Signal formation and induction-gap optimization in a THGEM coupled to a resistive plate anode

Abstract

A Thick Gaseous Electron Multiplier (THGEM) detector coupled to a resistive plate anode was investigated for the first time, using an Ar:CO$_2$ (93:7) gas mixture. The resistive anode concept enabled stable operation with induction gaps significantly smaller than those typically employed in THGEM detectors, opening the possibility of improving signal formation and timing performance. The effect of the induction gap on the detector current- and charge-signal characteristics was systematically investigated. An optimal induction gap of 0.2 mm was identified based on several key signal parameters. Subsequently, detailed studies were carried out for this optimal configuration under different electric-field settings. The detector achieved a highest peak amplitude of $\sim$56 $μ$A with a rise time of $\sim$5 ns at $Δ\text{V}_{\text{THGEM}}$=1900 V, $Δ\text{V}_{\text{induction}}$=100 V, and a drift field of 1 kV/cm when irradiated with 5.9 keV X-rays. Under the same operating conditions, a time resolution of $\sim$6.0 ns was measured detecting cosmic muons. This study establishes a new THGEM detector configuration and provides guidance for its potential application in particle-detection systems, such as muon spectrometers and sampling elements of digital hadronic calorimeters.