July 2023 arXiv papers — page 108

Marcos Riojas, Hao-Yu Sun

The AdS/CFT correspondence connects bulk fields $\phi$ to boundary operators $\mathcal{O}$ characterized by source frequency $\omega$ and angular momentum $l$. Here we explore their connection to massless particles with an impact parameter $b=\omega/l$. In the AdS Schwarzschild spacetime, these particles follow unstable orbits around the photon sphere -- wit

Jewel Mohajan, Pengning Chao, Weiliang Jin, Sean Molesky

Recent advances in fundamental performance limits for power quantities based on Lagrange duality are proving to be a powerful theoretical tool for understanding electromagnetic wave phenomena. To date, however, in any approach seeking to enforce a high degree of physical reality, the linearity of the wave equation plays a critical role. In this manuscript, w

MicroBooNE Collaboration, P. Abratenko, O. Alterkait, D. Andrade Aldana

We report the measurement of the differential cross section $d^{2}\sigma (E_{\nu})/ d\cos(\theta_{\mu}) dP_{\mu}$ for inclusive muon-neutrino charged-current scattering on argon. This measurement utilizes data from 6.4$\times10^{20}$ protons on target of exposure collected using the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber located along the Fermilab B

M. Maturi, A. Finoguenov, P. A. A. Lopes, R. M. González Delgado

Samples of galaxy clusters allow us to better understand the physics at play in galaxy formation and to constrain cosmological models once their mass, position (for clustering studies) and redshift are known. In this context, large optical data sets play a crucial role. We investigate the capabilities of the Javalambre-Physics of the Accelerating Universe As

Hitesh Kishore Das, Max Gronke

Both multiphase gas and magnetic fields are ubiquitous in astrophysics. However, the influence of magnetic fields on mixing of the different phases is still largely unexplored. In this study, we use both turbulent radiative mixing layer (TRML) and turbulent box simulations to examine the effects of magnetic fields on cold gas growth rates, survival, and the

Daniel Lucrédio, Auri Marcelo Rizzo Vincenzi, Eduardo Santana de Almeida, Iftekhar Ahmed

Software testing is a mandatory activity in any serious software development process, as bugs are a reality in software development. This raises the question of quality: good tests are effective in finding bugs, but until a test case actually finds a bug, its effectiveness remains unknown. Therefore, determining what constitutes a good or bad test is necessa

Eder Leao Fernandes, Gianni Antichi, Timm Boettger, Ignacio Castro

Simulation and emulation are popular approaches for experimentation in Computer Networks. However, due to their respective inherent drawbacks, existing solutions cannot perform both fast and realistic control plane experiments. To close this gap, we introduce Horse. Horse is a hybrid solution with an emulated control plane, for realism, and simulated data pl

Piergiuseppe Mallozzi

Zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) frameworks have the potential to revolutionize the handling of sensitive data in various domains. However, deploying ZKP frameworks with real-world data presents several challenges, including scalability, usability, and interoperability. In this project, we present Fact Fortress, an end-to-end framework for designing and deploying

Patrick J. Edwards, Sean Stuart, James T. Farmer, Ran Shi

Nanostructured electronic devices, such as those based on graphene, are typically grown on top of the insulator SiO2. Their exposure to a flux of small size-selected silver nanoparticles has revealed remarkably selective adhesion: the graphene channel can be made fully metallized while the insulating substrate remains coverage-free. This conspicuous contrast

Luke Duttweiler, Sally W. Thurston, Anthony Almudevar

Bayesian network (BN) structure discovery algorithms typically either make assumptions about the sparsity of the true underlying network, or are limited by computational constraints to networks with a small number of variables. While these sparsity assumptions can take various forms, frequently the assumptions focus on an upper bound for the maximum in-degre

Mohit Raj Sah, Suvodip Mukherjee

The astrophysical Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) originates from the mergers of compact binary objects that are otherwise undetected as individual events, along with other sources such as supernovae, magnetars, etc. The individual GW signal is time-varying over a time scale that depends on the chirp mass of the coalescing binaries. Another t

Gwangwoo Kim, Benjamin Huet, Christopher E. Stevens, Kiyoung Jo

Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors are promising candidates for optoelectronic application and quantum information processes due to their inherent out-of-plane 2D confinement. In addition, they offer the possibility of achieving low-dimensional in-plane exciton confinement, similar to zero-dimensional quantum dots, with intriguing optical and electronic pro

Ajay Jha, Simon Lenne, Gwenael Atcheson, Karsten Rode

Exploring anisotropy and diverse magnetization dynamics in specimens with vanishing magnetic moments presents a significant challenge using traditional magnetometry, as the low resolution of existing techniques hinders the ability to obtain accurate results. In this study, we delve deeper into the examination of magnetic anisotropy and quasi-static magnetiza

Ce Zhou

A brain-computer interface (BCI) is a system that allows a person to communicate or control the surroundings without depending on the brain's normal output pathways of peripheral nerves and muscles. A lot of successful applications have arisen utilizing the advantages of BCI to assist disabled people with so-called assistive technology. Considering using BCI

Andrew Renninger, Valentina Marín Maureira, Carmen Cabrera-Arnau, Rafael Prieto-Curiel

Transport systems are vulnerable to disruption. This is particularly true in Africa, where there are large areas with few highways and heightened risk of violence. Here we attempt to estimate the costs of violent events on African transport in order to understand the way that it may be limiting integration between regions. In the absence of detailed data on

Jennifer Bondarchuk, Anthony Trezza, Donald J. Bucci

Measurement-adaptive track initiation remains a critical design requirement of many practical multi-target tracking systems. For labeled random finite sets multi-object filters, prior work has been established to construct a labeled multi-object birth density using measurements from multiple sensors. A truncation procedure has also been provided that leverag

Beatrice Foroni, Luca Merlo, Lea Petrella

The role of cryptocurrencies within the financial systems has been expanding rapidly in recent years among investors and institutions. It is therefore crucial to investigate the phenomena and develop statistical methods able to capture their interrelationships, the links with other global systems, and, at the same time, the serial heterogeneity. For these re

Aadesh Neupane, Eric G Mercer, Michael A. Goodrich

Temporal logic can be used to formally specify autonomous agent goals, but synthesizing planners that guarantee goal satisfaction can be computationally prohibitive. This paper shows how to turn goals specified using a subset of finite trace Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) into a behavior tree (BT) that guarantees that successful traces satisfy the LTL goal. Use

Timothy Doyeon Kim, Tankut Can, Kamesh Krishnamurthy

Understanding how the dynamics in biological and artificial neural networks implement the computations required for a task is a salient open question in machine learning and neuroscience. In particular, computations requiring complex memory storage and retrieval pose a significant challenge for these networks to implement or learn. Recently, a family of mode

Skye R. Heiland, Arka Chatterjee, Samar Safi-Harb, Arghajit Jana

Black hole X-ray binaries (BHXRBs) play a crucial role in understanding the accretion of matter onto a black hole. Here, we focus on exploring the transient BHXRB \source~discovered by Swift/BAT and MAXI/GSC during its January 2019 outburst. We present measurements on its accretion properties, long time-scale variability, and spin. To probe these properties

Sean M. Bresler, David A. Long, Benjamin J. Reschovsky, Yiliang. Bao

We describe a GPU-enabled approach for real-time optical frequency comb spectroscopy in which data is recorded, Fourier transformed, normalized, and fit at data rates up to 2.2 GB/s. As an initial demonstration we have applied this approach to rapidly interrogate the motion of an optomechanical accelerometer through the use of an electro-optic frequency comb

Guilhem Doulcier, Amaury Lambert

New automated and high-throughput methods allow the manipulation and selection of numerous bacterial populations. In this manuscript we are interested in the neutral diversity patterns that emerge from such a setup in which many bacterial populations are grown in parallel serial transfers, in some cases with population-wide extinction and splitting events. W

Lucas G. Meireles, Antonio F. B. de A. Prado, Maria Cecília Pereira, Cristiano F. de Melo

The study of asteroids, its composition and trajectories, has been a persistent interest in the space exploration community. In addition, they are also perceived as a great threat to life on Earth, considering the possibility of an impact with our planet. A considerable portion, around 15%, of the asteroid population are believed to be part of a double or tr

Raffaela Cabriolu, Sarah Dungan, Pietro Ballone

The propagation of light across 2D and 3D slabs of reflective colloidal particles in a fluid-like state has been investigated by simulation. The colloids are represented as hard spheres with and without an attractive square-well tail. Representative configurations of particles have been generated by Monte Carlo. The path of rays entering the slab normal to i

David Gabai, Patrick Naylor, Hannah Schwartz

Using a 5-dimensional perspective, we balance algebraic and geometric handle cancellation to show that doubles of Gluck twists of certain 2-spheres with two minima are standard. This includes all 2-spheres which are unions of ribbon discs, one of which has undisking number one. As an application, we produce new examples of Schoenflies balls not known to be s

Roger K. Ulrich, Tham Tran, John Boyden

The methods for reducing the observations from the 150-foot Tower Telescope on Mt.~Wilson are reviewed and a new method for determining the North/South (sectoral) and the East/West (zonal) velocity components is described and applied. Due to a calibration problem with the data prior to 1983, only observations between 1983 and 2013 are presented at this time.

Kalyan Ramakrishnan

Audio-Visual Event Localization (AVEL) is the task of temporally localizing and classifying \emph{audio-visual events}, i.e., events simultaneously visible and audible in a video. In this paper, we solve AVEL in a weakly-supervised setting, where only video-level event labels (their presence/absence, but not their locations in time) are available as supervis

Cheng Zeng, Andrew Neils, Jack Lesko, Nathan Post

Corrosion has a wide impact on society, causing catastrophic damage to structurally engineered components. An emerging class of corrosion-resistant materials are high-entropy alloys. However, high-entropy alloys live in high-dimensional composition and configuration space, making materials designs via experimental trial-and-error or brute-force ab initio cal

Luca Giacomelli, Cristiano Ciuti

The physics of a single Josephson junction coupled to a resistive environment is a long-standing fundamental problem at the center of an intense debate, strongly revived by the advent of superconducting platforms with high-impedance multimode resonators. Here we investigate the emergent criticality of a junction coupled to a multimode resonator when the numb

Mario Alviano, Giovambattista Ianni, Francesco Pacenza, Jessica Zangari

In imperative programming, the Domain-Driven Design methodology helps in coping with the complexity of software development by materializing in code the invariants of a domain of interest. Code is cleaner and more secure because any implicit assumption is removed in favor of invariants, thus enabling a fail fast mindset and the immediate reporting of unexpec

Antonio Fernando Bertachini de Almeida Prado

The goal of the present paper is to make a numerical analysis of parametric optimization of low thrust orbital maneuver. An orbital maneuver occurs when it is necessary to modify the orbit a space vehicle to change its function or to correct effects of perturbations. A parametric optimization is made when the thrust is not free to point to any direction, but

Ramin Ghorbani, Marcel J. T. Reinders, David M. J. Tax

Photoplethysmography (PPG) signals, typically acquired from wearable devices, hold significant potential for continuous fitness-health monitoring. In particular, heart conditions that manifest in rare and subtle deviating heart patterns may be interesting. However, robust and reliable anomaly detection within these data remains a challenge due to the scarcit

Tung Nguyen, Alex Scott, Paul Seymour

We show that for every two cycles $C,D$, there exists $c>0$ such that if $G$ is both $C$-free and $\overline{D}$-free then $G$ has a clique or stable set of size at least $|G|^c$. ("$H$-free" means with no induced subgraph isomorphic to $H$, and $\overline{D}$ denotes the complement graph of $D$.) Since the five-vertex cycle $C_5$ is isomorphic to its comple

Alexander Laroche, Joshua S. Speagle

The recent release of 220+ million BP/RP spectra in $\textit{Gaia}$ DR3 presents an opportunity to apply deep learning models to an unprecedented number of stellar spectra, at extremely low-resolution. The BP/RP dataset is so massive that no previous spectroscopic survey can provide enough stellar labels to cover the BP/RP parameter space. We present an unsu

Giorgio Arcadi, Glauber C. Dorsch, Jacinto P. Neto, Farinaldo S. Queiroz

We assess the complementarity between colliders, direct detection searches, and gravitational wave interferometry in probing a scenario of dark matter in the early universe. The model under consideration contains a $B-L$ gauge symmetry and a vector-like fermion which acts as the dark matter candidate. The fermion induces significant a large dark matter-nucle

Giacomo Merzoni, Leonardo Martinelli, Lucio Braicovich, Nicholas B. Brookes

In strongly correlated systems the complete determination of the dynamical susceptibility $\chi(\textbf{q}, \omega)$ is of special relevance because of the entwinement of the spin and charge components. Although Resonant Inelastic X-Ray Scattering (RIXS) spectra are directly related to both the charge ($\chi''_c(\textbf{q}, \omega)$) and the spin ($\chi''_s(

Gregor Rihtaršič, Veronica Biffi, Dunja Fabjan, Klaus Dolag

(Abridged) Cluster environment has a strong impact on the star formation rate and AGN activity in cluster galaxies. In this work, we investigate the behaviour of different galaxy populations in galaxy clusters and their vicinity by means of cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. We studied galaxies with stellar mass $\log M_\ast (M_\odot) > 10.15$ in galax

Devendra Singh Bhakuni, Talía L. M. Lezama, Yevgeny Bar Lev

We study quantum transport in a quasiperiodic Aubry-Andr\'e-Harper (AAH) model induced by the coupling of the system to a Markovian heat bath. We find that coupling the heat bath locally does not affect transport in the delocalized and critical phases, while it induces logarithmic transport in the localized phase. Increasing the number of coupled sites at th

Andrew Chael, Alexandru Lupsasca, George N. Wong, Eliot Quataert

In 1977, Blandford and Znajek showed that the electromagnetic field surrounding a rotating black hole can harvest its spin energy and use it to power a collimated astrophysical jet, such as the one launched from the center of the elliptical galaxy M87. Today, interferometric observations with the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) are delivering high-resolution,

Ke Ren, Muwei Wu, Shou-Shu Gong, Dao-Xin Yao

We systematically study the effects of higher-order interactions on the S = 3/2, 1 orthogonal dimer chains using exact diagonalization and density matrix renormalization group. Due to frustration and higher spin, there are rich quantum phases, including three Haldane phases, two gapless phases and several magnetically ordered phases. To characterize these ph

Johannes Jakob Meyer, Sumeet Khatri, Daniel Stilck França, Jens Eisert

In quantum metrology, one of the major applications of quantum technologies, the ultimate precision of estimating an unknown parameter is often stated in terms of the Cram\'er-Rao bound. Yet, the latter is no longer guaranteed to carry an operational meaning in the regime where few measurement samples are obtained, which we illustrate through a simple exampl

Francesca Acanfora, Roberto Franceschini, Alessio Mastroddi, Diego Redigolo

We consider an axion-like particle coupled to the Standard Model photons and decaying invisibly at Belle II. We propose a new search in the $e^+e^-+\text{invisible}$ channel that we compare against the standard $\gamma+\text{invisible}$ channel. We find that the $e^+e^-+\text{invisible}$ channel has the potential to ameliorate the reach for the whole ALP mas

Cressida Cleland, Sean L. McGee, Matt Nicholl

We analyse 33 Type I superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) taken from ZTF's Bright Transient Survey to investigate the local environments of their host galaxies. We use a spectroscopic sample of galaxies from the SDSS to determine the large-scale environmental density of the host galaxy. Noting that SLSNe are generally found in galaxies with low stellar masses, h

Pulastya Parekh, David Tempo, Ricardo Troncoso

Two types of Carrollian field theories are shown to emerge from finite current-current deformations of toroidal CFT$_{2}$'s when the deformation coupling is precisely fixed, up to a sign. In both cases the energy and momentum densities fulfill the BMS$_{3}$ algebra. Applying these results to the bosonic string, one finds that the electric-like deformation (p

Xiaofan Wu, Yahui Zhang

There have been lots of interest in two-dimensional (2D) fractional phases with an emergent U (1) gauge field. However, many experimental realizations are actually in three-dimensional (3D) systems with infinitely stacked 2D layers. Then a natural question arises: starting from the decoupling limit with 2+1d U (1) gauge field in each layer, how does the gaug

Martina O. Soldini, Felix Küster, Glenn Wagner, Souvik Das

Localized or propagating Majorana boundary modes are the key feature of topological superconductors. They are rare in naturally-occurring compounds, but the tailored manipulation of quantum matter offers opportunities for their realization. Specifically, lattices of Yu-Shiba-Rusinov bound states $-$ Shiba lattices $-$ that arise when magnetic adatoms are pla

Nikolay Bobev, Marina David, Junho Hong, Rishi Mouland

We construct a general asymptotically locally AdS$_7$ stationary black hole solution of 7d maximal gauged supergravity with three angular momenta and two electric charges. When embedded in 11d supergravity the black hole describes the backreaction of $N$ coincident rotating M5-branes. We study the thermodynamic properties of the black hole and present explic

Yu-Ching Chen, Xin Liu, Joseph Lazio, Peter Breiding

Dual and off-nucleus active supermassive black holes are expected to be common in the hierarchical structure formation paradigm, but their identification at parsec scales remains a challenge due to strict angular resolution requirements. We conduct a systematic study using the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) to examine 23 radio-bright candidate dual and off-

Inbar Seroussi, Asaf Miron, Zohar Ringel

Physically informed neural networks (PINNs) are a promising emerging method for solving differential equations. As in many other deep learning approaches, the choice of PINN design and training protocol requires careful craftsmanship. Here, we suggest a comprehensive theoretical framework that sheds light on this important problem. Leveraging an equivalence

Bo Yang

We show that even in the limit of large cyclotron gap, Landau level (LL) mixing can be dominant with scale-free interaction between charged ``elementary particles" in a fractional quantum Hall system, as long as the filling factor exceeds certain critical values. The corresponding Hamiltonians with scale-free interaction can serve as exact model Hamiltonians

Megan Taylor Tillman, Blakesley Burkhart, Stephanie Tonnesen, Simeon Bird

We explore the role of galactic feedback on the low redshift Lyman-$\alpha$ (Ly$\alpha$)~forest ($z \lesssim 2$) statistics and its potential to alter the thermal state of the intergalactic medium. Using the Cosmology and Astrophysics with Machine Learning Simulations (CAMELS) suite, we explore variations of the AGN and stellar feedback models in the Illustr

Thomas Becher, Matthias Neubert, Ding Yu Shao, Michel Stillger

We present a systematic formalism based on a factorization theorem in soft-collinear effective theory to describe non-global observables at hadron colliders, such as gap-between-jets cross sections. The cross sections are factorized into convolutions of hard functions, capturing the dependence on the partonic center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{\hat s}$, and low-en

Rosemary T. Coogan, Mark T. Sargent, Anna Cibinel, Isabella Prandoni

SKA-MID surveys will be the first in the radio domain to achieve clearly sub-arcsecond resolution at high sensitivity over large areas, opening new science applications for galaxy evolution. To investigate the potential of these surveys, we create simulated SKA-MID images of a $\sim$0.04 deg$^{2}$ region of GOODS-North, constructed using multi-band HST imagi

Dong Yuan, Shun-Yao Zhang, Dong-Ling Deng

We discover a variety of exact quantum many-body scars in higher-spin kinetically constrained models, through the recently developed DMRG-S algorithm [Zhang et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 020402]. Specifically, for the higher-spin PXP model on arbitrary bipartite lattices of any spatial dimension, we find exact many-body scars that are equidistantly spaced in

Aaron Bello-Arufe, Heather A. Knutson, João M. Mendonça, Michael M. Zhang

Extremely low-density exoplanets are tantalizing targets for atmospheric characterization because of their promisingly large signals in transmission spectroscopy. We present the first analysis of the atmosphere of the lowest-density gas giant currently known, HAT-P-67 b. This inflated Saturn-mass exoplanet sits at the boundary between hot and ultrahot gas gi

Dimitri P. Skliros

One of the subtleties that has made superstring perturbation theory intricate at high string loop order is the fact that as shown by Donagi and Witten, supermoduli space is not holomorphically projected, nor is it holomorphically split. In recent years, Sen (further refined by Sen and Witten) has introduced the notion of vertical integration in moduli space.

Vaishnavi L. Addala, Shu Ge, Stefan Krastanov

Quantum Entanglement is a fundamentally important resource in Quantum Information Science; however, generating it in practice is plagued by noise and decoherence, limiting its utility. Entanglement distillation and forward error correction are the tools we employ to combat this noise, but designing the best distillation and error correction circuits that fun

Hiromichi Tagawa, Shigeo S. Kimura, Zoltán Haiman

Some Seyfert galaxies are detected in high-energy gamma rays, but the mechanism and site of gamma-ray emission are unknown. Also, the origins of the cosmic high-energy neutrino and MeV gamma-ray backgrounds have been veiled in mystery since their discoveries. We propose emission from stellar-mass BHs (sBHs) embedded in disks of active galactic nuclei (AGN) a

Rodrigo Córdova Rosado, Brandon S. Hensley, Susan E. Clark, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden

We present a cross-correlation analysis between $1'$ resolution total intensity and polarization observations from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) at 150 and 220 GHz and 15$''$ mid-infrared photometry from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) over 107 12.5$^\circ\times$12.5$^\circ$ patches of sky. We detect a spatially isotropic signal in the

Raphael E. Hviding, Ryan Hickox, P. Väisänen, Rajin Ramphul

We present Fabry-P\'erot (FP) imaging and longslit spectroscopy of the nearby Seyfert II galaxy NGC 1068 using the Robert Stobie Spectrograph (RSS) on the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT) to observe the impact of the central Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) on the ionized gas in the galaxy on kiloparsec scales. With SALT RSS FP we are able to observe the

Kaiyi Huang, Chengqi Duan, Kaiyue Sun, Enze Xie

Despite the impressive advances in text-to-image models, they often struggle to effectively compose complex scenes with multiple objects, displaying various attributes and relationships. To address this challenge, we present T2I-CompBench++, an enhanced benchmark for compositional text-to-image generation. T2I-CompBench++ comprises 8,000 compositional text p

Danial Langeroodi, Jens Hjorth

The empirical anti-correlation between gas-phase metallicity and star formation rate (SFR) at a fixed stellar mass, known as the fundamental metallicity relation (FMR), is commonly interpreted as an equilibrium state in the interplay between gas infall, enrichment, and gas removal. JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy has shown a $z>3$ deviation from the local-universe

Nithin Raghavan, Yan Xiao, Kai-En Lin, Tiancheng Sun

Precomputed Radiance Transfer (PRT) remains an attractive solution for real-time rendering of complex light transport effects such as glossy global illumination. After precomputation, we can relight the scene with new environment maps while changing viewpoint in real-time. However, practical PRT methods are usually limited to low-frequency spherical harmonic

Seyed Ali Hashemian, Farid Ashtiani

Despite the long history of research on slotted ALOHA, the exact analysis of the average delay is still in question as the performance of each node is coupled with the activity of other nodes. In this paper, we consider a network comprised of two half-duplex transmitter nodes with asynchronous arrival traffic that follow the slotted ALOHA protocol. We propos

A. V. Baeva, N. G. Veselkova, N. I. Masalaeva, I. V. Sokolov

In this paper, we consider the preparation of Schr\"odinger cat states using a measurement-assisted gate based on the Fock resource state, the quantum non-demolition (QND) entangling operation, and the homodyne measurement. Previously we have investigated the gate, which for the same goal uses the ancillary non-Gaussian cubic phase state generated from quadr

Andi Peng, Aviv Netanyahu, Mark Ho, Tianmin Shu

Policies often fail due to distribution shift -- changes in the state and reward that occur when a policy is deployed in new environments. Data augmentation can increase robustness by making the model invariant to task-irrelevant changes in the agent's observation. However, designers don't know which concepts are irrelevant a priori, especially when differen

Tushar Kanti Bose

Exploring the quantum walk as a tool of generating various probability distributions and quantum entanglements is a topic of current interest. In the present work, we use extensive numerical simulations to investigate the influence of generic quantum coins on the hybrid entanglement and spreading behavior of different binary quantum walks with time and posit

Raúl López-Rueda, Santiago Escobar, Julia Sapiña

Narrowing and unification are very useful tools for symbolic analysis of rewrite theories, and thus for any model that can be specified in that way. A very clear example of their application is the field of formal cryptographic protocol analysis, which is why narrowing and unification are used in tools such as Maude-NPA, Tamarin and Akiss. In this work we pr

Anne-Christine Davis, Scott Melville

We revisit the connection between relativistic orbital precession, the Laplace-Runge-Lenz symmetry, and the $t$-channel discontinuity of scattering amplitudes. Applying this to scalar-tensor theories of gravity, we compute the conservative potential and orbital precession induced by both conformal/disformal-type couplings at second Post-Minkowskian order ($\

Marco Turchetta, Manuel Linares, Karri Koljonen, Bidisha Sen

We present the first multi-band optical light curves of PSR J1622-0315, among the most compact known redback binary millisecond pulsars, with an orbital period Porb=3.9 h. We find a flux modulation with two maxima per orbital cycle and a peak-to-peak amplitude of about 0.3 mag, which we attribute to the ellipsoidal shape of the tidally distorted companion st

M. P. Piccirilli, G. León

Unimodular gravity is an alternative theory of gravity to general relativity. The gravitational field equations are given by the trace-free version of Einstein's field equations. Due to the structure of the theory, unimodular gravity admits a diffusion term that characterizes a possible non-conservation of the canonical energy-momentum tensor locally. Employ

Yao Liu, Pratik Chaudhari, Rasool Fakoor

The main challenge of offline reinforcement learning, where data is limited, arises from a sequence of counterfactual reasoning dilemmas within the realm of potential actions: What if we were to choose a different course of action? These circumstances frequently give rise to extrapolation errors, which tend to accumulate exponentially with the problem horizo

Giovanna Bonfanti, Elisa Davoli, Riccarda Rossi

We perform a dimension reduction analysis for a coupled rate-dependent/rate-independent adhesive-contact model in the setting of visco-elastodynamic plates. We work with a weak solvability notion inspired by the theory of (purely) rate-independent processes, and accordingly term the related solutions `Semistable Energetic'. For Semistable Energetic solutions

Lluís Hernández-Navarro, Matthew Asker, Alastair M. Rucklidge, Mauro Mobilia

There is a pressing need to better understand how microbial populations respond to antimicrobial drugs, and to find mechanisms to possibly eradicate antimicrobial-resistant cells. The inactivation of antimicrobials by resistant microbes can often be viewed as a cooperative behavior leading to the coexistence of resistant and sensitive cells in large populati

Jiaqi Fang, Neranga Fernando, Haoming Wu

We investigate fixed points and cycle types of permutation polynomials and complete permutation polynomials arising from reversed Dickson polynomials of the first kind and second kind over $\mathbb{F}_p$. We also study the permutation behaviour of reversed Dickson polynomials of the first kind and second kind over $\mathbb{Z}_m$. Moreover, we prove two speci

V. A. Allakhverdyan, A. D. Avrorin, A. V. Avrorin, V. M. Aynutdinov

Baikal-GVD has recently published its first measurement of the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux, performed using high-energy cascade-like events. We further explore the Baikal-GVD cascade dataset collected in 2018-2022, with the aim to identify possible associations between the Baikal-GVD neutrinos and known astrophysical sources. We leverage the relative

Benjamin Grimmer

This work establishes new convergence guarantees for gradient descent in smooth convex optimization via a computer-assisted analysis technique. Our theory allows nonconstant stepsize policies with frequent long steps potentially violating descent by analyzing the overall effect of many iterations at once rather than the typical one-iteration inductions used

Sajani Vithana, Sennur Ulukus

In federated submodel learning (FSL), a machine learning model is divided into multiple submodels based on different types of data used for training. Each user involved in the training process only downloads and updates the submodel relevant to the user's local data, which significantly reduces the communication cost compared to classical federated learning

Kishan Govind, Daniela Oliveros, Antonin Dlouhy, Marc Legros

Crystalline defects, such as line-like dislocations, play an important role for the performance and reliability of many metallic devices. Their interaction and evolution still poses a multitude of open questions to materials science and materials physics. In-situ TEM experiments can provide important insights into how dislocations behave and move. During suc

G. Beuf, H. Hänninen, T. Lappi, H. Mäntysaari

We calculate the contribution from the $q \bar q g$ state production to the diffractive cross sections in deep inelastic scattering at high energy. The obtained cross section is finite by itself, and consists a part of the full next-to-leading order result for the diffractive structure functions. Our calculation for the diffractive structure functions is per

Emmanuel Frion, David Camarena, Leonardo Giani, Tays Miranda

We consider cosmological models in which Dark Matter (DM) and Dark Energy (DE) are described by a single component, dubbed Unified Dark Matter (UDM) models, in which the DE-like part can have an equation state $<-1$ at late times without violating the null energy condition. In this paper, we investigate whether this feature can relieve the Hubble tension. We

Massimo Villarini

A celebrated theorem of Lagrange states that a solution of the wave equation with one-dimensional space variable is the uniform limit, as N tends to infinity, of a second order ODE obtained from a mechanical model discretizing a string as N identical harmonic oscillators. Answering to a question posed by G. Gallavotti we generalize this result to the case of

Tommaso Grigoletto, Francesco Ticozzi

A general approach to obtain reduced models for a wide class of discrete-time quantum systems is proposed. The obtained models not only reproduce exactly the output of a given quantum model, but are also guaranteed to satisfy physical constraints, namely complete positivity and preservation of total probability. A fundamental framework for exact model reduct

M. Eren Akbiyik

Noise injection is a fundamental tool for data augmentation, and yet there is no widely accepted procedure to incorporate it with learning frameworks. This study analyzes the effects of adding or applying different noise models of varying magnitudes to Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures. Noise models that are distributed with different density

Vlad-Ioan Luca, Madalina Erascu

Cloud computing has brought a fundamental transformation in how organizations operate their applications, enabling them to achieve affordable high availability of services. Kubernetes has emerged as the preferred choice for container orchestration and service management across many Cloud computing platforms. The scheduler in Kubernetes plays a crucial role i

Connie On Yu Hui

Rod packings are used in crystallography to describe crystal structures with linear or zigzag chains of particles, and each rod packing can be topologically viewed as a collection of disjoint geodesics in the 3-torus. Hui and Purcell developed a method to study the complements of rods in the 3-torus with the use of 3-dimensional geometry and tools from the 3

Shuangkui Guang, Na Li, Qing Huang, Ke Xia

We report a study on low-temperature heat transport of Kitaev magnet Na$_2$Co$_2$TeO$_6$, with the heat current and magnetic fields along the honeycomb spin layer (the $ab$ plane). The zero-field thermal conductivity of $\kappa^a_{xx}$ and $\kappa^{a*}_{xx}$ display similar temperature dependence and small difference in their magnitudes; whereas, their magne

Philipp Scheiger, Ronny Nawrodt, Holger Cartarius

Studying worked examples has been shown by extensive research to be an effective method for learning to solve well-structured problems in physics and mathematics. The effectiveness of learning with worked examples has been demonstrated and documented in many research projects. In this work, we propose a new four-step approach for teaching with worked example

Matthew Asker, Lluís Hernández-Navarro, Alastair M. Rucklidge, Mauro Mobilia

Microbial populations generally evolve in volatile environments, under conditions fluctuating between harsh and mild, e.g. as the result of sudden changes in toxin concentration or nutrient abundance. Environmental variability thus shapes the long-time population dynamics, notably by influencing the ability of different strains of microorganisms to coexist.

Shengbo Gao, Ziji Zhang, Jiechao Ma, Zihao Li

Semi-supervised learning has become increasingly popular in medical image segmentation due to its ability to leverage large amounts of unlabeled data to extract additional information. However, most existing semi-supervised segmentation methods only focus on extracting information from unlabeled data, disregarding the potential of labeled data to further imp

Nathaniel K. Green, Edward D. Kim

We prove that the coefficient of $t^2$ in $\mathsf{trace}((A+tB)^6)$ is a sum of squares in the entries of the symmetric matrices $A$ and $B$.

Florian Sextl, Adam Rogalewicz, Tomáš Vojnar, Florian Zuleger

Biabduction-based shape analysis is a compositional verification and analysis technique that can prove memory safety in the presence of complex, linked data structures. Despite its usefulness, several open problems persist for this kind of analysis; two of which we address in this paper. On the one hand, the original analysis is path-sensitive but cannot com

Sung Joon Maeng, Ozgur Ozdemir, Ismail Guvenc, Mihail L. Sichitiu

Radio dynamic zones (RDZs) are geographical areas within which dedicated spectrum resources are monitored and controlled to enable the development and testing of new spectrum technologies. Real-time spectrum awareness within an RDZ is critical for preventing interference with nearby incumbent users of the spectrum. In this paper, we consider a 3D RDZ scenari

Jacob K Goeree, Bernardo Garcia-Pola

$S$ equilibrium synthesizes a century of game-theoretic modeling. $S$-beliefs determine choices as in the refinement literature and level-$k$, without anchoring on Nash equilibrium or imposing ad hoc belief formation. $S$-choices allow for mistakes as in QRE, without imposing rational expectations. $S$ equilibrium is explicitly set-valued to avoid the common

Robert A. Fesen, Stefan Kimeswenger, J. Michael Shull, Marcel Drechsler

Drechsler et al. (2023) reported the unexpected discovery of a 1.5 degree long [O III] emission nebula 1.2 degrees southeast of the M31 nucleus. Here we present additional images of this large emission structure, called SDSO, along with radial velocity and flux measurements from low-dispersion spectra. Independent sets of [O III] images show SDSO to be compo

Ariel Elazary, Yotam Nitzan, Daniel Cohen-Or

In recent years, the role of image generative models in facial reenactment has been steadily increasing. Such models are usually subject-agnostic and trained on domain-wide datasets. The appearance of the reenacted individual is learned from a single image, and hence, the entire breadth of the individual's appearance is not entirely captured, leading these m

Lekang Jiang, Filip Svoboda, Nicholas D. Lane

Foundation models (FMs) have shown prominent success in a wide range of tasks. Their applicability to specific domain-task pairings relies on the availability of, both, high-quality data and significant computational resources. These challenges are not new to the field and, indeed, Federated Learning (FL) has been shown to be a promising solution in similar

Sohom Mukherjee, Nicolas Loizou, Sebastian U. Stich

Federated learning is a paradigm of distributed machine learning in which multiple clients coordinate with a central server to learn a model, without sharing their own training data. Standard federated optimization methods such as Federated Averaging (FedAvg) ensure balance among the clients by using the same stepsize for local updates on all clients. Howeve

Sebastian Keller, Aurélien Cavelan, Rubén Cabezon, Lucio Mayer

This paper presents an octree construction method, called Cornerstone, that facilitates global domain decomposition and interactions between particles in mesh-free numerical simulations. Our method is based on algorithms developed for 3D computer graphics, which we extend to distributed high performance computing (HPC) systems. Cornerstone yields global and

Jens Saak, Jonas Schulze

We suggest a technique to reduce the storage size of sparse matrices at no loss of information. We call this technique Diagonally-Adressed (DA) storage. It exploits the typically low matrix bandwidth of matrices arising in applications. For memory-bound algorithms, this traffic reduction has direct benefits for both uni-precision and multi-precision algorith