April 2023 arXiv papers — page 94

Zhenghao Jiang, Gu Mi, Ji Lin, Christelle Lorenzato

The Project Optimus initiative by the FDA's Oncology Center of Excellence is widely viewed as a groundbreaking effort to change the $\textit{status quo}$ of conventional dose-finding strategies in oncology. Unlike in other therapeutic areas where multiple doses are evaluated thoroughly in dose ranging studies, early-phase oncology dose-finding studies are ch

Rui Loja Fernandes, David Iglesias Ponte

A cosymplectic groupoid is a Lie groupoid with a multiplicative cosymplectic structure. We provide several structural results for cosymplectic groupoids and we discuss the relationship between cosymplectic groupoids, Poisson groupoids of corank 1, and oversymplectic groupoids of corank 1.

Ziyi Zhao, Eva Gurra, Eric I. Rosenthal, Leila R. Vale

We design and test a low-loss interface between superconducting 3-dimensional microwave cavities and 2-dimensional circuits, where the coupling rate is highly tunable. This interface seamlessly integrates a loop antenna and a Josephson junction-based coupling element. We demonstrate that the loss added by connecting this interface to the cavity is 1.28 kHz,

Jeremy Borden, Yuri V. Kovchegov

We construct an exact analytic solution of the revised small-$x$ helicity evolution equations derived recently. The equations we solve are obtained in the large-$N_c$ limit (with $N_c$ the number of quark colors) and are double-logarithmic (summing powers of $\alpha_s \ln^2(1/x)$ with $\alpha_s$ the strong coupling constant and $x$ the Bjorken $x$ variable).

Wenliang Liu, Wei Xiao, Calin Belta

In this paper, we consider the problem of learning a neural network controller for a system required to satisfy a Signal Temporal Logic (STL) specification. We exploit STL quantitative semantics to define a notion of robust satisfaction. Guaranteeing the correctness of a neural network controller, i.e., ensuring the satisfaction of the specification by the c

Jobst Heitzig

We develop a theory of estimation when in addition to a sample of $n$ observed outcomes the underlying probabilities of the observed outcomes are known, as is typically the case in the context of numerical simulation modeling, e.g. in epidemiology. For this enriched information framework, we design unbiased and consistent ``probability-based'' estimators who

Siddhaarth Sarkar, Arun Kumar Kuchibhotla

Conformal inference has played a pivotal role in providing uncertainty quantification for black-box ML prediction algorithms with finite sample guarantees. Traditionally, conformal prediction inference requires a data-independent specification of miscoverage level. In practical applications, one might want to update the miscoverage level after computing the

T. R. Kirkpatrick, D. Belitz

We consider a fermionic fluid in a non-equilibrium steady state where the fluctuation-dissipation theorem is not valid and fields conjugate to the hydrodynamic variables are explicitly required to determine response functions. We identify velocity-dependent forces in the kinetic equation that are equivalent to such fields. They lead to driving terms in the h

Jianhua Zhu, Jianfeng Zhang, Yilin Zhang, Devashibhai Adroja

Here we have performed detailed first principles calculations for the electronic structure and magnetic properties of Ba$_6$Cr$_2$S$_{10}$ to study the origin of the anti-ferromagnetic exchange interaction between spins on Cr ions for the spin-chain compound Ba$_6$Cr$_2$S$_{10}$ synthesised recently. Most importantly, we have found the co-existence of a char

Antoine Amarilli, Benny Kimelfeld, Sébastien Labbé, Stefan Mengel

When extracting a relation of spans (intervals) from a text document, a common practice is to filter out tuples of the relation that are deemed dominated by others. The domination rule is defined as a partial order that varies along different systems and tasks. For example, we may state that a tuple is dominated by tuples which extend it by assigning additio

Ankit Shrestha, Bikram Adhikari

The neurons in the brain produces electric signals and a collective firing of these electric signals gives rise to brainwaves. These brainwave signals are captured using EEG (Electroencephalogram) devices as micro voltages. These sequence of signals captured by EEG sensors have embedded features in them that can be used for classification. The signals can be

Robert A. Robinson, Seng Huat Lee, Lujin Min, Jinliang Ning

We report thermal conductivity and Seebeck effect measurements on Mn(Bi1-xSbx)2Te4 (MBST) with x = 0.26 under applied magnetic fields below 50 K. Our data shows clear indications of the electronic structure transition induced by the antiferromagnetic (AFM) to ferromagnetic (FM) transition driven by applied magnetic field as well as significant positive magne

S. Dyer, A. McWilliam, D. Hunter, S. Ingleby

We demonstrate a controllable depletion of the nitrogen buffer gas pressure in a micro-machined cesium (Cs) vapor cell from the dynamic heating of an alkali dispenser pill. When the alkali source is laser activated, the gettering compounds within the alkali pill dispenser reduce the nitrogen (N$_2$) content from the vapor for fine-tuning of the alkali to buf

Hans Johnson, Jafar Saniie

This paper presents the design flow of an IoT human machine touchless interface. The device uses embedded computing in conjunction with the Leap Motion Controller to provide an accurate and intuitive touchless interface. Its main function is to augment current touchscreen devices in public spaces through a combination of computer vision technology, event dri

Luca Ciotti

It has been suggested that the observed flat rotation curves of disk galaxies can be a peculiar effect of General Relativity (GR) rather than evidence for the presence of dark matter (DM) halos in Newtonian gravity. In Ciotti (2022) the problem has been quantitatively addressed by using the well known weak-field, low-velocity gravitomagnetic limit of GR, for

Ryan T. Schlinkman, Jonghyuk Baek, Frank N. Beckwith, Stacy M. Nelson

We present a quasi-conforming embedded reproducing kernel particle method (QCE-RKPM) for modeling heterogeneous materials that makes use of techniques not available to mesh-based methods such as the finite element method (FEM) and avoids many of the drawbacks in current embedded and immersed formulations which are based on meshed methods. The different mater

Patricia Mariela Morillas

The theory of generalized inverses of matrices and operators is closely connected with projections, i.e., idempotent (bounded) linear transformations. We show that a similar situation occurs in any associative ring $\mathcal{R}$ with a unit $1 \neq 0$. We prove that generalized inverses in $\mathcal{R}$ are related to idempotent group endomorphisms $\rho: \m

Panagiotis C. Theocharopoulos, Panagiotis Anagnostou, Anastasia Tsoukala, Spiros V. Georgakopoulos

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models and publicly available ChatGPT has marked a significant turning point in the integration of Artificial Intelligence into people's everyday lives. The academic community has taken notice of these technological advancements and has expressed concerns regarding the difficulty of discriminating between what is rea

Sergiy S. Vasylyev, Christian Vogl, Yi Yang, Alexei V. Filippenko

We report early-time ultraviolet (UV) and optical spectroscopy of the young, nearby Type II supernova (SN) 2022wsp obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/STIS at about 10 and 20 days after the explosion. The SN 2022wsp UV spectra are compared to those of other well-observed Type II/IIP SNe, including the recently studied Type IIP SN 2021yja. Both SNe e

Norhan M. Eassa, Joe Gibbs, Zoe Holmes, Andrew Sornborger

Many-body entangled quantum spin systems exhibit emergent phenomena such as topological quantum spin liquids with distinct excitation spectra accessed in inelastic neutron scattering (INS) experiments. Here we simulate the dynamics of a quantum spin dimer, the basic quantum unit of emergent many-body spin systems. While canonical Trotterization methods requi

Randall Powers, Wendy Martinez, Terrance Savitsky

growclusters for R is a package that estimates a partition structure for multivariate data. It does this by implementing a hierarchical version of k-means clustering that accounts for possible known dependencies in a collection of datasets, where each set draws its cluster means from a single, global partition. Each component data set in the collection corre

M. Lynne Saade, Murray Brightman, Daniel Stern, Thomas Connor

We present analysis of NuSTAR X-ray observations of three AGN that were identified as candidate subparsec binary supermassive black hole (SMBH) systems in the Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey based on apparent periodicity in their optical light curves. Simulations predict that close-separation accreting SMBH binaries will have different X-ray spectra than

X. Xiang, R. J. Gaitskell, R. Liu, J. Bang

Knowledge of the ionization and scintillation responses of liquid xenon (LXe) to nuclear recoils is crucial for LXe-based dark matter experiments. Current calibrations carry large uncertainties in the low-energy region below $\sim3$ keV$_nr$ where signals from dark matter particles of $<$10 GeV/c$^2$ masses are expected. The coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus

Ziyi Xie, Yuanwei Liu, Jiaqi Xu, Xuanli Wu

Performance analysis is carried out in a near-field multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system for both discrete and continuous aperture antennas. The effective degrees of freedom (EDoF) is first derived. It is shown that near-field MIMO systems have a higher EDoF than free-space far-field ones. Additionally, the near-field EDoF further depends on the comm

Inbar Huberman-Spiegelglas, Vladimir Kulikov, Tomer Michaeli

Denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs) employ a sequence of white Gaussian noise samples to generate an image. In analogy with GANs, those noise maps could be considered as the latent code associated with the generated image. However, this native noise space does not possess a convenient structure, and is thus challenging to work with in editing ta

Leiming Chen, Chiu Fan Lee, Ananyo Maitra, John Toner

We analytically calculate the scaling exponents of a two-dimensional KPZ-like system: coherently moving incompressible polar active fluids. Using three different renormalization group approximation schemes, we obtain values for the ``roughness" exponent $\chi$ and anisotropy exponent $\zeta$ that are extremely near the known exact results. This implies our p

Colm Talbot, Jacob Golomb

Observations of gravitational waves emitted by merging compact binaries have provided tantalising hints about stellar astrophysics, cosmology, and fundamental physics. However, the physical parameters describing the systems, (mass, spin, distance) used to extract these inferences about the Universe are subject to large uncertainties. The most widely-used met

Marcelo Bongarti, Michael Hintermüller

The analysis and boundary optimal control of the nonlinear transport of gas on a network of pipelines is considered. The evolution of the gas distribution on a given pipe is modeled by an isothermal semilinear compressible Euler system in one space dimension. On the network, solutions satisfying (at nodes) the so called Kirchhoff flux continuity conditions a

Guoyu Lu, Sheng Li, Gengchen Mai, Jin Sun

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) is poised to revolutionize a variety of sectors, including healthcare, finance, transportation, and education. Within healthcare, AGI is being utilized to analyze clinical medical notes, recognize patterns in patient data, and aid in patient management. Agriculture is another critical sector that impacts the lives of ind

Samer Houri, Gaetan Kerschen

The ultimate goal of this research proposal is the creation of a micro-optomechanical intelligence. The proposal centers on the development and investigation of very large-scale integrated (VLSI) arrays of coupled M/NEMS devices as platforms for the experimental study of nonlinear dynamics of high-dimensional systems. The potential of VLSI M/NEMS arrays to f

Josef Tkadlec, Christian Hilbe, Martin A. Nowak

Direct reciprocity is a powerful mechanism for evolution of cooperation based on repeated interactions between the same individuals. But high levels of cooperation evolve only if the benefit-to-cost ratio exceeds a certain threshold that depends on memory length. For the best-explored case of one-round memory, that threshold is two. Here we report that inter

Piotr Komorowski, Hubert Baniecki, Przemysław Biecek

As deep learning models increasingly find applications in critical domains such as medical imaging, the need for transparent and trustworthy decision-making becomes paramount. Many explainability methods provide insights into how these models make predictions by attributing importance to input features. As Vision Transformer (ViT) becomes a promising alterna

Hamed Hadi, Amin Rezaei Akbarieh, Pouneh Safarzadeh Ilkhchi

The dRGT massive gravity represent a comprehensive theory which properly describes massive graviton field. Latterly, the exact spherical solutions are identified for the black hole in the dRGT massive gravity theory. In this paper, we derive Bousso's D-bound entropy for the black hole solutions of dRGT massive gravity. By an entropic consideration which prov

Victor Ion Butoi, Jose Javier Gonzalez Ortiz, Tianyu Ma, Mert R. Sabuncu

While deep learning models have become the predominant method for medical image segmentation, they are typically not capable of generalizing to unseen segmentation tasks involving new anatomies, image modalities, or labels. Given a new segmentation task, researchers generally have to train or fine-tune models, which is time-consuming and poses a substantial

Cale A. Byczkowski, Anil V. Rao

A new method is developed for accurately approximating the solution to state-variable inequality path constrained optimal control problems using a multiple-domain adaptive Legendre-Gauss-Radau collocation method. The method consists of the following parts. First, a structure detection method is developed to estimate switch times in the activation and deactiv

Tuomas Oikarinen, Subhro Das, Lam M. Nguyen, Tsui-Wei Weng

Concept bottleneck models (CBM) are a popular way of creating more interpretable neural networks by having hidden layer neurons correspond to human-understandable concepts. However, existing CBMs and their variants have two crucial limitations: first, they need to collect labeled data for each of the predefined concepts, which is time consuming and labor int

Ziyi Xie, Yuanwei Liu, Wenqiang Yi, Xuanli Wu

In this paper, a stochastic geometry based analytical framework is proposed for secure simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) assisted non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) transmissions, where legitimate users (LUs) and eavesdroppers are randomly distributed. Both the time-switching protocol (TS) and energy sp

Roberto Camassa, Richard M. McLaughlin

The application of the motion of a vertically suspended mass-spring system released under tension is studied focusing upon the delay timescale for the bottom mass as a function of the spring constants and masses. This ``hang-time", reminiscent of the Coyote and Road Runner cartoons, is quantified using the far-field asymptotic expansion of the bottom mass' L

Ulrich D. Jentschura

The proton radius puzzle is known as the discrepancy of the proton radius, obtained from muonic hydrogen spectroscopy (obtained as being roughly equal to 0.84fm), and the proton radius obtained from (ordinary) hydrogen spectroscopy where a number of measurements involving highly excited states have traditionally favored a value of about 0.88fm. Recently, a n

Asish Mukhopadhyay, Daniel John, Srivatsan Vasudevan

In this paper, we show that unswitchable graphs are a proper subclass of split graphs, and exploit this fact to propose efficient algorithms for their recognition and generation.

Yuhang Lu, Touradj Ebrahimi

Detecting digital face manipulation in images and video has attracted extensive attention due to the potential risk to public trust. To counteract the malicious usage of such techniques, deep learning-based deepfake detection methods have been employed and have exhibited remarkable performance. However, the performance of such detectors is often assessed on

Abduallah Mohamed, Jundi Liu, Linda Ng Boyle, Christian Claudel

An ego vehicle following a virtual lead vehicle planned route is an essential component when autonomous and non-autonomous vehicles interact. Yet, there is a question about the driver's ability to follow the planned lead vehicle route. Thus, predicting the trajectory of the ego vehicle route given a lead vehicle route is of interest. We introduce a new datas

Yuhang Lu, Touradj Ebrahimi

Despite the significant progress in face recognition in the past years, they are often treated as "black boxes" and have been criticized for lacking explainability. It becomes increasingly important to understand the characteristics and decisions of deep face recognition systems to make them more acceptable to the public. Explainable face recognition (XFR) r

Ilaria Ruffa, Timothy A. Davis, Michele Cappellari, Martin Bureau

We present a CO dynamical estimate of the mass of the super-massive black hole (SMBH) in three nearby early-type galaxies: NGC0612, NGC1574 and NGC4261. Our analysis is based on Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Cycle 3-6 observations of the $^{12}$CO(2-1) emission line with spatial resolutions of $14-58$ pc ($0.01"-0.26"$). We detect disc-

Wentao Zhu, Yufang Huang, Xiufeng Xie, Wenxian Liu

The short-form videos have explosive popularity and have dominated the new social media trends. Prevailing short-video platforms,~\textit{e.g.}, Kuaishou (Kwai), TikTok, Instagram Reels, and YouTube Shorts, have changed the way we consume and create content. For video content creation and understanding, the shot boundary detection (SBD) is one of the most es

José Niño-Mora

This paper surveys recent work by the author on the theoretical and algorithmic aspects of restless bandit indexation as well as on its application to a variety of problems involving the dynamic allocation of priority to multiple stochastic projects. The main aim is to present ideas and methods in an accessible form that can be of use to researchers addressi

Jacob Meilleur, Guillaume-Alexandre Bilodeau

In recent years, the joint detection-and-tracking paradigm has been a very popular way of tackling the multi-object tracking (MOT) task. Many of the methods following this paradigm use the object center keypoint for detection. However, we argue that the center point is not optimal since it is often not visible in crowded scenarios, which results in many miss

Colin Defant, Valentin Féray, Philippe Nadeau, Nathan Williams

The Wiener index of a finite graph G is the sum over all pairs (p, q) of vertices of G of the distance between p and q. When P is a finite poset, we define its Wiener index as the Wiener index of the graph of its Hasse diagram. In this paper, we find exact expressions for the Wiener indices of the distributive lattices of order ideals in minuscule posets. Fo

Arely Cano, Grigory V. Eremeev, Juan R. Zuazo, Jaeyel Lee

This contribution discusses the results of an in-situ angular XPS study on the thermal evolution of the native oxide layer on Nb3Sn and pure Nb. XPS data were recorded with conventional spectrometers using an AlK(alpha) X-ray source for spectra collected up to 600 C, and an MgK(Alpha) X-rays source for temperatures above 600 C. The effect of the thickness, c

Yangyang Chen, Pedro Alberto Morettin, Chang Chiann

The spatio-temporal autoregressive moving average (STARMA) model is frequently used in several studies of multivariate time series data, where the assumption of stationarity is important, but it is not always guaranteed in practice. One way to proceed is to consider locally stationary processes. In this paper we propose a time-varying spatio-temporal autoreg

Andrea Mitridate, Michele Papucci, Christina Wang, Cristián Peña

We present a recast in different benchmark models of the recent CMS search that uses the endcap muon detector system to identify displaced showers produced by decays of long-lived particles (LLPs). The exceptional shielding provided by the steel between the stations of the muon system drastically reduces the Standard Model background that limits other existi

Alexander Makin

The paper is concerned with the completeness property of root functions of the Dirac operator with summable complexvalued potential and non-regular boundary conditions. We also obtain explicit form for the fundamental solution system of the considered operator.

Saman Motamed, Jianjin Xu, Chen Henry Wu, Fernando De la Torre

Generative models such as StyleGAN2 and Stable Diffusion have achieved state-of-the-art performance in computer vision tasks such as image synthesis, inpainting, and de-noising. However, current generative models for face inpainting often fail to preserve fine facial details and the identity of the person, despite creating aesthetically convincing image stru

Aayush Shah, Mann Doshi, Meet Parekh, Nirmit Deliwala

The importance of predicting stock market prices cannot be overstated. It is a pivotal task for investors and financial institutions as it enables them to make informed investment decisions, manage risks, and ensure the stability of the financial system. Accurate stock market predictions can help investors maximize their returns and minimize their losses, wh

Hazem Zein, Lou Laurent, Régis Fournier, Amine Nait-Ali

In biomedical research and artificial intelligence, access to large, well-balanced, and representative datasets is crucial for developing trustworthy applications that can be used in real-world scenarios. However, obtaining such datasets can be challenging, as they are often restricted to hospitals and specialized facilities. To address this issue, the study

Guillermo Gordillo-Núñez, Renato Alvarez-Nodarse, Niurka R. Quintero

We rigorously solve the time-independent Schr\"odinger equation for the Rosen-Morse type potential. By using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method, we obtain, in a systematic way, the complete solution of such equation, which includes the so-called bound states (square-integrable solutions) associated with the discrete spectrum, as well as unbound states region (bound

Michail Gkagkos, Jean-Francois Chamberland, Costas N. Georghiades, Krishna R. Narayanan

Cell-Free Massive MIMO systems aim to expand the coverage area of wireless networks by replacing a single high-performance Access Point (AP) with multiple small, distributed APs connected to a Central Processing Unit (CPU) through a fronthaul. Another novel wireless approach, known as the unsourced random access (URA) paradigm, enables a large number of devi

Wenjie Xu, Yuning Jiang, Bratislav Svetozarevic, Colin N. Jones

This paper studies the problem of online performance optimization of constrained closed-loop control systems, where both the objective and the constraints are unknown black-box functions affected by exogenous time-varying contextual disturbances. A primal-dual contextual Bayesian optimization algorithm is proposed that achieves sublinear cumulative regret wi

Axel Elaldi, Guido Gerig, Neel Dey

We present Roto-Translation Equivariant Spherical Deconvolution (RT-ESD), an $E(3)\times SO(3)$ equivariant framework for sparse deconvolution of volumes where each voxel contains a spherical signal. Such 6D data naturally arises in diffusion MRI (dMRI), a medical imaging modality widely used to measure microstructure and structural connectivity. As each dMR

Yingwei Cheng, Nicholas Milikich

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced schools and universities to adapt to remote learning, and online gaming has emerged as a tool for education. Educational games can make learning fun and engaging, help students develop important skills like problem-solving and collaboration, and reach students who are struggling with traditional learning methods. While there

Davide Cassani, Alejandro Ruipérez, Enrico Turetta

We address some issues in higher-derivative gauged supergravity with Chern-Simons terms, focusing on the five-dimensional case. We discuss the variational problem with Dirichlet boundary conditions as well as holographic renormalization in asymptotically locally AdS spacetimes, and derive the corresponding boundary terms. We then employ Wald's formalism in o

Sebastien Bossu

A novel factorization for the sum of two single-pair matrices is established as product of lower-triangular, tridiagonal, and upper-triangular matrices, leading to semi-closed-form formulas for tridiagonal matrix inversion. Subsequent factorizations are established, leading to semi-closed-form formulas for the inverse sum of two single-pair matrices. An appl

Miguel Conceição, Alberto Krone-Martins, Antonio da Silva, Ángeles Moliné

N-body simulations are the most powerful method to study the non-linear evolution of large-scale structure. However, they require large amounts of computational resources, making unfeasible their direct adoption in scenarios that require broad explorations of parameter spaces. In this work, we show that it is possible to perform fast dark matter density fiel

João M. Dias, Antonia M. Frassino, Valentin D. Paccoia, Jorge V. Rocha

We use ray-tracing techniques to determine the evolution of the event horizon of a large black hole that ``gobbles'' a tiny, traversable wormhole. This calculation has physical meaning in the extreme mass ratio limit. Two setups are considered: a single-mouth wormhole connecting two otherwise independent universes, and a double-mouth zero-length wormhole wit

D. Malheiro, M. Facão, M. I. Carvalho

Dissipative quartic solitons have gained interest in the field of mode-locked lasers for their energy-width scaling which allows the generation of ultrashort pulses with high energies. Pursuing the characterization of such pulses, here we found soliton solutions of a distributed model for mode-locked lasers in the presence of either positive or negative four

Ana Monreal-Ibero, Peter M. Weilbacher, Genoveva Micheva, Wolfram Kollatschny

[ABRIDGED] Stellar feedback in high-redshift galaxies plays an important role in the re-ionization epoch of the Universe. Green Pea galaxies (GPs) postulate as favorite local laboratories. However, at their typical redshift of $z\sim0.2$, the most intimate interaction between stars and surrounding ISM cannot be disentangled. Detailed studies of Blue Compact

Z. R. Kordov, R. Horsley, W. Kamleh, Y. Nakamura

With increasing requirements for greater precision, it becomes essential to describe the effects of isospin breaking induced by both quark masses and electro-magnetic effects. In this work we perform a lattice analysis of the weak decay constants of the neutral pseudoscalar mesons including such isospin breaking effects, with particular consideration being g

Petr Mokrov, Alexander Korotin, Alexander Kolesov, Nikita Gushchin

Energy-based models (EBMs) are known in the Machine Learning community for decades. Since the seminal works devoted to EBMs dating back to the noughties, there have been a lot of efficient methods which solve the generative modelling problem by means of energy potentials (unnormalized likelihood functions). In contrast, the realm of Optimal Transport (OT) an

Johan Linåker, Björn Lundell, Francisco Servant, Jonas Gamalielsson

Background: Open Source Software (OSS) started as an effort of communities of volunteers, but its practices have been adopted far beyond these initial scenarios. For instance, the strategic use of OSS in industry is constantly growing nowadays in different verticals, including energy, automotive, and health. For the public sector, however, the adoption has l

Michal Bílek, Michael Hilker, Florent Renaud, Tom Richtler

Dark matter is required in galaxies at galactocentric radii that are larger than the $a_0$-radius, which is where the gravitational acceleration generated by baryons of the galaxy equals the constant $a_0=1.2\times 10^{-10}$ms$^{-2}$ known as the galactic acceleration scale. It was found previously for massive early-type galaxies that the radial number-densi

NEXT Collaboration, N. K. Byrnes, I. Parmaksiz, C. Adams

The search for neutrinoless double beta decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) remains one of the most compelling experimental avenues for the discovery in the neutrino sector. Electroluminescent gas-phase time projection chambers are well suited to $0\nu\beta\beta$ searches due to their intrinsically precise energy resolution and topological event identification capabili

Shenli Tang, John D. Silverman, Hassen M. Yesuf, Xuheng Ding

How does the host galaxy morphology influence a central quasar or vice versa? We address this question by measuring the asymmetries of 2424 SDSS quasar hosts at $0.2<z<0.8$ using broad-band ($grizy$) images from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program. Control galaxies (without quasars) are selected by matching the redshifts and stellar masses of the

Xiaodong Xing, Alejandro Gomez Cadavid, Artur F. Izmaylov, Timur V. Tscherbul

We propose a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for solving the time-independent Schr\"odinger equation for atomic and molecular collisions. The algorithm is based on the $S$-matrix version of the Kohn variational principle, which computes the fundamental scattering $S$-matrix by inverting the Hamiltonian matrix expressed in the basis of square-integrable fu

Euihun Joung, Prithvi Narayan, Junggi Yoon

We study the gravitational edge mode of the Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity and its $sl(2,\mathbb{R})$ BF theory description with the asymptotic AdS$_2$ boundary condition. We revisit the derivation of the Schwarzian theory from the wiggling boundary as an action for the gravitational edge mode. We present an alternative description for the gravitational edge

Leon Ding, Max Hays, Youngkyu Sung, Bharath Kannan

We propose and demonstrate an architecture for fluxonium-fluxonium two-qubit gates mediated by transmon couplers (FTF, for fluxonium-transmon-fluxonium). Relative to architectures that exclusively rely on a direct coupling between fluxonium qubits, FTF enables stronger couplings for gates using non-computational states while simultaneously suppressing the st

Zahra Khatibi, Stephen R. Power

The relative strength of different proximity spin-orbit couplings in graphene on transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) can be tuned via the metal composition in the TMDC layer. While Gr/MoSe$_2$, has a normal gap, proximity to WSe$_2$ instead leads to valley-Zeeman-driven inverted bands. Although the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ index vanishes, these systems enable a co

Emily A. Whittaker, Jean-Luc Margot, Adrian L. H. Lam, Nathan Myhrvold

We used the reparameterized Near-Earth Asteroid Thermal Model to model observations of a curated set of over 4000 asteroids from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer in two wavelength bands (W2-3 or W3-4) and compared the results to previous results from all four wavelength bands (W1-4). This comparison was done with the goal of elucidating unique aspects

Nicolas Echeverri, Francisco Villaescusa-Navarro, Chaitanya Chawak, Yueying Ni

Recent work has pointed out the potential existence of a tight relation between the cosmological parameter $\Omega_{\rm m}$, at fixed $\Omega_{\rm b}$, and the properties of individual galaxies in state-of-the-art cosmological hydrodynamic simulations. In this paper, we investigate whether such a relation also holds for galaxies from simulations run with a d

Abhishek Kumar, Premala Chandra, Pavel A. Volkov

We study the interplay between collective electronic and lattice modes in polar metals in an applied magnetic field aligned with the polar axis. Static spin-orbit coupling leads to the appearance of a particle-hole spin-flip continuum that is gapped at low energies in a finite field. We find that a weak spin-orbit assisted coupling between electrons and pola

Abhijit Gadde, Vineeth Krishna, Trakshu Sharma

In this paper, we systematically study the measures of multi-partite entanglement with the aim of constructing those measures that can be computed in probe approximation in the holographic dual. We classify and count general measures as invariants of local unitary transformations. After formulating these measures in terms of permutation group elements, we de

DinhDuy Vu, Sankar Das Sarma

We obtain approximate solutions defining the mobility edge separating localized and extended states for several classes of generic one-dimensional quasiperiodic models. We validate our analytical ansatz with exact numerical calculations. Rather amazingly, we provide a single simple ansatz for the generic mobility edge, which is satisfied by quasiperiodic mod

Aditya Batra, Praveen Bharadwaj, Sanjoy Mandal, Rahul Srivastava

Small neutrino masses can be sourced by a tiny vacuum expectation value of a leptophilic Higgs doublet, and mediated by Quasi-Dirac heavy neutrinos. In such simplest linear seesaw picture the neutrino mass mediators can be accessible to colliders. We describe novel charged Higgs and heavy neutrino production mechanisms that can be sizeable at $e^+ e^-$, $e^-

Lia Medeiros, Dimitrios Psaltis, Tod R. Lauer, Feryal Ozel

We present a new reconstruction of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) image of the M87 black hole from the 2017 data set. We use PRIMO, a novel dictionary-learning based algorithm that uses high-fidelity simulations of accreting black holes as a training set. By learning the correlations between the different regions of the space of interferometric data, this

G. H. S. Alves, A. L. Cherchiglia, C. C. Nishi

Nelson-Barr models solve the strong CP problem based on spontaneous CP violation and generically requires vector-like quarks (VLQs) mixing with standard quarks to transmit the CP violation. We devise an explicit parametrization for the case of two VLQs of either down-type or up-type and quantitatively study several aspects including the hierarchy of the VLQ

H. Stiele, A. K. H. Kong

We investigated the snapshots of five NICER observations of the black hole transient GX 339-4 when the source transited from the hard state into the soft state during its outburst in 2021. In this paper, we focused our study on the evolution of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) and noise components using power-density spectra. In addition, we derived hardne

Olesia Krupnitska, Wolfram Brenig

We study electric field induced second harmonic generation (2HG) in the Kitaev model. This frustrated magnet hosts a quantum spin-liquid, featuring fractionalization in terms of mobile Majorana fermion and static $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ flux-vison elementary excitations. We show that finite temperature 2HG allows to probe characteristic features of both fractional

Dominik Sulz, Christian Lubich, Gianluca Ceruti, Igor Lesanovsky

Open quantum systems provide a conceptually simple setting for the exploration of collective behavior stemming from the competition between quantum effects, many-body interactions, and dissipative processes. They may display dynamics distinct from that of closed quantum systems or undergo nonequilibrium phase transitions which are not possible in classical s

Johan Olofsson, Philippe Thébault, Amelia Bayo, Julien Milli

Observations of debris disks have significantly improved over the past decades, both in terms of sensitivity and spatial resolution. At near-infrared wavelengths, new observing strategies and post-processing algorithms allow us to drastically improve the final images, revealing faint structures in the disks. These structures inform us about the properties an

Hao-Yuan Chang, Ergin Sezgin, Yoshiaki Tanii

We construct the four-derivative supersymmetric extension of $(1,0), 6D$ supergravity coupled to Yang-Mills and hypermultiplets. The hypermultiplet scalars are taken to parametrize the quaternionic projective space $Hp(n)=Sp(n,1)/Sp(n)\times Sp(1)_R$. The hyperscalar kinetic term is not deformed, and the quaternionic K\"ahler structure and symmetries of $Hp(

Saniya Heeba, Tongyan Lin, Katelin Schutz

Dark matter (DM) could be a nonthermal relic that freezes in from extremely weak, sub-Hubble annihilation and decay of Standard Model (SM) particles. The case of Dirac DM freezing in via a dark photon mediator is a well-studied benchmark for DM direct detection experiments. Here, we extend prior work to take into account the possibility that DM is pseudo-Dir

Hooman Davoudiasl

We entertain the novel possibility that long range forces may lead to violations of accidental symmetries, in particular baryon number. Employing an ultralight scalar, with a mass $\ll$ eV, we illustrate that this scenario can lead to vastly disparate nucleon lifetimes, in different astronomical objects. Such a long range interaction can yield a number of po

Emiel Koridon, Joana Fraxanet, Alexandre Dauphin, Lucas Visscher

Conical intersections are topologically protected crossings between the potential energy surfaces of a molecular Hamiltonian, known to play an important role in chemical processes such as photoisomerization and non-radiative relaxation. They are characterized by a non-zero Berry phase, which is a topological invariant defined on a closed path in atomic coord

P. O. Sukhachov, Felix von Oppen, L. I. Glazman

We investigate the role of the Bloch functions and superconducting gap symmetries on the formation and properties of impurity-induced resonances in a two-dimensional superconductor, and elucidate their manifestation in scanning tunneling spectra. We use and extend a recently developed scattering approach, conveniently formulating the results in terms of the

Qinrui Liu, Ningqiang Song, Aaron C. Vincent

The flavor composition of high-energy neutrinos carries important information about their birth. However, the two most common production scenarios, $pp$ (hadronuclear) and $p\gamma$ (photohadronic) processes, lead to the same flavor ratios when neutrinos and antineutrinos cannot be distinguished. The Glashow resonant interaction $\bar{\nu}_e+e^- \rightarrow

Christopher J. Bambic, Eliot Quataert, Matthew W. Kunz

We use local stratified shearing-box simulations to elucidate the impact of two-temperature thermodynamics on the thermal structure of coronae in radiatively efficient accretion flows. Rather than treating the coronal plasma as an isothermal fluid, we use a simple, parameterized cooling function that models the collisional transfer of energy from the ions to

Riccardo Gonzo, Canxin Shi

We establish a new relation between classical observables for scattering and bound orbits of a massive probe particle in a Kerr background. We find an exact representation of the Hamilton-Jacobi action in terms of the conserved charges which admits an analytic continuation, both for the radial and polar contribution, for a general class of geodesics beyond t

Wei Yan, W. N. Brandt, Fan Zou, Shifu Zhu

We perform X-ray spectral analyses to derive characteristics (e.g., column density, X-ray luminosity) of $\approx$10,200 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the XMM-Spitzer Extragalactic Representative Volume Survey (XMM-SERVS), which was designed to investigate the growth of supermassive black holes across a wide dynamic range of cosmic environments. Using phy

Liliya L. R. Williams, Patrick L. Kelly, Tommaso Treu, Alfred Amruth

Dark matter subhalos with extended profiles and density cores, and globular stars clusters of mass $10^6-10^8 M_\odot$, that live near the critical curves in galaxy cluster lenses can potentially be detected through their lensing magnification of stars in background galaxies. In this work we study the effect such subhalos have on lensed images, and compare t

Layne Bradshaw, Spencer Chang

At the HL-LHC and future high energy colliders, a sample of a billion top quarks will be produced, allowing precision searches for new physics in top quark decay and production. To aid in this endeavor, we characterize the independent three and four point on-shell amplitudes involving top quarks, under the assumption of $SU(3)_c\times U(1)_{em}$ invariance.

Shengtao Jiang, Steven R. White, A. L. Chernyshev

Using large-scale density-matrix renormalization group calculations and minimally augmented spin-wave theory, we demonstrate that the phase diagram of the quantum $S\!=\!\frac12$ $J_1$--$J_3$ ferro-antiferromagnetic model on the honeycomb lattice differs dramatically from the classical one. It hosts the double-zigzag and Ising-z phases as unexpected intermed