January 2019 arXiv papers — page 84

Yue-Zhou Li

We consider the generic massless cubic gravities coupled to a negative bare cosmological constant mainly in $D=5$ and $D=4$ dimensions, which are Einstein gravity extended with cubic curvature invariants where the linearized excited spectrum around the AdS background contains no massive modes. The generic massless cubic gravities are more general than Myers

Marcello D. Caio, Marco Caccin, Paul Baireuther, Timo Hyart

The continuous effort towards topological quantum devices calls for an efficient and non-invasive method to assess the conformity of components in different topological phases. Here, we show that machine learning paves the way towards non-invasive topological quality control. To do so, we use a local topological marker, able to discriminate between topologic

Rosalba Perna, Yi-Han Wang, Will M. Farr, Nathan Leigh

Prior to the detection of black holes (BHs) via the gravitational waves (GWs) they generate at merger, the presence of BHs was inferred in X-ray binaries, mostly via dynamical measurements, with masses in the range between $\sim 5-20~M_\odot$. The LIGO discovery of the first BHs via GWs was surprising in that the two BHs that merged had masses of $35.6^{+4.8

Anna T. P. Schauer, Boyuan Liu, Volker Bromm

Within standard $Λ$CDM cosmology, Population III (Pop III) star formation in minihalos of mass $M_\mathrm{halo}\gtrsim 5\times10^5$ M$_\odot$ provides the first stellar sources of Lyman$α$ (Ly$α$) photons. The Experiment to Detect the Global Epoch of Reionization Signature (EDGES) has measured a strong absorption signal of the redshifted 21 cm radiation from

Chen Chen, Gastao Krein, Craig D. Roberts, Sebastian M. Schmidt

A continuum approach to the three valence-quark bound-state problem in quantum field theory, employing parametrisations of the necessary kernel elements, is used to compute the spectrum and Poincaré-covariant wave functions for all flavour-$SU(3)$ octet and decuplet baryons and their first positive-parity excitations. Such analyses predict the existence of n

Vivek Lohani, Ciarán Hickey, Jan Masell, Achim Rosch

We develop a quantum theory of magnetic skyrmions and antiskyrmions in a spin-1/2 Heisenberg magnet with frustrating next-nearest neighbor interactions. Using exact diagonalization we show numerically that a quantum skyrmion exists as a stable many-magnon bound state and investigate its quantum numbers. We then derive a phenomenological Schrödinger equation

Mohammadtaher Safarzadeh, Abraham Loeb

The presence of primordial magnetic fields increases the minimum halo mass in which star formation is possible at high redshifts. Estimates of the dynamical mass of ultra-faint dwarf galaxies (UFDs) within their half-light radius constrain their virialized halo mass before their infall into the Milky Way. The inferred halo mass and formation redshift of the

Margherita Molaro, Romeel Davé, Sultan Hassan, Mario G. Santos

We introduce the "Asymmetric Radiative Transfer In Shells Technique" (ARTIST), a new method for photon propagation on large scales that explicitly conserves photons, propagates photons at the speed of light, approximately accounts for photon directionality, and closely reproduces results of more detailed radiative transfer (RT) codes. Crucially, it i

Jonas Heinze, Anatoli Fedynitch, Denise Boncioli, Walter Winter

We study the implications of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR) data from the Pierre Auger Observatory for potential accelerator candidates and cosmogenic neutrino fluxes for different combinations of nuclear disintegration and air-shower models. We exploit the most recent spectral and mass composition data (2017) with a new, computationally very efficient

Yannick M. Bahé, Joop Schaye, David J. Barnes, Claudio Dalla Vecchia

We investigate the disruption of group and cluster satellite galaxies with total mass (dark matter plus baryons) above 10^10 M_sun in the Hydrangea simulations, a suite of 24 high-resolution cosmological hydrodynamical zoom-in simulations based on the EAGLE model. The simulations predict that ~50 per cent of satellites survive to redshift z = 0, with higher

Steve Campbell, Barış Çakmak, Özgür E. Müstecaplıoğlu, Mauro Paternostro

We examine the emergence of objectivity via quantum Darwinism through the use of a collision model, i.e. where the dynamics is modeled through sequences of unitary interactions between the system and the individual constituents of the environment, termed "ancillas". By exploiting versatility of this framework, we show that one can transition from a &

Matteo Fossati, Michele Fumagalli, Giuseppe Gavazzi, Guido Consolandi

We report new wide-field (~ 4 x 4 square arcmin) MUSE observations of the Blue Infalling Group (BIG), a compact group of galaxies located at a projected distance of ~ 150 kpc from the X-Ray centre of the A1367 cluster at z = 0.021. Our MUSE observations map in detail the extended ionized gas, primarily traced by H$α$ emission, in between the members of the g

Kristjan Kannike, Martti Raidal

We study phase transitions in a softly broken $U(1)$ complex singlet scalar model in which the dark matter is the pseudo-scalar part of a singlet whose direct detection coupling to matter is strongly suppressed. Our aim is to find ways to test this model with the stochastic gravitational wave background from the scalar phase transition. We find that the phas

Griffin Hosseinzadeh, Curtis McCully, Ann I. Zabludoff, Iair Arcavi

Because core-collapse supernovae are the explosions of massive stars, which have relatively short lifetimes, they occur almost exclusively in galaxies with active star formation. On the other hand, the Type Ibn supernova PS1-12sk exploded in an environment much more typical of thermonuclear (Type Ia) supernovae: on the outskirts of the brightest elliptical g

Gillian Lustermans, Johannes K. L. Michel, Frank J. Tackmann, Wouter J. Waalewijn

We consider Drell-Yan production $pp \to Z/\gamma^* \to \ell^+\ell^-$ with the simultaneous measurement of the $Z$-boson transverse momentum $q_T$ and $0$-jettiness $\mathcal{T}_0$. Since both observables resolve the initial-state QCD radiation, the double-differential cross section in $q_T$ and $\mathcal{T}_0$ contains Sudakov double logarithms of both $q_T

James R. Seddon, Earl T. Campbell

The development of a framework for quantifying "non-stabiliserness" of quantum operations is motivated by the magic state model of fault-tolerant quantum computation, and by the need to estimate classical simulation cost for noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. The robustness of magic was recently proposed as a well-behaved magic monotone

Macarena Lagos, Maya Fishbach, Philippe Landry, Daniel E. Holz

We consider the effect of a time-varying Planck mass on the propagation of gravitational waves (GWs). A running Planck mass arises naturally in several modified gravity theories, and here we focus on those that carry an additional dark energy field responsible for the late-time accelerated expansion of the universe, yet--like general relativity (GR)--propaga

Vitaliy Kurlin, Philip Smith

Data Science aims to extract meaningful knowledge from unorganised data. Real datasets usually come in the form of a cloud of points with only pairwise distances. Numerous applications require to visualise an overall shape of a noisy cloud of points sampled from a non-linear object that is more complicated than a union of disjoint clusters. The skeletonisati

Shiqi Sheng, Tim Herpich, Giovanni Diana, Massimiliano Esposito

We investigate the performance of majority-logic decoding in both reversible and finite-time information erasure processes performed on macroscopic bits that contain $N$ microscopic binary units. While we show that for reversible erasure protocols single-unit transformations are more efficient than majority-logic decoding, the latter is found to offer severa

Amirhossein Taghvaei, Prashant G. Mehta

This paper presents a methodology and numerical algorithms for constructing accelerated gradient flows on the space of probability distributions. In particular, we extend the recent variational formulation of accelerated gradient methods in (wibisono, et. al. 2016) from vector valued variables to probability distributions. The variational problem is modeled

James Hyde, Yash Lodha, Andrés Navas, Cristóbal Rivas

We show that the finitely generated simple left orderable groups $G_{\rho}$ constructed by the first two authors in arXiv:1807.06478 are uniformly perfect - each element in the group can be expressed as a product of three commutators of elements in the group. This implies that the group does not admit any homogeneous quasimorphism. Moreover, any nontrivial a

Andrew J. Long, Lian-Tao Wang

We study the production of ultra-light dark photons from a network of near-global, Abelian-Higgs cosmic strings. We find that dark photons produced in this way are nonrelativistic today and can make up all of the dark matter for dark photon masses as small as $m_A \sim 10^{-22} \, \mathrm{eV}$.

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott

Advanced LIGO's second observing run (O2), conducted from November 30, 2016 to August 25, 2017, combined with Advanced Virgo's first observations in August 2017 witnessed the birth of gravitational-wave multi-messenger astronomy. The first ever gravitational-wave detection from the coalescence of two neutron stars, GW170817, and its gamma-ray counter

Lixue Cheng, Matthew Welborn, Anders S. Christensen, Thomas F. Miller

We address the degree to which machine learning can be used to accurately and transferably predict post-Hartree-Fock correlation energies. Refined strategies for feature design and selection are presented, and the molecular-orbital-based machine learning (MOB-ML) method is applied to several test systems. Strikingly, for the MP2, CCSD, and CCSD(T) levels of

Jochen Glück, Martin R. Weber

The first part of this article is a brief survey of the properties of so-called almost interior points in ordered Banach spaces. Those vectors can be seen as a generalization of ``functions which are strictly positive almost everywhere'' on $L^p$-spaces and of ``quasi-interior points'' in Banach lattices. In the second part we study the long--term behaviour

Laurence A. Clarfeld, Paul D. H. Hines, Eric M. Hernandez, Margaret J. Eppstein

Cascading blackouts typically occur when nearly simultaneous outages occur in k out of N components in a power system, triggering subsequent failures that propagate through the network and cause significant load shedding. While large cascades are rare, their impact can be catastrophic, so quantifying their risk is important for grid planning and operation. A

Mohammad Akil, Yacine Chitour, Mouhammad Ghader, Ali Wehbe

In this paper, we study the indirect boundary stability and exact controllability of a one-dimensional Timoshenko system. In the first part of the paper, we consider the Timoshenko system with only one boundary fractional damping. We first show that the system is strongly stable but not uniformly stable. Hence, we look for a polynomial decay rate for smooth

Yulong Zou, Jia Zhu, Xiao Jiang

In this paper, we consider an energy-harvesting (EH) relay system consisting of a source, a destination, and multiple EH decode-and-forward (DF) relays that can harvest the energy from their received radio signals. A power-splitting ratio is employed at an EH DF relay to characterize a trade-off between an energy used for decoding the source signal received

Pierre Berger, Jairo Bochi

A concept of emergence was recently introduced in the paper [Berger] in order to quantify the richness of possible statistical behaviors of orbits of a given dynamical system. In this paper, we develop this concept and provide several new definitions, results, and examples. We introduce the notion of topological emergence of a dynamical system, which essenti

Salman Abarghouei Nejad, Mehdi Dehghani, Majid Monemzadeh

We construct a cosmological model based on a free particle model which is constrained on an embedded toroidal brane, with a general rotation around a specific axis in the bulk space. Some related issues such as the rotation axis of the brane, the presence of gravitomagnetic background and its relation to the general angular velocity of the brane, and its qua

Guillermo Alesandroni

In this article we give explicit descriptions of the multiplicities of some classes of monomial ideals. For instance, we give a formula for the multiplicities of all codimension 1 monomial ideals, and another formula for the multiplicities of almost complete intersections. We also introduce a new class of ideals that extends the family of monomial complete i

Younghan Bae

We define tautological relations for the moduli space of stable maps to a target variety. Using the double ramification cycle formula for target varieties of Janda-Pandharipande-Pixton-Zvonkine, we construct nontrivial tautological relations parallel to Pixton's double ramification cycle relations for the moduli of curves. Examples and applications are discu

Joeri Brackenhoff, Jan Thorbecke, Kees Wapenaar

We aim to monitor and characterize signals in the subsurface by combining these passive signals with recorded reflection data at the surface of the Earth. To achieve this, we propose a method to create virtual receivers from reflection data using the Marchenko method. By applying homogeneous Green's function retrieval, these virtual receivers are then used t

Michael Chilcote, Megan Harberts, Bodo Fuhrman, Katrin Lehmann

Vanadium tetracyanoethylene (V[TCNE]$_\text{x}$) is an organic-based ferrimagnet that exhibits robust magnetic ordering (T$_\text{C}$ of over 600 K), high quality-factor (high-Q) microwave resonance (Q up to 3,500), and compatibility with a wide variety of substrates and encapsulation technologies. Here, we substantially expand the potential scope and impact

Mario Teixeira Parente, Daniel Bittner, Steven Mattis, Gabriele Chiogna

In this article, we perform a parameter study for a recently developed karst hydrological model. The study consists of a high-dimensional Bayesian inverse problem and a global sensitivity analysis. For the first time in karst hydrology, we use the active subspace method to find directions in the parameter space that dominate the Bayesian update from the prio

Sourav Patranabish, Aloka Sinha, Madhu B. Kanakala, Channabasaveshwar V. Yelamaggad

The twist-bend nematic (Ntb) phase is a recent addition to the nematic (N) phases of liquid crystals (LCs). A net polar order in the Ntb phase under an external electric field was predicted in several recent theoretical studies but yet to be experimentally realized. We investigated the polar nature, dielectric properties, electro-optical switching and optica

Yehonatan Buchnik, Roy Friedman

Blockchains are distributed secure ledgers to which transactions are issued continuously and each block of transactions is tightly coupled to its predecessors. Permissioned blockchains place special emphasis on transactions throughput. In this paper we present FireLedger, which leverages the iterative nature of blockchains in order to improve their throughpu

Jiaqi Wang, Kai Chen, Shuo Yang, Chen Change Loy

Region anchors are the cornerstone of modern object detection techniques. State-of-the-art detectors mostly rely on a dense anchoring scheme, where anchors are sampled uniformly over the spatial domain with a predefined set of scales and aspect ratios. In this paper, we revisit this foundational stage. Our study shows that it can be done much more effectivel

Kevin Burke, Gilbert MacKenzie

It is standard practice for covariates to enter a parametric model through a single distributional parameter of interest, for example, the scale parameter in many standard survival models. Indeed, the well-known proportional hazards model is of this kind. In this paper we discuss a more general approach whereby covariates enter the model through more than on

Philipp Hieronymi, Erik Walsberg

We show that if $X$ is virtually any classical fractal subset of $\mathbb{R}^n$, then $(\mathbb{R},<,+,X)$ interprets the monadic second-order theory of $(\mathbb{N},+1)$. This result is sharp in the sense that the standard model of the monadic second-order theory of $(\mathbb{N},+1)$ is known to interpret $(\mathbb{R},<,+,X)$ for various classical fractals

Kevin Sala, Xavier Teruel, Josep M. Perez, Antonio J. Peña

In this paper we present the Task-Aware MPI library (TAMPI) that integrates both blocking and non-blocking MPI primitives with task-based programming models. The TAMPI library leverages two new runtime APIs to improve both programmability and performance of hybrid applications. The first API allows to pause and resume the execution of a task depending on ext

Martí Raya-Moreno, Riccardo Rurali, Xavier Cartoixà

We calculate the lattice thermal conductivity ($κ$) for cubic (zinc-blende) and hexagonal (wurtzite) phases for 8 semiconductors using $\textit{ab initio}$ calculations and solving the Phonon Boltzmann Transport Equation, explaining the different behavior of the ratio $κ_{\rm hex}/κ_{\rm cub}$ between the two phases. We show that this behavior depends on the

Fabio Briscese, Gianluca Calcagni, Leonardo Modesto

We address the stability issue of Ricci-flat and maximally symmetric spacetimes in nonlocal gravity to all perturbative orders in the gravitational perturbation. Assuming a potential at least cubic in curvature tensors but quadratic in the Ricci tensor, our proof consists on a mapping of the stability analysis in nonlocal gravity to the same problem in Einst

David Stewart

These proceedings report preliminary measurements of correlations between mid-rapidity charged tracks and high-rapidity event activity (EA) at STAR for $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}= 200\, \mathrm{GeV}$ p+Au collisions taken in 2015. These correlations are intriguing because they inform the current debate over use of the Glauber model in `small' systems (here meanin

Alex Dytso, Semih Yagli, H. Vincent Poor, Shlomo Shamai

This paper studies an $n$-dimensional additive Gaussian noise channel with a peak-power-constrained input. It is well known that, in this case, when $n=1$ the capacity-achieving input distribution is discrete with finitely many mass points, and when $n>1$ the capacity-achieving input distribution is supported on finitely many concentric shells. However, due

Stefan Takacs

Isogeometric Analysis is a spline-based discretization method to partial differential equations which shows the approximation power of a high-order method. The number of degrees of freedom, however, is as small as the number of degrees of freedom of a low-order method. This does not come for free as the original formulation of Isogeometric Analysis requires

Gavin Dold, Christoph W. Zollitsch, James O&#39;Sullivan, Sacha Welinski

Yttrium orthosilicate (Y$_2$SiO$_5$, or YSO) has proved to be a convenient host for rare-earth ions used in demonstrations of microwave quantum memories and optical memories with microwave interfaces, and shows promise for coherent microwave--optical conversion owing to its favourable optical and spin properties. The strong coupling required by such microwav

Navin Kashyap, Ron M. Roth, Paul H. Siegel

A Markov chain approach is applied to determine the capacity of a general class of q-ary ICI-free constrained systems that satisfy an arbitrary count constraint.

Maxim Lyutikov, Mohammad Rafat

We discuss physical constrains that observations of high brightness temperature coherent radio emission, with brightness temperatures as high as $T_b \sim 10^{35}$ K, impose on the plasma parameters at relativistically moving astrophysical sources. High brightness temperatures imply a minimal plasma energy density at the source. Additional important constrai

Constantinos Papayiannis, Christine Evers, Patrick A. Naylor

The classification of acoustic environments allows for machines to better understand the auditory world around them. The use of deep learning in order to teach machines to discriminate between different rooms is a new area of research. Similarly to other learning tasks, this task suffers from the high-dimensionality and the limited availability of training d

K. C. M. Madarasingha, W. N. D. Perera, A. M. A. I. Rathnayaka, H. P. Savindu

Foot temperature profiling is of utmost importance is mitigating the adverse effects due to foot complications especially due to diabetes. Contactless temperature monitoring methods could be used effectively in large scale for patient screening. Near-infrared thermography has proven to be convenient and accurate for temperature profiling. The objective of th

Nai-Hui Chia, Tongyang Li, Han-Hsuan Lin, Chunhao Wang

Semidefinite programming (SDP) is a central topic in mathematical optimization with extensive studies on its efficient solvers. In this paper, we present a proof-of-principle sublinear-time algorithm for solving SDPs with low-rank constraints; specifically, given an SDP with $m$ constraint matrices, each of dimension $n$ and rank $r$, our algorithm can compu

Robert West, Eric Horvitz

Humor is an essential human trait. Efforts to understand humor have called out links between humor and the foundations of cognition, as well as the importance of humor in social engagement. As such, it is a promising and important subject of study, with relevance for artificial intelligence and human-computer interaction. Previous computational work on humor

Alexander Baur, Hans Peter Nilles, Andreas Trautner, Patrick K. S. Vaudrevange

Flavor symmetry plays a crucial role in the standard model of particle physics but its origin is still unknown. We develop a new method (based on outer automorphisms of the Narain space group) to determine flavor symmetries within compactified string theory. A picture emerges where traditional (discrete) flavor symmetries, CP-like symmetries and modular symm

Ole Steuernagel, Andrei Klimov

We show that a polynomial H(N) of degree N of a harmonic oscillator hamiltonian allows us to devise a fully solvable continuous quantum system for which the first N discrete energy eigenvalues can be chosen at will. In general such a choice leads to a re-ordering of the associated energy eigenfunctions of H such that the number of their nodes does not increa

Aditi Ghai, Xiangmin Jiao

Incomplete factorization is a powerful preconditioner for Krylov subspace methods for solving large-scale sparse linear systems. Existing incomplete factorization techniques, including incomplete Cholesky and incomplete LU factorizations, are typically designed for symmetric or nonsymmetric matrices. For some numerical discretizations of partial differential

Nguyen Tien Dung

In this paper, based on a known formula, we use a simple idea to get a new representation for the density of Malliavin differentiable random variables. This new representation is particularly useful for finding lower bounds for the density.

Cara Monical, Benjamin Pankow, Alexander Yong

A reduced word of a permutation $w$ is a minimal length expression of $w$ as a product of simple transpositions. We examine the computational complexity, formulas and (randomized) algorithms for their enumeration. In particular, we prove that the Edelman-Greene statistic, defined by S. Billey-B. Pawlowski, is typically exponentially large. This implies a res

Harald Garcke, Julia Menzel, Alessandra Pluda

The $L^2$--gradient flow of the elastic energy of networks leads to a Willmore type evolution law with nontrivial nonlinear boundary conditions. We show local in time existence and uniqueness for this elastic flow of networks in a Sobolev space setting under natural boundary conditions. In addition we show a regularisation property and geometric existence an

Jan Haskovec, Henrik Jönsson, Lisa Maria Kreusser, Peter Markowich

The plant hormone auxin controls many aspects of the development of plants. One striking dynamical feature is the self-organisation of leaf venation patterns which is driven by high levels of auxin within vein cells. The auxin transport is mediated by specialised membrane-localised proteins. Many venation models have been based on polarly localised efflux-me

Zhengwei Liu, William Norledge, Adrian Ocneanu

We study a certain discrete differentiation of piecewise-constant functions on the adjoint of the braid hyperplane arrangement, defined by taking finite-differences across hyperplanes. In terms of Aguiar-Mahajan's Lie theory of hyperplane arrangements, we show that this structure is equivalent to the action of Lie elements on faces. We use layered binary tre

Sebastian Klein, Martin Kilian

We prove that the set of closed finite gap curves in hyperbolic 3-space $\mathbb{H}^3$ is $W^{2,2}$-dense in the Sobolev space of all closed $W^{2,2}$-curves in $\mathbb{H}^3$. We also show that the set of closed finite gap curves in any 2-dimensional space form $\mathbb{E}^2$ is $W^{2,2}$-dense in the Sobolev space of all closed $W^{2,2}$-curves in $\mathbb

Emilio Calvanese Strinati, Sergio Barbarossa, José Luis Gonzalez-Jimenez, Dimitri Kténas

The current development of 5G networks represents a breakthrough in the design of communication networks, for its ability to provide a single platform enabling a variety of different services, from enhanced mobile broadband communications, automated driving, Internet-of-Things, with its huge number of connected devices, etc. Nevertheless, looking at the curr

Adam R. Hinkle, Wolfram Nöhring, Lars Pastewka

Most natural and man-made surfaces appear to be rough on many length scales. There is presently no unifying theory of the origin of roughness or the self-affine nature of surface topography. One likely contributor to the formation of roughness is deformation, which underlies many processes that shape surfaces such as machining, fracture, and wear. Using mole

Hui Yu, Jose A. Sanchez-Rodriguez, Marvin Pollum, Carlos E. Crespo-Hernández

The photodynamic properties of molecules determine their ability to survive in harsh radiation environments. As such, the photostability of heterocyclic aromatic compounds to electromagnetic radiation is expected to have been one of the selection pressures influencing the prebiotic chemistry on early Earth. In the present study, the gas-phase photodynamics o

Noah Kravitz

A subset $A$ of a finite abelian group is called $(k,\ell)$-sum-free if $kA \cap \ell A=\emptyset.$ In this paper, we extend this concept to compact abelian groups and study the question of how large a measurable $(k,\ell)$-sum-free set can be. For integers $1 \leq k <\ell$ and a compact abelian group $G$, let $$λ_{k,\ell}(G)=\sup\{ μ(A): kA \cap \ell A =\em

Raif M. Rustamov

The Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) has found numerous applications in statistics and machine learning, most recently as a penalty in the Wasserstein Auto-Encoder (WAE). In this paper we compute closed-form expressions for estimating the Gaussian kernel based MMD between a given distribution and the standard multivariate normal distribution. This formula reve

Christiane Klein, Manfred Lindner, Sebastian Ohmer

We conduct a systematic search for neutrino mass models which only radiatively produce the dimension-5 Weinberg operator. We thereby do not allow for additional symmetries beyond the Standard Model gauge symmetry and we restrict ourselves to minimal models. We also include stable fractionally charged and coloured particles in our search. Additionally, we pro

R. Stefanescu, A. Sandu

In this study we propose a-posteriori error estimation results to approximate the precision loss in quantities of interests computed using reduced order models. To generate the surrogate models we employ Proper Orthogonal Decomposition and Discrete Empirical Interpolation Method. First order expansions of the components of the quantity of interest obtained a

Antonio Carlos Borin, Sebastian Mai, Philipp Marquetand, and Leticia González

The gas phase relaxation dynamics of photoexcited 5-azacytosine has been investigated by means of SHARC (surface-hopping including arbitrary couplings) molecular dynamics, based on accurate multireference electronic structure computations. Both singlet and triplet states were included in the simulations in order to investigate the different internal conversi

A. Gianfrate, O. Bleu, L. Dominici, V. Ardizzone

Topological Physics relies on the specific structure of the eigenstates of Hamiltonians. Their geometry is encoded in the quantum geometric tensor containing both the celebrated Berry curvature, crucial for topological matter, and the quantum metric. The latter is at the heart of a growing number of physical phenomena such as superfluidity in flat bands, orb

Hendrik Bartsch, Markus Bier, S. Dietrich

Ionic liquid crystals (ILCs) are anisotropic mesogenic molecules which additionally carry charges. This combination gives rise to a complex interplay of the underlying (anisotropic) contributions to the pair interactions. It promises interesting and distinctive structural and orientational properties to arise in systems of ILCs, combining properties of liqui

Gaurav Kumar Agarwal, Martina Cardone, Christina Fragouli

This paper studies the problem of information theoretic secure communication when a source has private messages to transmit to $m$ destinations, in the presence of a passive adversary who eavesdrops an unknown set of $k$ edges. The information theoretic secure capacity is derived over unit-edge capacity separable networks, for the cases when $k=1$ and $m$ is

Giuseppe Nuti, Lluís Antoni Jiménez Rugama, Andreea-Ingrid Cross

Bayesian Decision Trees are known for their probabilistic interpretability. However, their construction can sometimes be costly. In this article we present a general Bayesian Decision Tree algorithm applicable to both regression and classification problems. The algorithm does not apply Markov Chain Monte Carlo and does not require a pruning step. While it is

Jiayun Dong, Cynthia Rudin

Variable importance is central to scientific studies, including the social sciences and causal inference, healthcare, and other domains. However, current notions of variable importance are often tied to a specific predictive model. This is problematic: what if there were multiple well-performing predictive models, and a specific variable is important to some

Louis Garrigue

We prove the strong unique continuation property for many-body Pauli operators with external potentials, interaction potentials and magnetic fields in $L^p\loc(\R^d)$, and with magnetic potentials in ${L^{q}\loc(\R^d)}$, where ${p > \max(2d/3,2)}$ and ${q > 2d}$. For this purpose, we prove a singular Carleman estimate involving fractional Laplacian operators

Dominic Deuber, Bernardo Magri, Sri Aravinda Krishnan Thyagarajan

Bitcoin is an immutable permissionless blockchain system that has been extensively used as a public bulletin board by many different applications that heavily relies on its immutability. However, Bitcoin&#39;s immutability is not without its fair share of demerits. Interpol exposed the existence of harmful and potentially illegal documents, images and links

Lisa Rapp, Fabian Bergmann, Walter Zimmermann

We consider a continuum model for motility-induced phase separation (MIPS) of active Brownian particles [J. Chem. Phys. 142, 224149 (2015)]. Using a recently introduced perturbative analysis [Phys. Rev. E 98, 020604(R) (2018)], we show that this continuum model reduces to the classic Cahn-Hilliard (CH) model near the onset of MIPS. This makes MIPS another ex

S. Lacour, R. Dembet, R. Abuter, P. Fedou

The GRAVITY instrument has been commissioned on the VLTI during 2016 and is now available to the astronomical community. It is the first optical interferometer capable of observing sources as faint as magnitude 19 in K-band. This is possible thanks to the fringe tracker which compensates the differential piston based on measurements of a brighter off-axis as

Paria Mehrani, John K. Tsotsos

The face-vase illusion introduced by Rubin demonstrates how one can switch back and forth between two different interpretations depending on how the figure outlines are assigned [1]. This border ownership assignment is an important step in the perception of forms. Zhou et al. [2] found neurons in the visual cortex whose responses not only depend on the local

David Clarke

In this dissertation, we investigate the approach of pure SU(2) lattice gauge theory to its continuum limit using the deconfinement temperature, six gradient scales, and six cooling scales. We find that cooling scales exhibit similarly good scaling behavior as gradient scales, while being computationally more efficient. In addition, we estimate systematic er

Yuanbin Wu

The production of intense neutron beams via thermonuclear reactions in laser-generated plasmas is investigated theoretically. So far, state-of-the-art neutron beams are produced via laser-induced particle acceleration leading to high-energy particle beams that subsequently interact with a secondary target. Here we show that neutron beams of two orders of mag

Yen-Wen Lu, Po-Hao Chou, Chung-Hou Chung, Chung-Yu Mou

We exploit topological semi-metallic phases resulting from the Kondo screening in Anderson lattice models. It is shown that by including spin-orbit interactions both in the bulk electrons and in the hybridization between the conduction electrons and electrons in $f$ orbit, all types of topological semi-metallic phases can be realized in Anderson lattice mode

Hanchen Xu, Alejandro D. Domínguez-García, Venugopal V. Veeravalli, Peter W. Sauer

In this paper, we develop a data-driven voltage regulation framework for distributed energy resources (DERs) in a balanced radial power distribution system. The objective is to determine optimal DER power injections that minimize the voltage deviations from a desirable voltage range without knowing a complete power distribution system model a priori. The non

F. X. Sun, Z. X. Niu, Q. H. Gong, Q. Y. He

The spontaneous formation of lattice structure of quantized vortices is a characteristic feature of superfluidity in closed systems under thermal equilibrium. In exciton-polariton Bose-Einstein condensate, which is a typical example of macroscopic quantum state in open systems, spontaneous vortex lattices have also been proposed by not yet observed. Here, we

Zhihao Chen, Hanchen Xu, Junbo Zhang, Lin Guan

This paper reports an initial work on power system oscillation damping improvement using a data-driven online optimization method. An online oscillation damping optimization mod-el is proposed and formulated in a form solvable by the data-driven method. Key issues in the online optimization procedures, including the damping sensitivity identification method,

M. Zeyen, A. Antognini, K. Kirch, A. Knecht

We present a multi-pass amplifier which passively compensates for distortions of the spherical phase front occurring in the active medium. The design is based on the Fourier transform propagation which makes the output beam parameters insensitive to variation of thermal lens effects in the active medium. The realized system allows for 20 reflections on the a

Artemij Amiranashvili, Alexey Dosovitskiy, Vladlen Koltun, Thomas Brox

In dynamic environments, learned controllers are supposed to take motion into account when selecting the action to be taken. However, in existing reinforcement learning works motion is rarely treated explicitly; it is rather assumed that the controller learns the necessary motion representation from temporal stacks of frames implicitly. In this paper, we sho

I. Manthos, I. Maniatis, I. Maznas, M. Tsopoulou

The MicroMegas technology was selected by the ATLAS experiment at CERN to be adopted for the Small Wheel upgrade of the Muon Spectrometer, dedicated to precision tracking, in order to meet the requirements of the upcoming luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider. A large surface of the forward regions of the Muon Spectrometer will be equipped with 8 l

Lei Li, Jian-Guo Liu

We consider a discretization of Caputo derivatives resulted from deconvolving a scheme for the corresponding Volterra integral. Properties of this discretization, including signs of the coefficients, comparison principles, and stability of the corresponding implicit schemes, are proved by its linkage to Volterra integrals with completely monotone kernels. We

Jason Hindes, Michael Assaf

There is great interest in predicting rare and extreme events in complex systems, and in particular, understanding the role of network topology in facilitating such events. In this work, we show that degree dispersion -- the fact that the number of local connections in networks varies broadly -- increases the probability of large, rare fluctuations in popula

Marius Müller, Adrian Spener

We examine the L^2-gradient flow of Euler's elastic energy for closed curves in hyperbolic space and prove convergence to the global minimizer for initial curves with elastic energy bounded by 16. We show the sharpness of this bound by constructing a class of curves whose lengths blow up in infinite time. The convergence results follow from a constrained sha

Danny Hucke, Markus Lohrey, Louisa Seelbach Benkner

The definition of $k^{th}$-order empirical entropy of strings is extended to node labelled binary trees. A suitable binary encoding of tree straight-line programs (that have been used for grammar-based tree compression before) is shown to yield binary tree encodings of size bounded by the $k^{th}$-order empirical entropy plus some lower order terms. This gen

Juho Karhu, Teemu Tomberg, Francisco Senna Vieira, Guillaume Genoud

We report a photoacoustic spectroscopy setup with a high-power mid-infrared frequency comb as the light source. The setup is used in broadband spectroscopy of radiocarbon methane. Due to the high sensitivity of a cantilever-enhanced photoacoustic cell and the high power light source, we can reach a detection limit below 100 ppb in a broadband measurement wit

Julia Brandes, Trevor D. Wooley

We establish improved mean value estimates associated with the number of integer solutions of certain systems of diagonal equations, in some instances attaining the sharpest conjectured conclusions. This is the first occasion on which bounds of this quality have been attained for Diophantine systems not of Vinogradov type. As a consequence of this progress,

Cristina Costoya, David Méndez, Antonio Viruel

In this paper we raise the realisability problem in arrow categories. Namely, for a fixed category $\mathcal{C}$ and for arbitrary groups $H\le G_1\times G_2$, is there an object $ϕ\colon A_1 \rightarrow A_2$ in $\operatorname{Arr}(\mathcal{C})$ such that $\operatorname{Aut}_{\operatorname{Arr}(\mathcal{C})}(ϕ) = H$, $\operatorname{Aut}_{\mathcal{C}}(A_1) =

Anna Maria Barlow, Chris Sherlock, Jonathan Tawn

There is a propensity for an extreme value analyses to be conducted as a consequence of the occurrence of a large flooding event. This timing of the analysis introduces bias and poor coverage probabilities into the associated risk assessments and leads subsequently to inefficient flood protection schemes. We explore these problems through studying stochastic

Matthias Grezet, Camilla Hollanti

This paper presents a new alphabet-dependent bound for codes with hierarchical locality. Then, the complete list of possible localities is derived for a class of codes obtained by deleting specific columns from a Simplex code. This list is used to show that these codes are optimal codes with hierarchical locality.

Hyeong-Chan Kim, Youngone Lee

We examine the entropy of self-gravitating anisotropic matter confined to a box in the context of generalrelativity. The configuration of self-gravitating matter is spherically symmetric, but has anisotropic pressure of which angular part is different from the radial part. We deduce the entropy from the relation between the thermodynamical laws and the conti

Youngrong Lim, Ryuji Takagi, Gerardo Adesso, Soojoon Lee

Activation of quantum capacity is a surprising phenomenon according to which the quantum capacity of a certain channel may increase by combining it with another channel with zero quantum capacity. Superactivation describes an even more particular occurrence, in which both channels have zero quantum capacity, but their composition has a nonvanishing one. We i