J. Neves

In this work we introduce CPT-odd non-minimal Lorentz-symmetry violating couplings to the electroweak sector modifying the interaction between leptons and gauge bosons. The vertex rules allow us to calculate tree-level processes modified by the presence of the novel dimension-five operators. For definitiveness, we investigate the $W$ decay into a lepton-neut

Pin-Ju Tsai, Yan-Cheng Wei, Bo-Han Wu, Sheng-Xiang Lin

We present a theoretical study on the efficiency variation of coherent light conversion based on optical memories using the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) protocol in an atomic system with degenerate Zeeman states. Based on the Maxwell-Bloch equation, we obtain an approximate analytic solution for the converted light pulses which clarifies th

Xing-Yu Ma, James P. Lewis, Qing-Bo Yan, Gang Su

Traditional trial-and-error methods are obstacles for large-scale searching of new optoelectronic materials. Here, we introduce a method combining high-throughput ab initio calculations and machine-learning approaches to predict two-dimensional octahedral oxyhalides with improved optoelectronic properties. We develop an effective machine-learning model based

Bart Olsthoorn, Alexander V. Balatsky

We study the mass fluctuations in gapped Dirac materials by treating the mass-term as both a continuous and discrete random variable. Gapped Dirac materials were proposed to be used as materials for Dark matter sensors. One thus would need to estimate the role of disorder and fluctuations on the interband absorption of dark matter. We find that both continuo

T. Giannini, B. Nisini, S. Antoniucci, K. Biazzo

The mechanism for jet formation in the disks of T Tauri stars is poorly understood. Observational benchmarks to launching models can be provided by tracing the physical properties of the kinematic components of the wind and jet in the inner 100 au of the disk surface. In the framework of the GHOsT (GIARPS High-resolution Observations of T Tauri stars) projec

Daniel Rueckert, Julia A. Schnabel

Model-based approaches for image reconstruction, analysis and interpretation have made significant progress over the last decades. Many of these approaches are based on either mathematical, physical or biological models. A challenge for these approaches is the modelling of the underlying processes (e.g. the physics of image acquisition or the patho-physiolog

Matteo Migliorini, Riccardo Castellotti, Luca Canali, Marco Zanetti

The effective utilization at scale of complex machine learning (ML) techniques for HEP use cases poses several technological challenges, most importantly on the actual implementation of dedicated end-to-end data pipelines. A solution to these challenges is presented, which allows training neural network classifiers using solutions from the Big Data and data

Christian Lange, Christoph Zwickler

We prove the existence of a nonconstant closed geodesic on every odd-dimensional compact Riemannian orbifold and on every connected, noncontractible Riemannian manifold that admits a cocompact, isometric group action. We deduce new restrictions on a compact Riemannian orbifold without such a geodesic; in particular, its orbifold fundamental group is a ration

Hehui Zheng, Jacopo Panerati, Giovanni Beltrame, Amanda Prorok

Privacy is an important facet of defence against adversaries. In this letter, we introduce the problem of private flocking. We consider a team of mobile robots flocking in the presence of an adversary, who is able to observe all robots' trajectories, and who is interested in identifying the leader. We present a method that generates private flocking controll

N. N. Avdeev, R. E. Zvolinsky, E. A. Momot

We give an attempt to build a classification of planar integral point sets. For two obtained classes, we provide general constructions of upper bounds for minimal diameter of integral point sets in higher dimensions of certain cardinality. Employing machine search, we give the examples of planar integral point sets to build such bounds.

Paul Creutz, Elefterios Soultanis

We find maximal representatives within equivalence classes of metric spheres. For Ahlfors regular spheres these are uniquely characterized by satisfying the seemingly unrelated notions of Sobolev-to-Lipschitz property, or volume rigidity. We also apply our construction to solutions of the Plateau problem in metric spaces and obtain a variant of the associate

M. S. Lukashov, Yu. A. Simonov

The Chiral Confining Lagrangian, based on the chiral theory with quark degrees of freedom, is used to study the spectroscopy of scalar mesons. The formalism does not contain arbitrary fitting parameters and takes into account infinite number of transitions from meson-meson to quark-antiquark states. Starting from known $q\bar q$ poles the transition coeffici

Adam Griffin, Sergey Nazarenko, Davide Proment

We analyse the formation and the dynamics of quantum turbulence in a two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate with a Josephson junction barrier modelled using the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We show that a sufficiently high initial superfluid density imbalance leads to randomisation of the dynamics and generation of turbulence, namely, the formation of a quas

Lam Hui, Daniel Kabat, Sam S. C. Wong

Quasinormal modes describe the return to equilibrium of a perturbed system, in particular the ringdown phase of a black hole merger. But as globally-defined quantities, the quasinormal spectrum can be highly sensitive to global structure, including distant small perturbations to the potential. In what sense are quasinormal modes a property of the resulting b

Theodora Kolioni, Charis Anastopoulos

We study the system of two localized detectors (oscillators) interacting through a massless quantum field in a vacuum state via an Unruh-DeWitt coupling. This system admits an exact solution providing a good model for addressing fundamental issues in particle-field interactions, causality and locality in quantum field measurements that are relevant to propos

Tommaso Lisini Baldi, Francesco Farina, Andrea Garulli, Antonio Giannitrapani

Estimating the limbs pose in a wearable way may benefit multiple areas such as rehabilitation, teleoperation, human-robot interaction, gaming, and many more. Several solutions are commercially available, but they are usually expensive or not wearable/portable. We present a wearable pose estimation system (WePosE), based on inertial measurements units (IMUs),

Oğul Esen, Mahmut Kudeyt, Serkan Sütlü

We observe that the iterated tangent group of a Lie group may be realized as a double cross product of the 2nd order tangent group, with the Lie algebra of the base Lie group. Based on this observation, we derive the 2nd order Euler-Lagrange equations on the 2nd order tangent group from the 1st order Euler-Lagrange equations on the iterated tangent group. We

Mohammed Afsar, Adrian Sescu, Vasileios Sassanis

Noise measurements of heated axisymmetric jets at fixed supersonic acoustic Mach number indicate that the acoustic spectrum reduces when the temperature ratio increases. The `spectral quietening' effect has been observed both experimentally and computationally using Large Eddy Simulations (LES). It was explained by Afsar {\it et al}. (M. Z. Afsar and M. E. G

Rui Xu, Junjie Zhao, Lijing Shao

Tiny violation of Lorentz invariance has been the subject of theoretic study and experimental test for a long time. We use the Standard-Model Extension (SME) framework to investigate the effect of the minimal Lorentz violation on the structure of a neutron star. A set of hydrostatic equations with modifications from Lorentz violation are derived, and then th

Nic Velissaris, Jessica Rivera-Villicana

In this paper, we present a new modality for intelligent interactive narratives within the theatre domain. We discuss the possibilities of using an intelligent agent that serves as a drama manager and as an actor that plays a character within the live theatre experience. We pose a set of research challenges that arise from our analysis towards the implementa

Clara J. Lapp, Georg Börner, Carsten Timm

Superconductors involving electrons with internal degrees of freedom beyond spin can have internally anisotropic pairing states that are impossible in single-band superconductors. As a case in point, in even-parity multiband superconductors that break time-reversal symmetry, nodes of the superconducting gap are generically inflated into two-dimensional Bogol

Artem Musiienko, Jindrich Pipek, Petr Praus, Mykola Brynza

Organometallic halide perovskites (OMHPs) have undergone remarkable developments as highly efficient optoelectronic materials for a variety of applications. Several studies indicated the critical role of defects on the performance of OMHP devices. Yet, the parameters of defects and their interplay with free charge carriers remain unclear. In this study we ex

Boris Knyazev, Carolyn Augusta, Graham W. Taylor

Reasoning about graphs evolving over time is a challenging concept in many domains, such as bioinformatics, physics, and social networks. We consider a common case in which edges can be short term interactions (e.g., messaging) or long term structural connections (e.g., friendship). In practice, long term edges are often specified by humans. Human-specified

Kai Liu, Wei Luo, Junyi Ji, Paolo Barone

The Dresselhaus and Rashba effects are well-known phenomena in solid-state physics, in which spin-orbit coupling (SOC) splits spin-up and spin-down energy bands of nonmagnetic non-centrosymmetric crystals. Here, we discover a new phenomenon, dubbed as band splitting with vanishing spin polarizations (BSVSP), in which, as usual, SOC splits the energy bands in

Rahim Entezari, Olga Saukh

Today's deep neural networks require substantial computation resources for their training, storage, and inference, which limits their effective use on resource-constrained devices. Many recent research activities explore different options for compressing and optimizing deep models. On the one hand, in many real-world applications, we face the data imbalance

Alexandra Carlson, Ram Vasudevan, Matthew Johnson-Roberson

Illumination effects in images, specifically cast shadows and shading, have been shown to decrease the performance of deep neural networks on a large number of vision-based detection, recognition and segmentation tasks in urban driving scenes. A key factor that contributes to this performance gap is the lack of `time-of-day' diversity within real, labele

Lucia Baldauf, Erin G. Teich, Peter Schall, Greg van Anders

Creating materials with structure that is independently controllable at a range of scales requires breaking naturally occurring hierarchies. Breaking these hierarchies can be achieved via the decoupling of building block attributes from structure during assembly. Here, we demonstrate both geometric and interaction decoupling in pre-assembled colloidal struct

Zhen-Liang Ni, Gui-Bin Bian, Xiao-Hu Zhou, Zeng-Guang Hou

Semantic segmentation of surgical instruments plays a crucial role in robot-assisted surgery. However, accurate segmentation of cataract surgical instruments is still a challenge due to specular reflection and class imbalance issues. In this paper, an attention-guided network is proposed to segment the cataract surgical instrument. A new attention module is

Aditi Sahoo, Dipten Bhattacharya, P. K. Mohanty

Magnetic nanostructures are often considered as highly functional materials because they exhibit unusual magnetic properties under different external conditions. We study the effect of surface pinning on the core-shell magnetic nanostuctures of different shapes and sizes considering the spin-interaction to be Ising-like. We explore the hysteresis properties

Raúl A. Briceño, Maxwell T. Hansen, Andrew W. Jackura

Recently, a framework has been developed to study form factors of two-hadron states probed by an external current. The method is based on relating finite-volume matrix elements, computed using numerical lattice QCD, to the corresponding infinite-volume observables. As the formalism is complicated, it is important to provide non-trivial checks on the final re

Alessandra Cipriani, Biltu Dan, Rajat Subhra Hazra

We consider a semiflexible polymer in $\mathbb Z^d$ which is a random interface model with a mixed gradient and Laplacian interaction. The strength of the two operators is governed by two parameters called lateral tension and bending rigidity, which might depend on the size of the graph. In this article we show a phase transition in the scaling limit accordi

Jacob McNamara, Cumrun Vafa

We argue that any proposed quantum theory of gravity with non-trivial cobordism classes in the space of configurations belongs to the Swampland. The argument is based on the assumption that there are no global symmetries in a consistent theory of quantum gravity. The triviality of the cobordism classes requires the existence of certain stringy defects that t

Luca Cassia, Rebecca Lodin, Aleksandr Popolitov, Maxim Zabzine

Using the ideas from the BPS/CFT correspondence, we give an explicit recursive formula for computing supersymmetric Wilson loop averages in 3d $\mathcal{N}=2$ Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons $U(N)$ theory on the squashed sphere $S^3_b$ with one adjoint chiral and two antichiral fundamental multiplets, for specific values of Chern-Simons level $\kappa_2$ and Fayet-Il

Xiaoqi Jiao, Yichun Yin, Lifeng Shang, Xin Jiang

Language model pre-training, such as BERT, has significantly improved the performances of many natural language processing tasks. However, pre-trained language models are usually computationally expensive, so it is difficult to efficiently execute them on resource-restricted devices. To accelerate inference and reduce model size while maintaining accuracy, w

Zhaoyu Fei, H. T. Quan

Usually the calculation of work distributions in an arbitrary nonequilibrium process in a quantum system, especially in a quantum many-body system is extremely cumbersome. For all quantum systems described by quadratic Hamiltonians, we invent a universal method for solving the work distribution of quantum systems in an arbitrary driving process by utilizing

Filip Brzęk, Katharina Boguslawski, Paweł Tecmer, Piotr S. Żuchowski

In this paper, we scrutinize the ability of seniority-zero wavefunction-based methods to model different types of non-covalent interactions, such as hydrogen bonds, dispersion, and mixed non-covalent interactions as well as prototypical model systems with various contributions of dynamic and static electron correlation effects. Specifically, we focus on the

Luz E. González, John E. Ordoñez, Carlos A. Melo-Luna, Evelyn Mendoza

Emergent technologies that make use of novel materials and quantum properties of light states are at the forefront in the race for the physical implementation, encoding and transmission of information. Photonic crystals (PCs) enter this paradigm with optical materials that allow the control of light propagation and can be used for optical communication, and

Jian-Ping Lv, Wanwan Xu, Yanan Sun, Kun Chen

Logarithmic finite-size scaling of the O($n$) universality class at the upper critical dimensionality ($d_c=4$) has a fundamental role in statistical and condensed-matter physics and important applications in various experimental systems. Here, we address this long-standing problem in the context of the $n$-vector model ($n=1, 2, 3$) on periodic four-dimensi

Jeong San Kim

We characterize the polygamy nature of quantum entanglement in multi-party systems in terms of $q$-expectation value for the full range of $q\geq 1$. By investigating some properties of generalized quantum correlations in terms of $q$-expectation value and Tsallis $q$-entropy, we establish a class of polygamy inequalities of multi-party quantum entanglement

Ksh. Newton Singh, Farook Rahaman, Ayan Banerjee

We present a physically plausible solution representing Einstein's cluster mimicking the behaviors of compact star in the context of teleparallel equivalent of general relativity. The Teleparallel gravity (TEGR) is an alternative formulation of gravity which uses tetrads as the dynamical variables. We focus on two particularly interesting scenarios. First, w

Leonid V. Kovalev, Xuerui Yang

The range of a trigonometric polynomial with complex coefficients can be interpreted as the image of the unit circle under a Laurent polynomial. We show that this range is contained in a real algebraic subset of the complex plane. Although the containment may be proper, the difference between the two sets is finite, except for polynomials with certain symmet

Gideon Kowadlo, Abdelrahman Ahmed, David Rawlinson

The majority of ML research concerns slow, statistical learning of i.i.d. samples from large, labelled datasets. Animals do not learn this way. An enviable characteristic of animal learning is `episodic' learning - the ability to memorise a specific experience as a composition of existing concepts, after just one experience, without provided labels. The new

Nicola Abatangelo, Xavier Ros-Oton

We study the higher regularity of free boundaries in obstacle problems for integro-differential operators. Our main result establishes that, once free boundaries are $C^{1,\alpha}$, then they are $C^\infty$. This completes the study of regular points, initiated in [5]. In order to achieve this, we need to establish optimal boundary regularity estimates for s

Min-Fong Yang

Understanding correlation effects in topological phases of matter is at the forefront of current research in condensed matter physics. Here we try to clarify some subtleties in studying topological behaviors of interacting Weyl semimetals. It is well-known that there exist two topological invariants defined to identify their topological character. One is the

Sarit Khirirat, Sindri Magnússon, Mikael Johansson

The emergence of big data has caused a dramatic shift in the operating regime for optimization algorithms. The performance bottleneck, which used to be computations, is now often communications. Several gradient compression techniques have been proposed to reduce the communication load at the price of a loss in solution accuracy. Recently, it has been shown

Zhiwei Guo, Haitao Jiang, Hong Chen

Manipulating the property of iso-frequency contour (IFC) will provide a powerful control for the interaction between light and matter. Importantly, hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs), a class of artificial anisotropic materials with hyperbolic IFC have been intensively investigated. Because of the open dispersion curves, HMMs support propagating high-k modes an

Siddharth Bhandari, Sayantan Chakraborty

We present a randomized algorithm that takes as input an undirected $n$-vertex graph $G$ with maximum degree $\Delta$ and an integer $k > 3\Delta$, and returns a random proper $k$-coloring of $G$. The distribution of the coloring is \emph{perfectly} uniform over the set of all proper $k$-colorings; the expected running time of the algorithm is $\mathrm{poly}

Rajibul Shaikh, Pankaj S. Joshi

We study here images of thin accretion disks around black holes and two classes of naked singularity spacetimes and compare these scenarios. The naked singularity models which have photon spheres have single accretion disk with its inner edge lying outside the photon sphere. The images and shadows created by these models mimic those of black holes. It follow

Tuomas A. Puurtinen, Karwan Rostem, Pieter J. de Visser, Ilari J. Maasilta

A nanoscale phononic crystal filter (reflector) is designed for a kinetic inductance detector where the reflection band is matched to the quasiparticle recombination phonons with the aim to increase quasiparticle lifetime in the superconducting resonator. The inductor is enclosed by a 1 um wide phononic crystal membrane section with two simple hole patterns

Sebastian Knappe, Gerd Rudolph, Matthias Schmidt

We consider Kaehler quantized models whose underlying classical phase space has a stratified structure induced from the Hamiltonian action of a compact Lie group. We show how to implement the classical stratification on the level of the C*-algebra of observables and discuss the relation to the costratification (in the sense of Huebschmann) of the physical Hi

Soroush Seifi, Tinne Tuytelaars

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and transfer learning have recently been used for 6 degrees of freedom (6-DoF) camera pose estimation. While they do not reach the same accuracy as visual SLAM-based approaches and are restricted to a specific environment, they excel in robustness and can be applied even to a single image. In this paper, we study PoseNet

Mihai Zanfir, Elisabeta Oneata, Alin-Ionut Popa, Andrei Zanfir

Generating good quality and geometrically plausible synthetic images of humans with the ability to control appearance, pose and shape parameters, has become increasingly important for a variety of tasks ranging from photo editing, fashion virtual try-on, to special effects and image compression. In this paper, we propose HUSC, a HUman Synthesis and Scene Com

Joe Pallister

We consider frieze sequences corresponding to sequences of cluster mutations for affine D and E type quivers. We show that the cluster variables satisfy linear recurrences with periodic coefficients, which imply the constant coefficient relations found by Keller and Scherotzke. Viewing the frieze sequence as a discrete dynamical system, we reduce it to a sym

Amine Djerghri, Ahmed Rachid Hazourli, Alice Othmani

Emotional Intelligence in Human-Computer Interaction has attracted increasing attention from researchers in multidisciplinary research fields including psychology, computer vision, neuroscience, artificial intelligence, and related disciplines. Human prone to naturally interact with computers face-to-face. Human Expressions is an important key to better link

Soroush Seifi, Tinne Tuytelaars

We address the problem of active visual exploration of large 360{\deg} inputs. In our setting an active agent with a limited camera bandwidth explores its 360{\deg} environment by changing its viewing direction at limited discrete time steps. As such, it observes the world as a sequence of narrow field-of-view 'glimpses', deciding for itself where to look ne

Nai-Hui Chia, Kai-Min Chung, Ching-Yi Lai

Near-term quantum computers are likely to have small depths due to short coherence time and noisy gates, and thus a potential way to use these quantum devices is using a hybrid scheme that interleaves them with classical computers. For example, the quantum Fourier transform can be implemented by a hybrid of logarithmic-depth quantum circuits and a classical

J. Zeisner, O. Pilone, L. Soriano, G. Gerbaud

We studied the magnetic properties, in particular dynamics, of the correlated spins associated with natural defects in the organic spin chain compounds ($o$-DMTTF)$_2X$ ($X$ = Br, Cl) by means of electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. Both materials exhibit spin-Peierls transitions at temperatures around 50 K [P. Foury-Leylekian et al. Phys. Rev. B 84,

Jérôme Bolte, Edouard Pauwels

Modern problems in AI or in numerical analysis require nonsmooth approaches with a flexible calculus. We introduce generalized derivatives called conservative fields for which we develop a calculus and provide representation formulas. Functions having a conservative field are called path differentiable: convex, concave, Clarke regular and any semialgebraic L

Marina Pons, Bruno Juliá-Díaz, Arnau Rios, Isaac Vidaña

We present a simple derivation of the Hellmann-Feynman theorem at finite temperature. We illustrate its validity by considering three relevant examples which can be used in quantum mechanics lectures: the one-dimensional harmonic oscillator, the one-dimensional Ising model and the Lipkin model. We show that the Hellmann-Feynman theorem allows one to calculat

I. Pavić, H. Pandžić, T. Capuder

This is the second paper of a two-paper series on smart e-mobility. The concept defined in the first paper is further elaborated and mathematically formulated in here. A case study is conducted to evaluate the differences between the proposed electric-vehicle-based and the existing charging-station-based emobility systems. Each of the four issues identified

Pawan Joshi, Utkarsh Kumar, Sukanta Panda

Nonlocal gravity models are constructed to explain the current acceleration of the universe. These models are inspired by the infrared correction appearing in Einstein Hilbert action. Here we develop the Hamiltonian formalism of a nonlocal model by considering only terms to quadratic order in Ricci tensor and Ricci scalar. We also show how to count the degre

I. Pavić, H. Pandžić, T. Capuder

The first of this two-paper series proposes and elaborates a concept of electric vehicle (EV)-based e-mobility system. To this end, models designed to reap the benefits of EVs' flexibility in the literature almost exclusively consider charging stations as active players exploiting the EVs' flexibility. Such stations are seen as static loads able to provide f

Jie Li, David Karpuk, Camilla Hollanti

Private information retrieval (PIR) is the problem of privately retrieving one out of $M$ original files from $N$ severs, i.e., each individual server learns nothing about the file that the user is requesting. Usually, the $M$ files are replicated or encoded by a maximum distance separable (MDS) code and then stored across the $N$ servers. Compared to mere r

Amir Levinson, Ehud Nakar

The first electromagnetic signal observed in different types of cosmic explosions is released upon emergence of a shock created in the explosion from the opaque envelope enshrouding the central source. Notable examples are the early emission from various types of supernovae and low luminosity GRBs, the prompt photospheric emission in long GRBs, and the gamma

Alain Bensoussan, Sheung Chi Phillip Yam

The classical stochastic control problem under partial information can be formulated as a control problem for Zakai equation, whose solution is the unnormalized conditional probability distribution of the state of the system. Zakai equation is a stochastic Fokker-Planck equation. Therefore, the problem to be solved is similar to that met in Mean Field Contro

Mogens Graf Plessen

Within the context of biomass production, this paper proposes a method for logistics optimisation. Starting from a headquarter multiple tours are to be executed simultaneously by groups of harvesting units (HUs) and support units (SUs) to first harvest biomass from multiple agricultural fields, before supplying the biomass to multiple biogas plants (BPs) via

Samad Vakili, Ingo Steinbach, Fathollah Varnik

The phase-field method is used as a basis to develop a strictly mass conserving, yet simple, model for simulation of two-phase flow. The model is aimed to be applied for the study of structure evolution in metallic foams. In this regard, the critical issue is to control the rate of bubble coalescence compared to concurrent processes such as their rearrangeme

A. H. Ziaie, H. Shabani, S. Ghaffari

In recent years, Rastall gravity is undergoing a considerable surge in popularity. This theory purports to be a modified gravity theory with a non-conserved energy-momentum tensor ({\rm EMT}) and an unusual non-minimal coupling between matter and geometry. The present work looks for the evolution of homogeneous spherical perturbations within the Universe in

Hugo Lhachemi, Christophe Prieur, Emmanuel Trélat

The general context of this work is the feedback control of an infinite-dimensional system so that the closed-loop system satisfies a fading-memory property and achieves the setpoint tracking of a given reference signal. More specifically, this paper is concerned with the Proportional Integral (PI) regulation control of the left Neumann trace of a one-dimens

Rahif Kassab, Osvaldo Simeone, Andrea Munari, Federico Clazzer

In this paper, we study the coexistence of critical and non-critical Internet of Things (IoT) services on a grant-free channel consisting of radio access and backhaul segments. On the radio access segment, IoT devices send packets to access points (APs) over an erasure collision channel using the slotted ALOHA protocol. Then, the APs forward correctly receiv

Gianfranco Casnati, Emre Coskun, Ozhan Genc, Francesco Malaspina

We propose a general definition of mathematical instanton bundle with given charge on any Fano threefold extending the classical definitions on $\mathbb P^3$ and on Fano threefold with cyclic Picard group. Then we deal with the case of the blow up of $\mathbb P^3$ at a point, giving an explicit construction of instanton bundles satisfying some important extr

Alec Koppel, Amrit Singh Bedi, Brian M. Sadler, Victor Elvira

In Bayesian inference, we seek to compute information about random variables such as moments or quantiles on the basis of {available data} and prior information. When the distribution of random variables is {intractable}, Monte Carlo (MC) sampling is usually required. {Importance sampling is a standard MC tool that approximates this unavailable distribution

Umair Zulfiqar, Victor Sreeram, Xin Du

A model order reduction algorithm is presented that generates a reduced-order model of the original high-order model, which ensures high-fidelity within the desired time interval. The reduced model satisfies a subset of the first-order optimality conditions for time-limited H$_2$-model reduction problem. The algorithm uses a computationally efficient Krylov

Nicolas Robinson-Garcia, Ismael Rafols

In this chapter we build upon Moed's conceptual contributions on the importance of the policy context when using and interpreting scientometric indicators. We focus on the use of indicators in research evaluation regarding internationalisation policies. The globalization of higher education presents important challenges to institutions worldwide, which a

I. Shlimak, A. Butenko, E. Kogan, M. Kaveh

Broadening of the Raman scattering (RS) spectra was studied in monolayer graphene samples irradiated with various dose of ions followed by annealing of radiation damage at different temperatures. It is shown that the width {\Gamma} (full width at half maximum, FWHM) of three main RS lines (G-, D-, and 2D) increases linearly with increase of the density of ir

Mehdi El Amrani, Antoine Jacquier, Claude Martini

We develop a dynamic version of the SSVI parameterisation for the total implied variance, ensuring that European vanilla option prices are martingales, hence preventing the occurrence of arbitrage, both static and dynamic. Insisting on the constraint that the total implied variance needs to be null at the maturity of the option, we show that no model--in our

Gopal Bhatta

The search for periodic signals from blazars has become an actively pursued field of research in recent years. This is because periodic signals bring us information about the processes occurring near the innermost regions of blazars, which are mostly inaccessible to our direct view. Such signals provide insights into some of the extreme conditions that take

H. A. Erbay, S. Erbay, A. Erkip

Numerical approximation of a general class of nonlinear unidirectional wave equations with a convolution-type nonlocality in space is considered. A semi-discrete numerical method based on both a uniform space discretization and the discrete convolution operator is introduced to solve the Cauchy problem. The method is proved to be uniformly convergent as the

N. A. Kostina, D. A. Kislov, A. N. Ivinskaya, A. Proskurin

Carefully designed nanostructures can inspire new type of optomechanical interactions and allow surpassing limitations set by classical diffractive optical elements. Apart from strong near-field localization, nanostructured environment allows controlling scattering channels and might tailor many-body interactions. Here we investigate an effect of optical bin

Minseong Kim

Under some initial conditions, it is shown that time consistency requirements prevent rational expectation equilibrium (REE) existence for dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models induced by consumer heterogeneity, in contrast to static models. However, one can consider REE-prohibiting initial conditions as limits of other initial conditions. The REE ex

Mehdi Frachet, Igor Vinograd, Rui Zhou, Siham Benhabib

The mysterious pseudogap phase of cuprate superconductors ends at a critical hole doping level p* but the nature of the ground state below p* is still debated. Here, we show that the genuine nature of the magnetic ground state in La2-xSrxCuO4 is hidden by competing effects from superconductivity: applying intense magnetic fields to quench superconductivity,

Matteo Beccaria, Hongliang Jiang, Arkady A. Tseytlin

In a series of recent papers, a special kind of AdS$_2$/CFT$_1$ duality was observed: the boundary correlators of elementary fields that appear in the Lagrangian of a 2d conformal theory in rigid AdS$_2$ background are the same as the correlators of the corresponding primary operators in the chiral half of that 2d CFT in flat space restricted to the real lin

Richard Rau, Dieter Schweizer, Valery Vishnevskiy, Orcun Goksel

For beamforming ultrasound (US) signals, typically a spatially constant speed-of-sound (SoS) is assumed to calculate delays. As SoS in tissue may vary relatively largely, this approximation may cause wavefront aberrations, thus degrading effective imaging resolution. In the literature, corrections have been proposed based on unidirectional SoS estimation or

D. S. Shapiro, W. V. Pogosov, Yu. E. Lozovik

In a view of recent proposals for the realization of anisotropic light-matter interaction in such platforms as (i) non-stationary or inductively and capacitively coupled superconducting qubits, (ii) atoms in crossed fields and (iii) semiconductor heterostructures with spin-orbital interaction, the concept of generalized Dicke model, where coupling strengths

Zhichao Ye, Krishna Twayana, Peter A. Andrekson, Victor Torres-Company

Microresonator frequency combs (microcombs) are enabling new applications in frequency synthesis and metrology from high-speed laser ranging to coherent optical communications. One critical parameter that dictates the performance of the microcomb is the optical quality factor (Q) of the microresonator. Microresonators fabricated in planar structures such as