March 2025 arXiv papers — page 205

Sofia B. S. D. Castro, Claire M. Postlethwaite, Alastair M. Rucklidge

The concept of stability has a long history in the field of dynamical systems: stable invariant objects are the ones that would be expected to be observed in experiments and numerical simulations. Heteroclinic networks are invariant objects in dynamical systems associated with intermittent cycling and switching behaviour, found in a range of applications. In

Ryuya Hora, Yuhi Kamio, Yuki Maehara

In the topos of simplicial sets, it makes sense to ask the following question about a given natural number $n$: what is the minimum value $m$ such that $n$-skeletality implies $m$-coskeletality? This is an instance of the Aufhebung relation in the sense of Lawvere, who introduced this notion for an arbitrary Grothendieck topos $\mathcal{E}$ in place of $\mat

Shijie Zhu, Hui Zhao, Tianshu Wu, Pengjie Wang

Although multi-task learning (MTL) has been a preferred approach and successfully applied in many real-world scenarios, MTL models are not guaranteed to outperform single-task models on all tasks mainly due to the negative effects of conflicting gradients among the tasks. In this paper, we fully examine the influence of conflicting gradients and further emph

Xiaoyong Lu, Songlin Du

Existing state-of-the-art feature matchers capture long-range dependencies with Transformers but are hindered by high spatial complexity, leading to demanding training and highlatency inference. Striking a better balance between performance and efficiency remains a challenge in feature matching. Inspired by the linear complexity O(N) of Mamba, we propose an

Persefoni Konteli, Nikolaos Makris, Konstantinos Tsimvrakidis, Alkinoos Papageorgopoulos

We analyze the performance of Time-bin Phase and Polarization based QKD systems on mixed 14Km underground and 16Km of aerial fiber using plug-and-play commercial QKD systems.

Sarita de Berg, Frank Staals

In the nearest neighbor problem, we are given a set $S$ of point sites that we want to store such that we can find the nearest neighbor of a (new) query point efficiently. In the dynamic version of the problem, the goal is to design a data structure that supports both efficient queries and updates, i.e. insertions and deletions in $S$. This problem has been

Guofeng Quan, Wenfeng Feng, Chuzhan Hao, Guochao Jiang

Speculative decoding accelerates inference in large language models (LLMs) by generating draft tokens for target model verification. Current approaches for obtaining draft tokens rely on lightweight draft models or additional model structures to generate draft tokens and retrieve context from databases. Due to the draft model's small size and limited trainin

Di Fan, Tianyuan Zhu, Shi Liu

The antipolar $Pbcn$ phase of HfO$_2$ has been suggested to play an important role in the phase transition and polarization switching mechanisms in ferroelectric hafnia. In this study, we perform a comprehensive benchmark of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and deep potential molecular dynamics (DPMD) simulations to investigate the thermodynamic

Hazrat Ali, Nadia Boutabba, Amjad Sohail

Light dragging refers to the change in the path of light passing through a moving medium. This effect enables accurate detection of very slow speeds of light, which have prominent applications in state transfer, quantum gate operations, and quantum memory implementations. Here, to the best of our knowledge, we demonstrate the existence of the light-dragging

Jordan C. J. D'Silva, Simon P. Driver, Claudia D. P. Lagos, Aaron S. G. Robotham

The cosmic star formation history (CSFH) and cosmic active galactic nuclei (AGN) luminosity history (CAGNH) are self consistently measured at $z = 5.5-13.5$. This is achieved by analyzing galaxies detected by the James Webb Space Telescope from $\approx 400 \, \mathrm{arcmin^{2}}$ fields from the PEARLS, CEERS, NGDEEP, JADES and PRIMER surveys. In particular

Junhao Xu, Yanan Zhang, Zhi Cai, Di Huang

Multi-agent collaborative perception enhances perceptual capabilities by utilizing information from multiple agents and is considered a fundamental solution to the problem of weak single-vehicle perception in autonomous driving. However, existing collaborative perception methods face a dilemma between communication efficiency and perception accuracy. To addr

Sonia L Rueda

The correspondence between commutative rings of ordinary differential operators and algebraic curves has been extensively and deeply studied since the seminal works of Burchnall-Chaundy in 1923. This paper is an overview of recent developments to make this correspondence computationally effective, by means of differential algebra and symbolic computation. Th

Karthik Barma

In a world where data is the new currency, wearable health devices offer unprecedented insights into daily life, continuously monitoring vital signs and metrics. However, this convenience raises privacy concerns, as these devices collect sensitive data that can be misused or breached. Traditional measures often fail due to real-time data processing needs and

Zhe Zhang, Wenxin Ma, Jiajie Qiao, Xiaoliang Wu

The nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), as an efficient and green pathway for ammonia synthesis, plays a crucial role in achieving on-demand ammonia production. This study proposes a novel design concept based on dual-iron atomic sites and nitrogen-boron co-doped graphene catalysts, exploring their high efficiency in NRR. By modulating the N and B co-doped ra

Tobias Wegel, Gil Kur, Patrick Rebeschini

We study early-stopped mirror descent (ESMD) for high-dimensional Gaussian linear regression over arbitrary convex bodies and design matrices, where the task is to minimize the in-sample mean squared error. Our main result shows that some of the sharpest risk bounds for the least squares estimator (LSE), based on the local Gaussian width, extend to ESMD. We

Frank Aurzada, Max Helmer

We compute the rate of decay of the persistence probabilities of spherical fractional Brownian motion, which was defined by L\'evy (1965) and Istas (2005). The rate resembles the Euclidean case treated in Molchan (1999). As a by-product we consider the coefficients of series representations of functions with algebraic endpoint singularities in terms of re-sc

Shuoxing Zhou

Given a tracial von Neumann algebra $(M,\tau)$, we prove that a state preserving $M$-bimodular ucp map between two stationary W$^*$-extensions of $(M,\tau)$ preserves the Furstenberg entropy if and only if it induces an isomorphism between the Radon-Nikodym factors. With a similar proof, we extend this result to quasi-factor maps between stationary spaces of

Timothy C. Burness, Mikko Korhonen

Let $G$ be a nontrivial transitive permutation group on a finite set $\Omega$. By a classical theorem of Jordan, $G$ contains a derangement, which is an element with no fixed points on $\Omega$. Given a prime divisor $r$ of $|\Omega|$, we say that $G$ is $r$-elusive if it does not contain a derangement of order $r$. In a paper from 2011, Burness, Giudici and

Tianyi Huang

Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) pose severe threats to aquatic ecosystems and public health, resulting in substantial economic losses globally. Early detection is crucial but often hindered by the scarcity of high-quality datasets necessary for training reliable machine learning (ML) models. This study investigates the use of synthetic data augmentation using Ga

Mariusz Trzeciakiewicz, Aleixo Cambeiro Barreiro, Niklas Gard, Anna Hilsmann

Digitalization in the construction industry has become essential, enabling centralized, easy access to all relevant information of a building. Automated systems can facilitate the timely and resource-efficient documentation of changes, which is crucial for key processes such as progress tracking and quality control. This paper presents a method for image-bas

Apurba Sarkar, Kalyan Hansda, Makhan Maji

In this paper, we study the unit graph $ G(\mathbb{Z}_n) $, where $ n $ is of the form $n = p_1^{n_1} p_2^{n_2} \dots p_r^{n_r}$, with $ p_1, p_2, \dots, p_r $ being distinct prime numbers and $ n_1, n_2, \dots, n_r $ being positive integers. We establish the connectivity of $ G(\mathbb{Z}_n) $, show that its diameter is at most three, and analyze its edge c

Jason K. Kabarowski, Aditya S. Khair, Rahil N. Valani

The spontaneous (so-called Quincke) rotation of an uncharged, solid, dielectric, spherical particle under a steady electric field is analyzed, accounting for the inertia of the particle and the transient fluid inertia, or ``hydrodynamic memory,'' due to the unsteady Stokes flow around the particle. The dynamics of the particle are encapsulated in three coupl

Qiang Zhao, Rui Liu, Wen-Long Yang, Xue-Yan Wang

The spontaneous rotational symmetry breaking (RSB), a hallmark phenomenon in cuprate and iron-based high-temperature superconductors, is believed to intimately connected to superconductivity, both of which originate from interactions among different degrees of freedoms and competing quantum states. Understanding RSB is pivotal for unraveling the microscopic

Oleg Kachan, Andrey Savchenko, Gleb Gusev

SMOTE (Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique) is the established geometric approach to random oversampling to balance classes in the imbalanced learning problem, followed by many extensions. Its idea is to introduce synthetic data points of the minor class, with each new point being the convex combination of an existing data point and one of its k-neares

Jabez Magomere, Emanuele La Malfa, Manuel Tonneau, Ashkan Kazemi

Online misinformation remains a critical challenge, and fact-checkers increasingly rely on claim matching systems that use sentence embedding models to retrieve relevant fact-checks. However, as users interact with claims online, they often introduce edits, and it remains unclear whether current embedding models used in retrieval are robust to such edits. To

Bingzhe Hou, Chunlan Jiang

In 1954, I. Kaplansky proposed three test problems for deciding the strength of structural understanding of a class of mathematical objects in his treatise "Infinite abelian groups", which can be formulated for very general mathematical systems. In this paper, we focus on Kaplansky's second test problem in a context of complex geometry. Let $H^2_{\beta}$ be

Konstantinos Bampouras, Artur Nicolau

We prove that an inner function has finite $\mathcal{L} (p)$-entropy if and only if its accumulated M\"obius distortion is in $L^p$, $0<p<\infty$. We also study the support of the positive singular measures such that their corresponding singular inner functions have finite $\mathcal{L} (p)$-entropy.

Raquel Galazo García, Eric Jullo, Emmanuel Nezri, Marceau Limousin

We present a method to investigate the properties of solitonic cores in the Thomas-Fermi regime under the self-interacting scalar field dark matter framework. Using semi-analytical techniques, we characterize soliton signatures through their density profiles, gravitational lensing deflection angles, and surface mass density excess in the context of strong le

Wen-Qiang Liu, Hai-Rui Wei

Quantum entanglement plays an irreplaceable role in various remote quantum information processing tasks. Here we present protocols for generating deterministic and heralded $N$-qubit entangled states across multiple network nodes. By utilizing a pre-shared maximally entangled state and single-qubit operations within an indefinite causal order framework, the

Martina Russo, Giulia Bertolini, Vera Cappelletti, Cinzia De Marco

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are crucial biomarkers in liquid biopsy, offering a noninvasive tool for cancer patient management. However, their identification remains particularly challenging due to their limited number and heterogeneity. Labeling samples for contrast limits the generalization of fluorescence-based methods across different hospital dataset

S. Sadeghizade, R. Jafari, A. Langari

In the non-adiabatic dynamics across a quantum phase transition, the Kibble-Zurek paradigm describes that the average number of topological defects is suppressed as a universal power law with the quench time scale. A conflicting observation, which termed anti-Kibble-Zurek dynamics has been reported in several studies, specifically in the driven systems with

Levente Bodnár, Oleg Pikhurko

We consider two types of problems: maximising, over subsets $S\subseteq \{0,1\}^n$, the density of $d$-subcubes $C$ in the $n$-hypercube graph that span a subgraph such that $S\cap C$ is i) isomorphic to the given configuration $H\subseteq\{0,1\}^d$ (the inducibility problem), or ii) has the given size $s$ (the statistics problem). Using flag algebras, we de

Haiyang Chen, Yufeng Liu, Yashi Jiang, Changcang Qiao

Delicate engineering of the bands remains challenging due to complex electronic, structural, and compositional interplay. We demonstrate the formation of distinct metallic and insulating ground states in ultra-thin copper sulfide films by effectively tuning the band structure via changing the composition of Cu and S in the system. Using angle-resolved photoe

Bingsong Long

In this paper, we first investigate the mathematical aspects of supersonic flow of a Chaplygin gas past a conical wing with diamond-shaped cross sections in the case of a shock wave detached from the leading edges. The flow under consideration is governed by the three-dimensional steady compressible Euler equations. For the Chaplygin gas, all characteristics

Rüdiger Jehn, Kester Habermann, Misha Lavrov

When $n$ teams play in a football league with home and away matches against every opponent there are $M = n \cdot (n-1)$ matches. There are 3 possible match results: a victory is awarded 3 points, a draw 1 point and 0 points for a defeat. Hence we have $3^M$ possible outcomes. In this paper the number of ways is determined that a football league can complete

James Larrouy

In this work, we study the external and internal stability of minimal solutions to set-valued optimization problems in a new functional framework. We consider perturbations on both the objective function and the admissible domain. To address these problems, we introduce two variational convergences for sequences of set-valued maps, namely the Gamma-cone conv

K. Fahrion, M. A. Beasley, A. Gvozdenko, S. Guerra Arencibia

The ultra-diffuse galaxy (UDG) NGC1052-DF2 has captured the interest of astronomers ever since the low velocity dispersion measured from ten globular clusters (GCs) suggested a low dark matter fraction. Also, its GC system was found to be unusually bright, with a GC luminosity function peak at least one magnitude brighter than expected for a galaxy at a dist

Michael A. Beasley, Katja Fahrion, Sergio Guerra Arencibia, Anastasia Gvozdenko

We employ a new way to measure the distance to NGC1052-DF2 via internal stellar velocity dispersions ($\sigma$) of its globular clusters (GCs). We obtained deep (15.1h), R=18,200, Ca Triplet integrated-light spectra for 10 GCs in NGC1052-DF2 using FLAMES GIRAFFE on VLT. For five GCs we measure $\sigma$, along with precision velocities for the whole sample. W

Genheng Zhao

Let $A\subset [1,x]$ be a non-empty set of primes with $|A|= \alpha x(\log x)^{-1}$. We prove that there exist absolute constants $c_1,c_2>0$ such that, as $x$ gets sufficiently large, we have $|A+A|\geq c_1(\log x)(\log \log 3\alpha^{-1})^{-1}|A|$ if $\alpha \geq c_2(\log x)^{-1/2}\log \log x$ and otherwise $|A+A|\geq c_1(\log x) (\log 2\alpha^{-1})^{-1}|A|

Eden Saig, Nir Rosenfeld

When a prediction algorithm serves a collection of users, disparities in prediction quality are likely to emerge. If users respond to accurate predictions by increasing engagement, inviting friends, or adopting trends, repeated learning creates a feedback loop that shapes both the model and the population of its users. In this work, we introduce evolutionary

Sreeram PG, J. Bharathi Kannan, Ranjan Modak, S. Aravinda

Krylov complexity, a quantum complexity measure which uniquely characterizes the spread of a quantum state or an operator, has recently been studied in the context of quantum chaos. However, the definitiveness of this measure as a chaos quantifier is in question in light of its strong dependence on the initial condition. This article clarifies the connection

Hanyu Duan, Yi Yang, Ahmed Abbasi, Kar Yan Tam

Most research designing novel predictive models, or employing existing ones, assumes that training and testing data are independent and identically distributed. In practice, the data encountered at serving time often deviate from the training distribution, leading to substantial performance degradation and potential design validity and/or biased measurement

Hyerim Park, Malin Eiband, Andre Luckow, Michael Sedlmair

Generative AI (GenAI) tools are increasingly integrated into design workflows. While text prompts remain the primary input method for GenAI image tools, designers often struggle to craft effective ones. Moreover, research has primarily focused on input methods for ideation, with limited attention to refinement tasks. This study explores designers' preference

Kai Müller, Walter T. Strunz

We investigate the occurrence of genuine quantum effects and beyond mean-field physics in the balanced and unbalanced open Dicke model with a large, yet finite number of atoms $N$. Such driven and dissipative quantum many-body systems have recently been realized in experiments involving ultracold gases inside optical cavities and are known to obey mean-field

Adhish Anitha Vilasan, Stephan Jäger, Noah Klarmann

Automated defect detection in industrial manufacturing is essential for maintaining product quality and minimizing production errors. In air disc brake manufacturing, ensuring the precision of laser-engraved nameplates is crucial for accurate product identification and quality control. Engraving errors, such as misprints or missing characters, can compromise

Valeria Maslova, Georgy Ermolaev, Evgeny S. Andrianov, Aleksey V. Arsenin

Topological singularities of optical response functions -- such as reflection amplitudes -- enable elegant practical applications ranging from analog signal processing to novel molecular sensing approaches. A phase singularity-based refractometric sensor monitors the rapidly evolving argument of the optical field near the point of phase singularity, in contr

Zhichao Guo, Zhuocheng Lu, Hua Wang, Kai Chang

We investigate the photocurrent induced by bicircular light (BCL) in materials, with a focus on its multi-state geometric nature. BCL, a combination of left- and right-circularly polarized light, can generate both injection and shift currents, originating from the geometric properties of gauge-invariant shift vectors, quantum geometric tensors, and triple-ph

Dāvis Kažemaks, Jérémie Decouchant

The microservice software architecture leverages the idea of splitting large monolithic applications into multiple smaller services that interact using lightweight communication schemes. While the microservice architecture has proven its ability to support modern business applications, it also introduces new possible weak points in a system. Some scientific

Muhammet Hevesli, Abegaz Mohammed Seid, Aiman Erbad, Mohamed Abdallah

Mobile edge computing (MEC)-enabled air-ground networks are a key component of 6G, employing aerial base stations (ABSs) such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) to provide dynamic services to ground IoT devices (IoTDs). These IoTDs support real-time applications (e.g., multimedia and Metaverse services) that demand

Sonia Pérez-Díaz, Li-Yong Shen, Xin-Yu Wang, R. Magdalena-Benedicto

Let C represent an irreducible algebraic space curve defined by the real polynomials fi(x1, x2, x3) for i = 1, 2. It is a recognized fact that a birational relationship invariably exists between the points on C and those on an associated irreducible plane curve, denoted as Cp. In this work, we leverage this established relationship to delineate the asymptoti

José L. Cereceda

Recently, E. Samsonadze (arXiv:2411.11859v1) has given an explicit formula for the sums of powers of integers $S_k(n) = 1^k +2^k +\cdots + n^k$. In this short note, we show that Samsonadze's formula corresponds to a well-known formula for $S_k(n)$ involving the Stirling numbers of the second kind.

Anthony G. A. Brown, Ulrich Bastian, Sergei Klioner

A recent paper demonstrated the existence of a secular aberration drift term in stellar proper motions that arises when transforming an astrometric catalogue defined for an observer at rest with respect to the solar system barycentre to some other reference frame in which, for example, the observer is at rest with respect to the Galactic centre. Such a trans

Alessandro Calamai, Matteo Franca, Michal Pospisil

We consider a $2$-dimensional autonomous system subject to a $1$-periodic perturbation, i.e. $$ \dot{\vec{x}}=\vec{f}(\vec{x})+\epsilon\vec{g}(t,\vec{x},\epsilon),\quad \vec{x}\in\Omega .$$ We assume that for $\epsilon=0$ there is a trajectory $\vec{\gamma}(t)$ homoclinic to the origin which is a critical point: in this context Melnikov theory provides a suf

Kristoffer Lindvall, Rickard Holmberg, Katarina Bendtz, Jan Scheffel

The Novatron is a fusion concept characterized by its axisymmetric mirror-cusp magnetic topology. The magnetic field exhibits good curvature and a high mirror ratio. Plasma equilibrium profiles for the Novatron are obtained by solving an axisymmetric guiding-center anisotropic boundary-value problem. These profiles are then analyzed with respect to several M

Soukaina Ezzeroual, Brahim Sadik

In this work, we utilize infinitesimal symmetries to compute Maxwell points which play a crucial role in studying sub-Riemannian control problems. By examining the infinitesimal symmetries of the geometric control problem on the SH(2) group, particularly through its Lie algebraic structure, we identify invariant quantities and constraints that streamline the

Roberto Menta, Pablo G. Debenedetti, Roberto Car, Pablo M. Piaggi

Molecular chirality is a key concept in chemistry with implications for the origin of life and the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals. Previous simulations of a chiral molecular model with an energetic bias towards homochiral interactions show a spontaneous symmetry-breaking transition from a supercritical racemic liquid into a subcritical liquid enriched in o

Vipul Garg, Ishita Thakre, Sayan Ranu

Model merging has gained prominence in machine learning as a method to integrate multiple trained models into a single model without accessing the original training data. While existing approaches have demonstrated success in domains such as computer vision and NLP, their application to Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) remains unexplored. These methods often rel

Alaa Mazouz, Sumanta Chaudhuri, Marco Cagnanzzo, Mihai Mitrea

Learnable Image Compression (LIC) has shown the potential to outperform standardized video codecs in RD efficiency, prompting the research for hardware-friendly implementations. Most existing LIC hardware implementations prioritize latency to RD-efficiency and through an extensive exploration of the hardware design space. We present a novel design paradigm w

Eddie L. Ungless, Zachary Horne, Björn Ross

There are countless examples of how AI can cause harm, and increasing evidence that the public are willing to ascribe blame to the AI itself, regardless of how "illogical" this might seem. This raises the question of whether and how the public might expect AI to be punished for this harm. However, public expectations of the punishment of AI have been vastly

Daniel Dold, Julius Kobialka, Nicolai Palm, Emanuel Sommer

Understanding the structure of neural network loss surfaces, particularly the emergence of low-loss tunnels, is critical for advancing neural network theory and practice. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to directly embed loss tunnels into the loss landscape of neural networks. Exploring the properties of these loss tunnels offers new insights into

Abdelmahjid Elmahjoubi, Mala Rao, Alexandre Ivanov, Andrei Postnikov

Inelastic neutron scattering measurements on the hexagonal Zn67Mg33S semiconductor alloy reveal a bimodal pattern of the optical modes across the Brillouin zone, confirmed by first-principles simulations. Such modes are sensitive to the local fluctuations in the composition inherent to random Zn/Mg alloying, distinguishing homo from hetero environments of a

Alou Dembele, Nouhoum Souleymane Coulibaly, Michael Leventhal

Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing (NLP) have improved the representation of underrepresented languages. However, most languages, including Mali's 13 official national languages, continue to be poorly supported or unsupported by automatic translation and generative AI. This situation appears to have slightly impro

Chiyue Wei, Cong Guo, Feng Cheng, Shiyu Li

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are highly efficient due to their spike-based activation, which inherently produces bit-sparse computation patterns. Existing hardware implementations of SNNs leverage this sparsity pattern to avoid wasteful zero-value computations, yet this approach fails to fully capitalize on the potential efficiency of SNNs. This study intr

Shunxuan He, Yang Huang, XinYi Li, Huawei Zhang

Utilizing Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) data and existing RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) catalogs, this study achieves the first calibration of the $P - \phi_{31} - R_{21} - \text{[Fe/H]}$ and $P-\phi_{31}-A_{2}-A_{1}-\text{[Fe/H]}$ relations in the ZTF photometric system for RRab and RRc stars. We also re-calibrate the period-absolute magnitude-metallicity (PMZ) a

J. D. Livingston, A. S. Nikonov, S. A. Dzib, L. C. Debbrecht

Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are some of the most luminous and extreme environments in the Universe. The central engines of AGN, believed to be super-massive black-holes, are fed by accretion discs threaded by magnetic fields within a dense magneto-ionic medium. We report our findings from polarimetric Very-long-baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations of

Grzegorz Centała, Jarosław W. Kłos

This study investigates magneto-rotational coupling as a distinct contribution to magnetoelastic interactions, which can be influenced by magnetic anisotropy. We determine magneto-rotational coupling coefficients that incorporate the shape anisotropy of a magnetic nanoelement (strip) and demonstrate that this type of coupling can be modified through geometri

Rishabh Vishwakarma, Caroline Brophy, Catherine Hurley

Effective visualisation of multidimensional data is crucial for generating insights. Glyph-based visualisations, which encode data dimensions onto multiple visual channels such as colour, shape, and size, provide an effective means of representing complex datasets. Pie-chart glyphs (pie-glyphs) are one such approach, where multiple data attributes are mapped

Shi-Hao Ding, Li-Jun Lang, Qizhong Zhu, Liang He

We investigate the ground-state and dynamical properties of ultracold Bose gases in optical lattices with a quasicrystal structure, inspired by recent experiments on twisted bilayer and quasicrystalline optical lattices. The interplay between on-site repulsive interactions and the quasiperiodic potential leads to rich physics. At low filling factors, increas

Yanyan Bu, Xiyang Sun

Using a holographic prescription for the Schwinger-Keldysh closed time path, we derive the effective action for a dissipative neutral fluid holographically described by the Einstein gravity in an asymptotic AdS spacetime. In the saddle point approximation for the dual gravity, the goal is achieved by solving the double Dirichlet problem for the linearized gr

Jie Deng, Fengtian Lang, Zikang Yuan, Xin Yang

Accurate localization is essential for robotics and augmented reality applications such as autonomous navigation. Vision-based methods combining prior maps aim to integrate LiDAR-level accuracy with camera cost efficiency for robust pose estimation. Existing approaches, however, often depend on unreliable interpolation procedures when associating discrete po

Pedram Asef, Mouloud Denai, Johannes J. H. Paulides, Bruno Ricardo Marques

The commutation angle is defined as the angle between the fundamental of the motor phase current and the fundamental of the back-EMF. It can be utilised to provide a compensating effect in IPMSMs. This is due to the reluctance torque component being dependent on the commutation angle of the phase current even before entering the extended speed range. A real-

Michele Masseroni, Isaac Soltero, James G. Hugh, Igor Rozhansky

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have garnered significant research interest due to the variation in band-edge locations within the hexagonal Brillouin zone between single-layer and bulk configurations. In monolayers, the conduction band minima are centered at the $K$-points, whereas in multilayers, they shift to the $Q$-points, midway between the $\G

Nimra Dilawar, Sara Nadeem, Javed Iqbal, Waqas Sultani

Existing generic unsupervised domain adaptation approaches require access to both a large labeled source dataset and a sufficient unlabeled target dataset during adaptation. However, collecting a large dataset, even if unlabeled, is a challenging and expensive endeavor, especially in medical imaging. In addition, constraints such as privacy issues can result

E. I. Kaptsov, V. A. Dorodnitsyn

It is demonstrated that one of the equations from the Lie classification list of second-order ODEs is a first integral of the Schwarz equation. As symmetry-preserving finite-difference schemes have been previously constructed for both equations, the preservation of a similar connection between these schemes is studied. It is shown that the schemes for the Sc

Kai Müller, Walter T. Strunz

Systems in contact with an environment provide a ubiquitous challenge in quantum dynamics. Many fascinating phenomena can arise if the coupling is strong, leading to non-Markovian dynamics of the system, or collective, where the environment can become highly excited. We introduce a significant improvement of the Hierarchy of Pure States (HOPS) approach, whic

Xiaotong Zhang, Alexander Broersen, Gonnie CM van Erp, Silvia L. Pintea

Liver-vessel segmentation is an essential task in the pre-operative planning of liver resection. State-of-the-art 2D or 3D convolution-based methods focusing on liver vessel segmentation on 2D CT cross-sectional views, which do not take into account the global liver-vessel topology. To maintain this global vessel topology, we rely on the underlying physics u

Priyabrata Mandal, Abhay Soman

In this paper, we explore the behavior of orthogonal involutions in the context of totally positive field extensions. Let $K/F$ be a totally positive extension of formally real fields. By Becher&#39;s result, if a quadratic form $q$ over $F$ becomes isotropic over $K$, then $q$ is weakly isotropic over $F$. We present an example in which, despite $K/F$ being

Juan Miguel Valverde, Motoya Koga, Nijihiko Otsuka, Anders Bjorholm Dahl

We present TopoMortar, a brick wall dataset that is the first dataset specifically designed to evaluate topology-focused image segmentation methods, such as topology loss functions. Motivated by the known sensitivity of methods to dataset challenges, such as small training sets, noisy labels, and out-of-distribution test-set images, TopoMortar is created to

Christine Davies

The story of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, $a_{\mu}$, has been a long and absorbing read, with several unexpected plot twists. The theme: is new physics visible in $a_{\mu}$ or not? is clearly an important one. As we head towards what may be the final chapters, the pace of the narrative has quickened and lattice QCD is providing a critical new p

Yiming Pan, Patrick-Nigel Hildebrandt, Daniela Zahn, Marios Zacharias

Electron-phonon coupling is central to many condensed matter phenomena. Harnessing these effects for novel material functionality in materials always involves non-equilibrium electronic states, which in turn alter quasi-free-carrier density and screening. Thus, gaining a fundamental understanding of the interplay of carrier screening and electron-phonon coup

Nico Härringer, Günther Dissertori, Tomasz Gadek, Wojciech Hajdas

In preparation of the operation of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) barrel at the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) the entire on-detector electronics will be replaced. The new readout electronics comprises 12240 very front end (VFE), 2448 front end (FE) and low voltage regulator (LVR) cards arranged into readout towers (RTs) of five V

Shify Treger, Shimon Ullman

Early in development, infants learn to extract surprisingly complex aspects of visual scenes. This early learning comes together with an initial understanding of the extracted concepts, such as their implications, causality, and using them to predict likely future events. In many cases, this learning is obtained with little or no supervision, and from relati

Afnan Sultan, Max Rausch-Dupont, Shahrukh Khan, Olga Kalinina

Over the past six years, molecular transformer models have become key tools in drug discovery. Most existing models are pre-trained on large, unlabeled datasets such as ZINC or ChEMBL. However, the extent to which large-scale pre-training improves molecular property prediction remains unclear. This study evaluates transformer models for this task while addre

Andrea Lepori, Alexandru Calotoiu, Torsten Hoefler

Pointers are an integral part of C and other programming languages. They enable substantial flexibility from the programmer's standpoint, allowing the user fine, unmediated control over data access patterns. However, accesses done through pointers are often hard to track, and challenging to understand for optimizers, compilers, and sometimes, even for the de

I. L. Buchbinder, R. M. Iakhibbaev, D. I. Kazakov, D. M. Tolkachev

We calculate the three-loop contribution to the chiral effective potential in the massless Wess-Zumino model. It is shown that while the non-renormalisation theorem forbids divergent contributions to the chiral potential, in the massless case the finite corrections survive. There are only three three-loop supergraphs that give rise to a superfield effective

Davide Zorzenon, Jörg Raisch

Given a max-plus linear system and a semimodule, the problem of computing the maximal controlled invariant subsemimodule is still open to this day. In this paper, we consider this problem for the specific class of fully actuated systems and constraints in the form of precedence semimodules. The assumption of full actuation corresponds to the existence of an

Yifan Wang, Sherwin Stephen Chan, Mingyuan Lei, Lek Syn Lim

As the global population ages, effective rehabilitation and mobility aids will become increasingly critical. Gait assistive robots are promising solutions, but designing adaptable controllers for various impairments poses a significant challenge. This paper presented a Human-In-The-Loop (HITL) simulation framework tailored specifically for gait assistive rob

Yang Qi, Alexis Decurninge

We use tools from random matrix theory to study the multi-spiked tensor model, i.e., a rank-$r$ deformation of a symmetric random Gaussian tensor. In particular, thanks to the nature of local optimization methods used to find the maximum likelihood estimator of this model, we propose to study the phase transition phenomenon for finding critical points of the

Tomasz Klimsiak

A classical B\^ocher's theorem asserts that any positive harmonic function (with respect to the Laplacian) in the punctured unit ball can be expressed, up to the multiplication constant, as the sum of the Newtonian kernel and a positive function that is harmonic in the whole unit ball. This theorem expresses one of the fundamental results in the theory of is

J. R. Goicoechea, J. Pety, S. Cuadrado, O. Berné

We present subarcsecond-resolution ALMA mosaics of the Orion Bar PDR in [CI] 609um, C2H (4-3), and C18O (3-2) emission lines complemented by JWST images of H2 and aromatic infrared band (AIB) emission. The rim of the Bar shows very corrugated structures made of small-scale H2 dissociation fronts (DFs). The [CI] 609 um emission peaks very close (~0.002 pc) to

Nicolas Esser, Carrie Filion, Sven De Rijcke, Nitya Kallivayalil

Primordial black holes (PBHs) in the asteroid-mass range remain a viable and until now unconstrained dark matter (DM) candidate. If such PBHs exist, they could be captured by stars in DM-dominated environments with low velocity dispersion such as ultra-faint dwarf galaxies (UFDs). The capture probability increases with the stellar mass, and captured PBHs wou

Minda Ma, Shufan Zhang, Junhong Liu, Ran Yan

Despite a substantial body of research-evidenced by our analysis of 2,628 peer-reviewed papers-global building floorspace data remain fragmented, inconsistent, and methodologically diverse. The lack of high-quality and openly accessible datasets poses major challenges to accurately assessing building carbon neutrality. This review focuses on global building

Nao Komiyama, Takeshi Shinohara

In this paper, we investigate the shuffle product relations for Euler-Zagier multiple zeta functions as functional relations. To this end, we generalize the classical partial fraction decomposition formula and give two proofs. One is based on a connection formula for Gauss's hypergeometric functions, the other one is based on an elementary calculus. Though i

Thomas Bömer, Nico Koltermann, Max Disselnmeyer, Laura Dörr

Combinatorial optimization problems often rely on heuristic algorithms to generate efficient solutions. However, the manual design of heuristics is resource-intensive and constrained by the designer's expertise. Recent advances in artificial intelligence, particularly large language models (LLMs), have demonstrated the potential to automate heuristic generat

Zhongkai Wang, Yungui Gong

The quantum-to-classical transition of inflationary perturbations remains an unresolved fundamental problem, and quantum decoherence is one of the promising solutions. By considering quantum perturbations during inflation as an open quantum system interacting with its environment, quantum decoherence can be described by the Lindblad equation. This formalism

Chuan Hu, Sicheng Ge, Yingkui Shi, Weinan Gao

This article presents a composite nonlinear feedback (CNF) control method using self-triggered (ST) adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) algorithm in a human-machine shared steering framework. For the overall system dynamics, a two-degrees-of-freedom (2-DOF) vehicle model is established and a two-point preview driver model is adopted. A dynamic authority alloc

Yiming Wang, Jianbin Ma, Junda Wu, Huizhe Li

For quadrotors, achieving safe and autonomous flight in complex environments with wind disturbances and dynamic obstacles still faces significant challenges. Most existing methods address wind disturbances in either trajectory planning or control, which may lead to hazardous situations during flight. The emergence of dynamic obstacles would further worsen th

Fabian Gittins, Nils Andersson, Shanshan Yin

Neutron stars are compact, relativistic bodies that host several extremes of modern physics. An exciting development in recent years has been the opportunity to probe this exotic physics by observing compact-binary coalescences using sensitive gravitational-wave and electromagnetic instruments. To maximise the science inferred from these measurements, we req

Haowei Zhang, Matthias Hölzl, Isabel Krebs, Andreas Burckhart

The sawtooth-free hybrid scenario has been achieved recently in ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) with applied non-inductive current sources and auxiliary heating [A. Burckhart et al 2023 Nucl. Fusion 63 126056]. Control experiments in AUG suggest that the self-regulating magnetic flux pumping mechanism, characterized by anomalous current redistribution, is responsible fo

Razvan Gabriel Iagar, Philippe Laurençot

Local and global well-posedness, along with finite time blow-up, are investigated for the following Hardy-H\'enon equation involving a quasilinear degenerate diffusion and a space-dependent superlinear source featuring a singular potential $$\partial_t u=\Delta u^m+|x|^{\sigma}u^p,\quad t>0,\ x\in\mathbb{R}^N,$$ when $m>1$, $p>1$ and $\sigma\in \big(\max\{-2